Furen furanni Eustoma baƙi ne da ba kasafai ba a cikin lambunanmu. Littlean sau da yawa ana samun wannan shuka akan sills window. Dukda cewa ba'a kimanta shi ba, bai cancanta ba. Mafi m, matsalar ita ce cewa ya zuwa yanzu 'yan lambu masoya sani game da gaskiya kyau na eustoma ko ba su da ikon shuka shi a gida ko a gonar.
Akwai sunayen furanni da yawa. Wadanda suka fi yawan rikice su ne "Irish fure" da lisianthus. Kalmar ta tashi ba a zaman ta ba ce a cikin sunaye ba. A cikin halayenta na Botanical da tsarin furen eustoma suna da alaƙa da dangin Rosaceae.
Kodayake a zahiri yana cikin gidan da ba a raba shi da gidan giliyan a cikin ƙasarmu. Kuma wannan ba abin mamaki bane, tunda irin waɗannan tsire-tsire sun fi dacewa da yanayin canjin yanayin. Kasancewar kasarsu ana daukar Amurka ta Tsakiya. Suna gama gari a Australia, Argentina, Kudancin Amurka, da yankin bakin teku na Afirka. Lokacin girma eustoma a gida ko a gonar, yana da matukar muhimmanci a kula da yanayin microclimate da ya dace.
Photo eustomas da bayanin
Kalli hoton eustoma. kamar yadda abu ne mai sauki gani, kamannin waje zuwa ainihin fure abu ne bayyananne. Musamman idan ka kalli fure da furanni. An bambanta tsire da manyan launuka da terry. A cikin kwatancin kwatankwacin bayanin eustoma, akwai aƙalla 30 da aka sani da kuma nau'ikan iri iri. Waɗannan fararen launuka ne, shayi mai ruwan sha, shuɗi, ruwan hoda, mai ruwan hoda, shuɗi, shuɗi, ruwan lemo, da launuka masu launin rawaya mai shinge. Siffar takardar ya zama al'ada a cikin nau'ikan ruɓi da bakin da aka rufe. A cikin yanayin girma, an rufe ganyen tare da bakin ciki na kayan mai da kuma ɗaukar ɗanɗano mai ɗan haske.
Dogaro da yanayin girma, eustoma na iya isa tsayin daka mai girma har zuwa cm 75. Kodayake ana yawan ganin ƙaramin tsayin daji a cikin al'adun tukunya. Matsakaicin tsaran tsintsiya na eustoma a cikin tukunya ya kai cm 25. Don samun kyakkyawan tsari na daji, ya kamata a yanke lisianthus daidai daidai don samar da kambi kuma a sami ƙarin ƙwaya.
A cikin bude ƙasa, yana da kyau a shuka ishan Irish na fure don yankan da kuma kayan bouquet. Don tsara ƙungiyar, rosaries da gadaje na fure, ana kuma amfani da siffofin mara ƙyalli. Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai kyau zaɓi don shimfidar shimfidar balconies, loggias da terraces.
Ya yarda da yanayin yanayi na bazara a tsakiyar Rasha. A cikin hunturu, tukwane da lisianthus ana canza su zuwa ciki. Tare da kulawa da ta dace, namo ba tare da dasawa ba zai yiwu tsawon shekaru 3 -5. Amma yana da kyau don sabunta tsire-tsire sau da yawa. Wannan yana samar da fure mai saurin girma da tsayi.
Yawan nau'ikan Eustoma da hotuna
Yawancin nau'ikan eustoma suna haihuwa kamar su ƙwaya da tsaba. Haka kuma, 'ya'yan eustoma suna riƙe da dukkan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan. A zahiri ba a cire maye gurbin ba. Kuna iya siyan tsaba na lishithus a kowane shagon fure na musamman. Muna ba ku bita wanda za mu yi magana game da manyan nau'ikan eustoma, hoton yana nuna wasu daga cikinsu.
Hybrids na jerin Kyoto F1
Froman bambanta daga jerin Kyoto suna cikin siffofin matasan F1. An bambanta su da launuka da launuka iri-iri. Waɗannan su ne, yafi ornamental shuke-shuke da manyan buds. Hankali ya cancanci nau'in "White Kyoto". An kwatanta shi da saurin girma da farkon fure. Tare da hanyar seedling girma, fure yana faruwa a tsakiyar watan Yuli. Babban farin inflorescences, ƙanshi mai ban mamaki da dacewa don yankan tsire.
