Adenium

Adenium shuka (Adenium) wakilin dangin Kutrov ne. Wannan kwayar halittar tana dauke da nau'ikan 5. Ana samun wannan rawar cikin yanayi a cikin Tsakiyar da Afirka ta Kudu. A cikin yanayi na ɗakin, irin waɗannan ƙananan bishiyoyi ko tsintsiya suna isa tsayinsa game da 0.35 m. Gangar jikin wannan fure mai kauri. Fuskar faranti mai zane mai kauri ne. An narkar da manyan furanni da fararen launuka ko launin rasberi duhu. Mutanen suna da irin wannan shuka suna da wasu sunaye da yawa, mafi mashahuri shine "Desert Rose", saboda wannan fure yana da kama da fure.

Short bayanin girma

1. Gudun ruwa. Yana fure a cikin watan Afrilu-Yuli kuma a watan Satumba-Oktoba, amma a wasu halayen yakan wuce watanni 6.
2. Haske. Yana buƙatar hasken rana mai haske.
3. Yanayin Zazzabi. A lokacin girma mai girma - daga digiri 25 zuwa 30, lokacin dormancy - daga digiri 12 zuwa 15.
4. Watse. Ana aiwatar da shi kawai bayan cakuda ƙasa ya bushe.
5. Jin zafi. Ya kamata a ƙara girma, musamman yayin ci gaba mai ƙarfi.
6. Taki. Suna ciyar da lokacin girma tsawon lokaci 1 a cikin makonni 4, saboda wannan suna amfani da takin mai ma'adinai don tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
7. Lokacin hutawa. A watan Nuwamba-Maris.
8. Juyawa Ya kamata a sake dasa kananan bushes a kowace shekara, da manya kawai lokacin da ake buƙata.
9. Mixasa hadewa. Dyasa mai haɓaka da aka haɗe tare da yalwataccen yumɓu ko tare da tubalin da aka fashe
10. Kiwo. Hanyar samar da tsoma (iri) ko ciyawar: itace, grafting ko layering.
11. Cututtuka masu cutarwa. Scabies, mealybugs, gizo-gizo fata.
12. Cututtuka. Al'adar tana da tsayayya da cuta. Koyaya, daji na iya fara yin rashin ɗanɗano saboda zayyanawa, raguwa cikin zafin jiki da canjin yanayi kwatsam.
13. Gidaje. Ruwan ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai guba.

Kulawar Adenium a gida

Haske

Lokacin girma adenium a gida, yana buƙatar hasken rana mai haske, amma baya buƙatar inuwa. Dangane da wannan, yana da kyau a sanya shi a kan taga na hanyar kudu. Bayan ƙarshen lokacin hunturu, lokacin da babu isasshen haske, daji zai buƙaci saba da hasken rana kai tsaye, in ba haka ba ƙone na iya kasancewa akan asalinta. Dole ne a hado wani fure idan hasken rana kai tsaye ya sauka akan sa sama da awanni 5 a rana.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Lokacin girma irin wannan amfanin gona a gida, a lokacin rani yana buƙatar samar da zazzabi daki na digiri 25-30. Masana sun ba da shawarar tura adenium zuwa titi a lokacin bazara, inda ake buƙatar saka shi a wurin da ke da amintaccen kariya daga ruwan sama.

Domin furen ya fara wani yanayi mai lalacewa, ya wajaba a runtse yawan zafin jiki, tare da rage tsawon lokacin haske. A wannan lokacin, ganye ya zama mai launin toka kuma ya tashi kewaye. A cikin hunturu, a cikin dakin da yake inda fure yake, yawan zafin jiki kada ya zama ya zama ƙasa da digiri 10, yayin da a lokaci guda yana jin mafi kyawun zafin jiki na digiri 12-15. Tabbatar cewa tushen bai yi sanyi ba, in ba haka ba daji na iya mutu.

Yadda ake ruwa

A lokacin da kula da wata fure girma a gida, ya kamata a tabbatar dace watering. Ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar kai tsaye bayan substrate a cikin tanki ya bushe gaba ɗaya. A cikin hunturu, watering ya zama mai ƙarancin da wuya. Idan a cikin hunturu ana adenium a cikin zafin jiki na digiri na 15-20, to, ana shayar da shi kawai bayan substrate ya bushe gaba ɗaya. Idan daji ya cika overwinters a cikin mai sanyaya wuri, ba a cika yin ruwa sosai ko an daina tsayawa gaba daya. Matasa bushes bukatar shayar kamar yadda a hankali. Yaushe ne a cikin bazara daji ya fara girma a karon farko, zai bukaci a shayar da shi kwanaki 15-20 bayan da buds suka bayyana kuma daji ya fara girma.

