Sunan Rasha "Ledum" ya fito daga tsohuwar fi'ilin 'lulled', wanda ke nufin "don guba", da kuma ma'anar "lulled", wanda aka manta a zamaninmu, an samo shi daga ma'anarsa: mai guba, mai sa maye, tart, mai ƙarfi. Wannan sunan yana nuna fasalin halayyar wannan bishiyan - ƙanshi mai wari mai danshi. Sunan kimiyya na Ledum shine “Ledum” (Ledum) ya fito ne daga ledon Girka - kamar yadda tsohuwar Helenawa ake kira da shuka wanda aka fitar da resin mai ƙanshi - frankincense (ladanum).
Rhododendron na Greenland, ko Ledum na Greenland. David A. HofmannBayanin Ledum
Ledum (Ledum) - asalin halittar tsirrai daga dangin Heather.
A cikin wallafe-wallafen Yammacin Turai, an hada nau'ikan halittar Bagulnik a cikin halittar Rhododendron tun daga shekarun 1990 (Rhododendron), a cikin harshen da ba shi fassara litattafai, wannan ra'ayi ba shi da tallafi a baya.
Ledum yayi girma a cikin yankuna masu sanyi da yanayi na Arewacin Hemisphere. Yana da nau'ikan 6, 4 daga cikinsu sun zama ruwan dare a Rasha. Ledum yana wakilta ta hanyar tsirrai da tsire-tsire tare da kullun, madadin, gabaɗaya, fata, kullun tare da gefen rufe, ganye.
Ganyayyaki da reshe na romanary na daji suna fitar da warin kamshi mai kaifi, wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar hadaddun hadaddun kayan mai a cikin shuka, wanda ke da kaddarorin da ke da illa wadanda ke shafar tsarin jijiyoyi kuma yana haifar da jijiyoyi, ciwon kai, tashin zuciya, amai, da kuma wani lokacin rashin hankali.
Furanni fararen fata ne na bisexual, girma-biyar, a cikin ladabi ko corymbose inflorescences a ƙarshen ƙarshen shekarar bara. 'Ya'yan itacen Ledum akwati ne mai tauraruwa biyar, buɗewa daga gindi zuwa sama. Tsaba kadan ne, mai fiɗa.
Ledum yana yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba, a cikin al'ada - ta hanyar yanke, yanke, rarraba bushes da zuriyar asali.
Yawancin lokaci Rosemary ana kiranta daurian rhododendron, rassan wanda ana sayar da su a cikin hunturu. Amma Daurian rhododendron ba shi da wata alaƙa da Rummary.
Rhododendron dauric (Rhododendron dauricum). © kp_arnarbGirma Ledum
Dasa Ledum
Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa Ledum shine bazara. Koyaya, idan an sayar da shuka tare da tsarin tushen rufaffiyar, to, lokacin dasawa ba shi da yawa. Tunda ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin dindindin na shekaru, ya kamata ramin rami ya kasance zurfin 30-40 cm, kodayake mafi yawan tushen sa suna zurfin 20 cm. Idan kana son ƙirƙirar wuri mai haske, amma jira ɗan shekaru har sai kwafin daya ya girma, kar ka rashin haƙuri, dasa shuki da yawa bushes, yayin da nisa tsakanin tsirrai a cikin rukuni ya kamata 50-70 cm.
Kasar Ledum
Ledum ya fi son ƙasa mai acidic. Don haka, ramin ya cika da cakuda mai kunshe da peat, ƙasa mai yashi da yashi (3: 2: 1). Wasu nau'in za su iya girma a kan kasa mai yashi. Misali, kayan furannin Greenland da fure babba, wanda cakuda ƙasa ya ƙunshi kayan haɗin guda, amma tare da yashi. A kasan ramin saukowa, an rufe wani yanki na 5-7 cm tare da magudanar ruwa wanda ya kunshi pebbles da yashi. Landings suna mulching.