Wanda ya fi kusa da shi shi ne Pikot Blue.
Daga jerin iri ɗaya, yana da daraja la'akari da irin nau'ikan jan eustomas. Waɗannan su ne "Picot Pink" da "Wine Red Picot." Babban bambanci shine babban tsayi mai tsayi da manyan kwallaye masu ƙanshi na inflorescences mai haske, cikakken launi ja. Duk nau'ikan jerin sun hada da tsire-tsire marasa tsire-tsire.
Sauran nau'ikan eustoma marasa amfani
Ci gaba da sake nazarin nau'ikan nau'ikan eustoma na iya jerin "Mermaid". Waɗannan nau'ikan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta ne na F1. Sun bambanta da launukan launukan launuka iri-iri. Lilac mafi ban sha'awa, violet, tabarau mai ruwan hoda. Idan kana son girma eustoma rawaya, to, ka kula da iri-iri na Twinky. Waɗannan hybrids F1 tare da kyawawan kaddarorin kayan ado. Akwai rawaya iri-iri da farin lisithus mai ban mamaki. akwai kuma tsire-tsire masu furanni masu launin shuɗi da ruwan hoda.
Terry iri na eustoma
Da ke ƙasa akwai nau'in nau'in terry na eustoma. Don lambuna da gida girma, muna bada shawara cewa ku sayi tsaba na iri iri na Cinderella. Wadannan hybrids F1 a cikin kunshin guda ɗaya suna wakiltar tsire-tsire masu shuka tare da tabarau masu launi daban-daban. Wataƙila ana iya samun farin dusar fari ko daskararre, leda mai launin shuɗi.
Idan kun fi son kowane launi ɗaya, to, zaku iya ganin ƙwayoyin eustoma daga jerin "Echo", "Champagne", "Pink Picoti". Dukansu suna rarrabe ta tsarkakakken launi da aka nuna a cikin bayani, kyakkyawan germination da kyakkyawan kyakkyawan fure tsawon lokaci.
Girma eustoma daga tsaba
A cikin yanayinmu, yana da kyau a shuka eustoma daga tsaba. A saboda wannan, a mafi yawan lokuta, har ma don ƙasa mai kariya, ana amfani da hanyar seedling. Yana hanzarta tsarin fure da kuma siyar da kayan sayar da tsire-tsire.
Tsarin Eustoma ya girma a cikin ƙananan kwalaye, waɗanda aka kafa a wurin gadon filawa bayan tsire-tsire sun yi fure. Suna da ƙanana, amma, duk da wannan, tare da ingantaccen fasahar aikin gona, shuka yana ba da damar sauri da abokantaka.
Saukowar eustoma an yi shi ne a cikin ƙasar da aka riga aka shirya tare da haske da tsarin lush. Ba a yarda wani hada hadadden kayan aiki ba. M yada tsaba a kan dukkan saman kasar gona. Karka rufe su da duniya ta kowane hali. Moistauki saman saman murfin feshi da murfin akwati da gilashi ko jakar filastik mai yawa. Yanzu don saurin bayyanar abubuwan 3 abubuwan zasu zama mahimmanci. Wannan isasshen haske, isasshen ruwa da zazzabi da ya dace. Abubuwan da ke shigowa suna fitowa da sauri cikin yanayin ƙasa sama da digiri 23 Celsius. Amma kar a overheat da tukunya. A zazzabi na digiri 30, mutuwar zuriya na iya faruwa. Matsakaicin lokacin germin shine kwanaki 14. Wani lokaci yana iya zuwa kwanaki 21 ko ƙurarewa har zuwa kwanaki 10.
Bayan fitowan, yana da muhimmanci mu gudanar da tauraron hankali. Bayan kimanin kwanaki 5, kuna buƙatar yau da kullun don karɓar seedlings zuwa ga iska. A ranar farko, tsawon lokacin wanka a cikin minti 10. Sannan muna ƙara minti 10 a kowace rana. Lokacin da wannan lokacin ya kai 3 hours, ana iya kiyaye tsire-tsire ba tare da rufin fim ba.