Fesa

A cikin tsawon girma, da bushes bukatar a moistened da lafiya sprayer. Bayan an fara fure, bushes yana buƙatar a jika shi a hankali, tunda ruwa bai kamata ya kasance a saman fure ba.

Ciyar da Adenium

Ciyar da adenium ana aiwatar da shi a cikin bazara, bazara kuma a farkon lokacin kaka, suna yin wannan fiye da lokaci 1 cikin makonni 4. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da takin gargajiya don tsirrai na cikin gida, yayin da maida hankali ne mafita ya zama daga kashi 1.5 zuwa 2.

Mai jan tsami

Pruning na bushes ne da za'ayi ne kawai idan ya cancanta, kuma suna yin wannan kawai a cikin bazara. Don samar da daji a cikin nau'i na itace, kuna buƙatar rage rassan gefen by 1/3 na tsawon. Don samar da daji, yanke shi a ƙasa. Samuwar adenium yana ɗaukar tsawon lokaci daidai, kuma yana da rikitarwa, amma idan an yi komai daidai kuma a kan kari, sakamakon zai zama mai ban sha'awa.

Juyawa

Yaran tsire-tsire ana dasa su a kullun a cikin bazara, kuma ana ba da samfurori na manya ga wannan hanyar kawai idan ya cancanta. Masana sun ba da shawarar zaɓi tukunya mai launi mai haske don dasa, wannan zai taimaka kare tsarin tushen daga yawan zafi. Don dasa shuki na manya, an zaɓi babba da ƙananan kwantena. Bayan dasawa, daji ya kamata a shayar da shi kawai bayan kwanaki 4-6, a cikin wane lokaci tushen zai sami lokacin bushewa.

Yaƙin ya kamata ya zama sako-sako, kuma ya kamata ya ƙunshi turf da ƙasa mai ganye, da yashi mara nauyi (1: 1: 1), shima ƙaramin gawayi ya kamata a saka masa. Cakuda ƙasa don dasa shuki a cikin manya yakamata ya haɗa da ƙasar turf mai yawa, an kuma ƙara tubalin ƙarfe a ciki. Kar a manta yin kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa a kasan tukunyar.

Mutsi

Irin wannan shuka ya ƙunshi ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai guba, a wannan batun, bayan an gama aiki da shi, kuna buƙatar wanke hannuwanku sosai da sabulu. Ya kamata furen ya tsaya a wani wuri wanda ba shi yiwuwa ga dabbobi da yara. Idan ka yanke shawarar yin ado gidanku da adenium, to ya kamata a ɗauki wannan tare da duk alhakin don hana guba.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Girma adenium daga tsaba

Tare da ajiyar ajiya na tsawon lokaci, ƙwayoyin adenium sun rasa ƙarfin germination, a wannan batun, sabo tsaba kawai ya kamata a yi amfani dasu don shuka. An shuka su a cikin hunturu na ƙarshe ko makonni farkon bazara.

Akwatin ta cika da kwandon shara wanda ya ƙunshi gawayi, yashi da sinadarai. Tsaba suna buƙatar shirye-shiryen shuka kafin shuka, don wannan an sanya su a cikin minti 30 a cikin maganin mafitar potassium, sannan kuma an adana su awanni da yawa a cikin maganin dumi na Zircon. Dole ne a rarraba iri a farfaɗar simintin, sannan kuma an rufe su da farin ciki na cakuda ƙasa. An sanya filayen a cikin wurin dumi (daga digiri 33 zuwa 35), bayan sati daya seedlings zai bayyana. Idan albarkatun gona suna cikin wuri mai sanyaya, to, ƙwayoyin na iya bayyana daga baya ko wannan ba zai faru ba ko kaɗan. Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka bayyana, za su buƙaci a kunna su tare da fitilun mai kyalli, za su kuma buƙaci tabbatar da samun iska ta yau da kullun, yayin da yawan zafin jiki na cikin dakin ya kamata ya zama aƙalla digiri 18.

Bayan an kafa faranti na ganye na farko biyu a cikin fure, sannu a hankali ana kulawa da matsayin samfuran manya. Kuma lokacin da aka samar da fararen ganye 2 da yawa, ya kamata a ɗaukar seedlings a cikin kwantena.