Ledum. We Wayne WeberWatse
Don kula da matsakaicin matakin ƙasa na acidity, wajibi ne don a kai a kai (sau 2-3 a wata) ruwa a plantings tare da ruwan acidified. Ana ciyar da Bushes sau ɗaya a shekara a bazara tare da cikakken ma'adinin ma'adinai. Ya isa a cikin watan Afrilu-Mayu don watsa 1.5-2 tbsp a kusa da daji. l takin mai magani.
Yana yarda da gurɓatar ruwa, amma baya jure fari da ƙarancin ƙasa. Har ila yau, yana da kyau a duba, amma a hankali, tunda tushen dake kusa da saman tushen tsarin na iya lalata
Kula da Ledum
Duk da gaskiyar cewa Rummary daji yayi girma akan ƙasa mara kyau a gonar, suna buƙatar abinci don yayi girma da kyau. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don ciyar da tsirrai. Zai fi kyau yin wannan a cikin bazara, sau ɗaya a kakar. Don suturar daɗaɗɗa, yi amfani da cikakken ma'adinin ma'adinai a cikin nauyin 50-70 gram a kowace m2 ga kowane tsirrai na shuka, don tsire-tsire na matasa - 30-40 grams a kowace m2.
A bushe da zafi lokacin bazaar, Rosemary bukatar watering. Saboda haka, aƙalla sau ɗaya a mako ya kamata a shayar da su da ruwa 5-8 na ruwa a kowace shuka. Bayan haka, kasar gona a kusa da bushes za a iya a hankali kwance kuma dole ne a mulched da peat, don riƙe danshi. Sassa ƙasa, kamar yadda muka gani a baya, sosai a hankali, tunda Tushen suna located kusa da farfajiya na ƙasa.
Ledum baya buƙatar pruning na musamman. Don kula da kamannin ado, kawai bushe da fashe rassan bayan hunturu an yanke.
A cikin al'ada, romanary na daji suna tsayayya da cututtuka da kwari, tabbas saboda ƙanshi mai ƙarfi mai ban tsoro.
Seedling na Rosemary bog. Black Lora bakiLedum kiwo
Dukkan nau'ikan suna yaduwa ta tsaba da kuma lokacin bazara. Amma grafting yana buƙatar wasu ƙwarewa da ilimi. Don ƙirƙirar tushen nasara, dole ne a kula da ganyen bazara tare da maganin heteroauxin na 0.01% na awanni 16-24, sannan a rusa shi kuma a faɗi a cikin kwalin. Amma koda bayan irin wannan jiyya, ana kirkiro callus kawai a cikin fall, kuma tushen sa kawai ya bunkasa a shekara mai zuwa.
Yin amfani da Ledum a cikin Lambuna
Ledum na kowane nau'in - tsire-tsire masu matukar kyau da ban sha'awa. Dasa a cikin lambu, koyaushe za su ƙawata shi. Kamshin sabon ganye da rassan furem fure da kwari-jini tsotsa, yana kare furs da ulu daga kwari. Bugu da kari, zasu kare ka, saboda abubuwan da ganyayyakinsu suka fito dasu suna kashe kwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa ga mutane. Kuma wãne ne ya sani, watakila a nan gaba magani zai ce godiya ga yanayi domin ƙirƙirar wannan "insidious" shrub kuma Ya gãfarta masa domin da giya Properties.
Hankali! A lokacin furanni, yana fitar da abubuwa a cikin iska, wanda a cikin adadi mai yawa suna da mummunar illa ga mutane (ciwon kai). Ba wai kawai shuka ita kanta mai guba ba ce, har ma da zuma wadda aka tattara daga furanninta (wacce ake kira da zuma "wanda aka bugu", wanda ba za a iya cin abinci ba tare da tafasa ba). Saboda haka, kodayake wasu marubutan sun danganta wannan shuka zuwa ornamental, mutum ya kamata yayi tunani game da ko ya cancanci girma a cikin gonar Heather ko a'a.