Wata hanyar fasahar aikin gona don tsirar da eustoma daga tsaba ita ce lokacin tara seedlingsan lokaci. Ana yin wannan ne a daidai lokacin da seedlings suka kai tsayin 2 - 2.5 cm. Don dasa shuki a cikin tukunya daban, ana ɗaukar dam ɗin 3 ko 5. Don nutse na farko, yana da kyau a yi amfani da tukwane na peat tare da diamita na har zuwa cm 5. Bayan dasawa a cikin kwanaki 5 na farko, kiyaye tsirrai a cikin inuwa, ruwa mai yalwa da kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
Ana aiwatar da juyawa zuwa wuri na dindindin lokacin da tushe yayi tsawon cm 10. Saboda wannan, ana amfani da wata hanyar yardar, lokacin da yake da matukar muhimmanci don tabbatar da amincin earthen da dunƙule mai tushe. A cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, ana shuka eustoma a lokacin da zazzabi na yanayi ko da dare ya tashi a kusan digiri 18 Celsius.
Lokacin dasa shuki tsirrai don buɗe ƙasa, shimfidar ƙasa ko yin kwalliyar baranda, yana da mahimmanci don lissafta lokacin furanni daidai. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, nau'ikan nau'ikan eustomas suna halin dangin lokacin balaga. Suna farawa bayan watanni 4-5 bayan fitowar su. Sabili da haka, don yin ado da baranda a watan Yuni, ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa an dasa eustoma a ƙarshen Janairu. Don buɗe ƙasa, ana shuka tsire-tsire don tsire-tsire a tsakiyar Fabrairu. Kuma don girma eustoma a gida, zaka iya amfani da kowane lokaci don shuka iri.
Girma eustoma a gida
Eustoma na gida yana girma kamar tsararren shuka, wanda ke buƙatar takamaiman tsarin kulawa a duk lokacin girma. Kawai tare da taimakon dabarun agrotechnical right na iya samun mutum kyakkyawan fure mai tsayi
Don girma eustoma a gida, ana amfani da hanyar seedling. An bayyana shi a sama. Bayan nutse na farko, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane da suka dace a cikin tsari da girma. Zai dace a yi la'akari da cewa lisianthus bashi da madaidaicin tsarin tushen. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar m kwantena. A lokacin da dasawa, yi ƙoƙari kada ku cutar da asalin sa. Ana sanya magudanar a kasan tukunyar a cikin nau'i na ƙona pebbles, polystyrene da aka yanka ko tsakuwa mai kyau, Boiled tsawon minti 30.
Itace baya girma kuma ya mutu idan an sanya shi a kan windowsill kai tsaye sama da batirin dumama na tsakiya. A wannan yanayin, don rama don rashin ƙarfin zafi kawai za'a iya yi ta hanyar fesa tsire-tsire akai-akai. Dole ne a yi wannan aƙalla sau 3 a rana. A wannan yanayin, saukad da ruwa ya kamata kada ya fadi a kan buds da sassan fure. Zasu iya lalacewa kuma su faɗi daga wannan.
Ba ya yarda da lisianthus a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye. Wannan inji fi son m inuwa da kuma yaduwar ultraviolet haskoki. A gida, girma eustomas yana ba da kyakkyawan sakamako yayin sanya tukwane a kan windows da yamma windows.
Ya kamata a aiwatar da takin ƙasa tare da takin ma'adinai bisa ga jadawalin musamman. A lokacin girma kore taro, babban adadin kwayoyin halitta da nitrogen ake bukata. A farkon ƙaddamar da fure na fure, yana da mahimmanci don ƙara yawancin potassium da mahaɗan ma'adinai na phosphorus-wuri. A cikin bazara da bazara, ana yin sutturar miya sau ɗaya a mako. A cikin hunturu da hutawa - aƙalla lokaci 1 a kowane wata.
Amfani da wata hanyar sirri, cire duk wani iri da ke tsiro da kuma hanyoyin da suka dace. Suna tsoma baki tare da saka sauran hanyoyin. Don dasa shuki da dasawa, yi amfani da ƙasa da aka tsara don violet. Wannan shine mafi kyawun tsarin ƙasa don haɓakar eustoma a gida.
Watering ya kamata a za'ayi sosai a hankali. Wannan inji shi ne quite whimsical ga ƙasa danshi. Yana da muhimmanci cewa duniya ta kasance da rudani koyaushe, amma ba ruwa ba. Don shayarwa, yi amfani da ruwa kawai wanda ya daidaita kwana ɗaya. Yana yiwuwa a ƙara 3 - 5 saukad da ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami a kowace lita 1 na ruwa. Wannan dabara tana inganta mafi kyawun amfani da abubuwan gina jiki ta tushen tsarin kuma yana hana sakin gishiri a cikin tsarin ƙasa.
