A shekara ta broccoli amfanin gona nasa ne da kabeji da kuma shi ne respecies na farin kabeji. Duk da gaskiyar cewa wannan kayan lambu ya bayyana akan gadaje na gida kusa da kwanan nan kuma ana ɗaukar matukar m, yana da ƙamus kuma an dace sosai don yin girma a cikin yanayin yanayin gida.
Iri-iri na Kabeji
A bayyanar, broccoli yana kama da farin kabeji. Yana da daskararren kai, wanda ya kunshi inflorescences, wanda aka ci.
Akwai manyan nau'ikan broccoli guda biyu:
- na yau da kullun;
- bishiyar asparagus.
Mafi yawan abin da aka saba shine na yau da kullun, wanda aka kafa kansa guda a cikin cibiyar akan karami mai kauri.
Tsarin bishiyar bishiyar asparagus yana samar da mai tushe da yawa tare da ƙananan kawuna.
A cikin duka akwai nau'ikan sama da ɗari a duniya, ana ciyar da ma'aurata biyu a Rasha.
Abubuwan buƙatun don zazzabi, zafi da ƙasa
Broccoli kabeji yana buƙatar akan haske da zafi. Nunin danshi na ƙasa - 75%, iska - 85%. Kayan lambu ba mai kulawa sosai ga yanayin zafi da ƙasa: yana jure daskarewa har zuwa -7 ºC, baya buƙatar aski kan kansa. Yanayin da ya fi dacewa shine kewayon zafin jiki na 16-25 ºC.
Al'adar fi son sako-sako da, alkaline dan kadan da tsaka-tsakin kasa. An ba da shawarar yin haɓaka shi a cikin wuraren da a bara akwai dankali, karas, legumes. Magabata marasa kyau sune radish, turnip, radish, kabeji, tumatir. An ba da shawarar dasa broccoli a cikin guda wuraren a baya fiye da shekaru 4.
Shuka seedlings da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa a buɗe
Tsaba da aka zaɓa don dasa an gurbata a cikin mafita na manganese na rabin sa'a. Sannan a wanke su a cikin ruwan sanyi. Wannan hanya za ta taimaka a nan gaba don magance mafi yawan cututtukan cututtuka. Don haɓakar kwayar kwaro da haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa, ana kula da tsaba tare da Agat-25, Albit, El-1 ko makamancin haka.
Hanyar seedling girma broccoli an dauki mafi inganci. Kayan lambu yana zuwa na ƙarshen amfanin gona, lokacin dasa shi ma ya yi latti. A wannan batun, babu buƙatar shuka seedlings a cikin ɗakunan mai zafi. Lokacin shuka iri daga ƙarshen Afrilu zuwa farkon Mayu. Idan ba a kafa yanayin dumi a wannan lokacin ba, to ya isa ya rufe su da tsare. Dive broccoli kabeji an yi shi a cikin makonni biyu. Bayan wani mako, 'yan seedlings sun fara fushi, sannu a hankali suna buɗe damar samun iska, iska da rana.
Broccoli kabeji ana shuka shi ne a cikin ƙasa buɗe bayan kwanaki 30-45, lokacin da aka kafa ganye na gaskiya na shida akan tsire-tsire. Ana shirya mafi kyawun gadaje a gaba. Ana aiwatar da iyakancewa a cikin kaka, kuma an gabatar da takin mai magani: taki, superphosphate, nitrate potassium. Don iyakance, ƙwancen ƙwai na ƙasa sun dace sosai. Ana iya haduwa da gadaje nan da nan kafin dasa shuki. Manyan riguna na rigakafi da matsalar karancin abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ƙasa.
Zai fi kyau dasa bishiyoyi a cikin ƙasa a cikin girgije mai duhu ko da yamma lokacin da ayyukan rana ke kan raguwa. Tsarin saukowa 40x60 cm.
An cire ramuka cikin zurfin isa: yawancin tushe lokacin girbi ya kamata ya kasance ƙarƙashin matakin gado. Kamar yadda takin zamani ke ƙara ash, takin da garin dolomite. Tsire-tsire suna zurfafa da kusan 1 cm. Yayin da suke girma, suna ƙara ƙasa a cikin ramuka har sai sun kasance daidai da matakin gado.