Ganyen fure © J BrewMagungunan magani na Ledum
Tsire-tsire suna ɗauke da ɗaukacin hadaddun abubuwa masu aiki, wanda ke ƙayyade bambancin tasirin tasirinsu ga jiki baki ɗaya. Sabili da haka, yana da matukar wuya a raba tsirrai zuwa cikin expectorant, antitussive, bronchodilators, da sauransu. A cikin mutane, ana daukar Ledum kusan magani ne na duniya. Yana da maganin antispasmodic, expectorant, diaphoretic, diuretic, disinfectant, analgesic, narcotic da sedative Properties, yana da diuretic, antimicrobial aiki.
Hankali! Itace mai guba. Kai magani yana barazanar rikitarwa har ma da haɗari ga rayuwa.
A cikin magungunan jama'a, ana amfani da Rosemary don cututtukan numfashi; mashako, cututtukan mahaifa, laryngitis, huhu, mura, amai, amai, amai, amai, da cizon macizai da kwari. Yana biyun cututtukan ciki, cututtukan ciki, cututtukan mahaifa. Hakanan ana amfani dashi don maganin cututtukan hanta, zazzabi, cystitis, pyelitis, urethritis.
Ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin nau'i na wanka da lotions don lura da cututtukan waje (eczema, frostbite, boils, scabies), cututtukan ido, cututtukan fata na yau da kullun, gout, osteochondrosis, amosanin gabbai. Yana da tasiri mai kyau game da tarin fuka, cutar sankara da ciwan kansa.
Amfani da harbe-fure na fure-fure a cikin hanyar jiko a matsayin kayan aiki wanda ke rikitar da jijiyoyin jini, yana inganta jini, da rashin bacci. Ikon daji na fure-fure don saukar karfin jini a matsakaici. Marasa lafiya suna jure da romanary sosai koda da tsawan amfani; baya haifar da cutarwa mai guba.
Daga harbe-fure na fure-fure na daji, ana shirya ledin shiri don kasuwanci azaman maganin rashin nasara, bronchodilator. Ledum mai mahimmanci yana da kayan narkewa wanda ake amfani dashi wajen samar da giya da vodka.
Me yasa, da farko, game da gabobin numfashi? Mahimman mai na Ledum (anise, elecampane, Mint, Pine buds) suna da tasiri sosai akan ƙwayoyin mucous na hanji. Kwarewar jama'a da kwarewar amfani da kayan fure don kula da gabobin jiki na da matukar arziki.
Nau'in Ledum
Aikin Marsh (Ledum palustre, ko Rhododendron tomentosum)
Ledum marsh yana yadu cikin yanayi kuma galibi ana samun shi ta al'ada. Mutane suna kiransa: bagun, bagula, cobweb, allahn, cobweb, bogun, marsh hemlock, wuyar warwarewa, kwaro, oregano, oregano, cannabis, cannabis swamp, manyan kwari, ciyawar kwari, ciyawa, wawa, rowan daji.
Gida na Ledum na kwari Arctic, Gabas ta Gabas ta Turai, Yammaci da Gabas Siberiya, Yammaci, Arewa, Kudancin Turai, Mongolia ta arewa, Arewa maso gabashin China, Koriya, Arewacin Amurka. Yana girma a cikin tundra da tundra-tundra a kan bogs peat, a kan kuzarin girma, a cikin kwalliyar daji mai laushi, tare da koguna da koguna, a cikin tsaunuka masu yawa, a cikin rukuni, a cikin kananan ciyayi, tsakanin gandunan itacen al'ul.
Ledum marsh (Ledum palustre). O Raino LampinenRummary bishiyar bishiyoyi ne mai matukar karen itace wanda yakai 50 zuwa 120 cm, tsayayyun harbe yana rufe da kazamar “m”. Girman dutsen a cikin shekarun tsufa ya kai mita 1. Ganyayyaki suna lanceolate, duhu, m, da kamshi. A gefuna cikin ganyayyaki an kulle su sosai. Furannin furanni (har zuwa 1.5 cm a diamita) fararen fata ne, marasa galihu masu launin ruwan hoda, mai kamshi, a cikin laima mai dumbin yawa (Mayu-Yuni). Akwatin 'ya'yan itace yana buɗe tare da fuka-fuki guda biyar. Tsaba ya girma a tsakiyar watan Agusta. Tushen na sama ne, tare da mycorrhiza.