Broccoli Kula da Kabeji
Kulawa don broccoli ya hada da weeding, shayarwa, ciyarwa, sarrafa kwaro. Wannan shawarar ta al'ada mai ban sha'awa ana bada shawarar a shayar da ita kowace kwana 2, kuma a cikin yanayi mai zafi, ya kamata a kara yawan ban ruwa zuwa sau 2 a rana. Tsarin ƙasa mai laushi mai zurfi tare da zurfin kusan 15 cm ya kamata a kiyaye koyaushe .. Zai fi dacewa ruwa shi da yamma. Bayan kowace ban ruwa, an kwance ƙasa don hana lalacewar tushen.
Broccoli kabeji amsa da tabbaci ga saman miya. An ba da shawarar da za'ayi su ko da kasar ta hadu da kyau. Ana amfani da rigar farko ta daga dabbar saniya (1:10) ko tsinkayen tsuntsu (1:20) bayan an dasa tushen tsire-tsire. Na biyu ana yi bayan sati biyu. Na uku an yi shi da farkon samuwar inflorescences. A gare ta, zaka iya amfani da abubuwan da ke biye (dangane da tsire-tsire 10):
- ruwa - 10 l;
- superphosphate - 40 g;
- nitonium nitrate - 20 g;
- potassium sulfate - 10 g.
Bayan yanke na shugaban tsakiyar, a kaikaice mai tushe tare da inflorescences fara farawa akan shuka, wanda zai zama babban ƙari ga amfanin gona. Don ƙarfafa ci gaban su, yi amfani da bayani mai zuwa:
- ruwa - 10 l;
- potassium sulfate - 30 g;
- superphosphate - 20 g;
- nitonium nitrate - 10 g.
Kyakkyawan ƙari ga saman miya shine ash ash da nettle tincture.
Babban kwaro na al'adu shine ƙuruciya mai ƙarewa. Yana iya bayyana nan da nan a fannin dasa broccoli a cikin ƙasa a buɗe. Za'a iya kiyaye ƙananan tsire-tsire ta hanyar rufe su da wani laushi na bakin ciki wanda ba a saka ba. A lokacin girma na kabeji, broccoli yayi amfani da shiri na Iskra don sarrafa kwaro, amma ana iya amfani dashi kawai kafin samuwar inflorescences. Measuresarin matakai sun sauko don yayyafa tsire tare da cakuda itacen ash da ƙurar taba ko fesa waɗannan abubuwan tare da jiko.
Girbi da ajiya
Lokacin girma broccoli, ya wajaba don tabbatar da cewa bai ƙeta ba, kuma yanke shugaban har sai furanni rawaya sun bayyana. In ba haka ba, kayan lambu ba su dace da cin abinci ba. An datse tsakiyar lokacin da ya isa tsayin cm 10. An cire inflorescences tare da kara. Kamar farin kabeji, saman sa yana da dadi kuma yana da daɗi. Girbi ya fi kyau da safe don hana tsire-tsire daga bushewa a rana. Yawancin nau'ikan da aka girbe a cikin bazara basu dace da ajiyayyun lokaci ba. Hanya daya tilo da zaka iya kubutar dasu shine daskarewa. Amma amfanin gona da aka girba a cikin tsakiyar kaka za'a iya adanar shi a cikin firiji ko cellar a zazzabi mai sifiri na kimanin watanni 3.
Bayan yankan kai, kar a yi hanzarin cire shuka daga cikin lambu. A kansa, inflorescences a kaikaice tare da kananan kawuna har yanzu ana kafa su. Ci gaban su zai ɗauki kimanin wata guda. Idan an girbe amfanin gona a lokacin rani, to ban da shi tabbas tabbas ne. Amma samuwar a kaikaice tafiyar matakai a cikin fall mai yiwuwa ne, saboda da ikon broccoli tolerates kananan frosts. Tsire-tsire suna tsirowa koda kuwa an tsage su daga ƙasa kuma suna kwance akan gadaje.