Greenland fure (Ledum groenlandicum)
Gida na asali na Ledum na Greenland shine yankuna arewa da yamma na Arewacin Amurka. Girma a cikin peat bogs. Yana da wuya a cikin al'ada, akasarinsu a cikin tarin lambunan Botanical na St. Petersburg, Riga, a Kanada, Amurka, Jamus da Switzerland.
Greenland rhododendron (Rhododendron groenlandicum), ko Greenland Rosemary (Ledum groenlandicum). MeggarA halin yanzu, a cikin taxonomy, jinsin an san shi da Rhododendron greenland (Rhododendron groenlandicum) A baya can, an sanya nau'in ga jinsin halittar Bagulnik (Ledum) kuma sunan shi Ledum na Greenland (Ledum groenlandicum), a cikin wallafe-wallafen harshen Rasha, an san nau'ikan halittar a ƙarƙashin wannan sunan.
Ganyen fure ne na fure har zuwa mita 1 tsayi, tare da ganyayyaki masu tsoka (har zuwa tsawon cm 2.5), furen furanni (har zuwa 1.5 cm a diamita), wanda aka tattara a cikin laima mai siffa mara nauyi. Yana fure daga tsakiyar Yuni zuwa shekaru goma na biyu na Yuli. Tsaba ya girma a ƙarshen Satumba. Girma yana da matsakaici. Daga ƙarshen Yuli har zuwa kaka mai sanyi akwai wasu lokuta na haɓaka na sakandare saboda wanda, tabbas, ƙarshen matasa harbe basu da lokaci zuwa ɗauka cikakke kuma daskare. Koyaya, wannan bai shafi bayyanar ado ba.
Ledum yana talla ko Ledum yayi sujada (Ledum decumbens)
Gida na Ledum Creeping: Gabashin Siberiya, Gabas ta Tsakiya: Chukotka, Kamchatka, Okhotia, Sakhalin, Arewacin Arewacin Amurka, Greenland. Yana girma a cikin bishiyoyi masu girma a tsaunukan dutse masu sanyi, a kan tsaunukan yashi, rairayin ruwa, cikin dazuzzukan itacen al'ul na dwarf, a kan tsauni tsaunin sphagnum, tsaunin dutse.
Abinda ke tafe da Ledum ko Ledum yayi sujada (Ledum decumbens). Mara nauyiBishiyar Evergreen 20-30 cm tsayi. Yana blooms ba sauƙi, amma a kowace shekara daga shekaru goma na biyu na Mayu zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuni. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a cikin lokaci-lokaci. Tsaba ya girma a ƙarshen watan Agusta. Girma a hankali, girman shekara na kusan 1 cm.
Babban Ledum (Ledum macrophyllum)
Bagulnik ta zama babban birki: Gabas ta Siber, Gabas ta Tsakiya: Sakhalin, Primorye, kwarin kogin Amur; Koriya ta Arewa, Japan (Hokkaido). Ya girma a cikin zurfin kwari na gandun daji coniferous, a cikin sphagnum bogs, tare da karkata daga shinge na dutse a tsakanin babban yanki na Heather bushes.
Rhododendron Tolmacheva (Rhododendron tolmachevii), ko Lentum macrophylla (Ledum macrophyllum). Ss Ross BaytonBabban fure-fure ne wanda aka bayyana, wanda A.I. Tolmachev ya bayyana a cikin 1953, ana ɗauka daidai ne ga jinsin Rhododendron Tolmachev (Rhododendron tolmachevii).
Ledum yana da manyan-tsatsaye - ɗanyen daji mai ɗaukar hoto har zuwa tsayi 1.3. Yana blooms profusely daga rabin na biyu na Mayu zuwa farkon shekaru goma na Yuni. Tsaba ya girma a ƙarshen watan Agusta - farkon watan Satumba. Shekarar girma na 3-4 cm, da wuya 6-8 cm.