Yankan

Sake bugun ta ta hanyar apical cutarwa tsari ne mai rikitarwa, saboda zasu iya jujjuya su. Ana yin yankan a lokacin bazara ko a bazara. Yankunan suna buƙatar rarrabasu zuwa sassa, tsawon abin da ya kamata yakai kimanin centimita 12-15, sannan suna buƙatar bushewa ta hanyar kula da yankan tare da gawayi. Don tushen ganyen, ya zama dole don amfani da perlite, cakuda yashi da gawayi ko ƙananan yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa. Wajibi ne a zuba yashi ko karamin gawayi a kusa da tushen wuya, don haka tushe daga tushe ba zai lalace ba. Yanke suna buƙatar hasken rana mai haske, yayin da yawan zafin jiki na iska kada ya kasance ƙasa da digiri 25. Bai kamata a yarda da gurɓatar ruwa ba. A yayin da aka gama komai daidai, ganyen zai ɗauki tushe bayan makonni 4 ko 5.

Yadda ake yaduwar Layering

A watan Mayu da Yuni, irin wannan maye za a iya yada shi ta hanyar sanya iska a cikin iska. Aauki wuka mai kaifi kuma yi amfani da shi don yin yanke madauwari a kan shoot (ciyawar ya kamata ya kai 20 mm a ƙasan). Bayan da shafin ya bushe, ya kamata a kula da shi tare da maganin samfurin da ke haifar da ci gaban tushe. Kunsa wannan wuri tare da gansaket ɗin sphagnum, wanda dole ne a rufe shi da saman olopque cellophane. Ka tuna da rigar zafi gansakuka. Bayan kimanin makonni 4, Tushen ya kamata ya bayyana, to, yadudduka sun rabu da shuka mahaifiyar kuma an dasa su a cikin kwandon cike da kayan maye wanda aka yi niyya don daji.

Alurar riga kafi yaduwa

Don yin rigakafin irin wannan al'ada, zaku iya amfani da wani adenium ko Oleander. Yi yanka a kan scion da rootstock tare da wuka mai kaifi sosai, sannan a haɗe su da juna, sannan tsire-tsire suna ɗaure da ƙarfi (zaku iya amfani da fesawa na musamman). Tabbatar cewa yawan zafin jiki na cikin dakin bai wuce digiri 30 ba, laima ya kamata ya zama mai tsayi, haka kuma kuna buƙatar haske mai haske. Dole ne a kiyaye sabon daji daga hasken rana kai tsaye, kuma tsirarwar da ta bayyana akan hannun jari ya kamata a yanke ta kai tsaye.

Cututtuka da kwari na adenium

Yellowing da tashi a kusa da ganye

Adenium zai iya fara rasa ganye saboda gaskiyar cewa dakin yana da sanyi sosai, ko an sanya shi cikin wani yanayi da ba a saba gani ba, kuma wannan na iya faruwa saboda daftarin. Don ajiye fure, dole ne ku fara kulawa da shi yadda ya kamata.

Fall of foliage a kaka ne dauke da al'ada al'ada, kamar yadda shuka shirya wa dormant zamani.

Cututtuka masu cutarwa

Irin wannan al'ada tana da tsayayya da kwari. Amma a wasu halaye, tan tarko, kwari masu kwari da mealybugs zasu iya tsayawa kan daji.

Daban-daban na adeniums tare da hotuna da sunaye

Adenium boehmianum

Wannan nau'in ya bambanta da sauran a cikin launi na furanni. A cikin furanni masu ruwan hoda-lilac ko furanni masu launin fari-mai-kyau, ƙwayar fatun-fulawa da bututun ƙarfe mai launin shuɗi ne.

Adenium multiflorum (Adenium multiflorum)

Tsawon daji kusan mita 2.5 ne. Kayan gangar jikin a saman yana zama da layi kamar lokaci. Furanni na wannan nau'in suna kama da furanni na adenium obsessum, amma akwai ƙari da yawa daga gare su.

Adenium obesum (obese) (Adenium fatum)

Tsawon irin wannan tsiro mai saurin girma kusan mita ɗaya da rabi. Ganyen mai launin toka-launin ruwan kasa a sashi na sama zai zama layi bayan ɗan lokaci. Tumbin launin launin shuɗi-launin shuɗi masu launin shuɗi suna girma a ƙarshen rassan, tsayin su shine santimita 10. A lokacin rani, inflorescences na corymbose ya bayyana, sun haɗa da fararen furanni, furanni ko furanni ruwan hoda, sun kai 60 mm a ƙasan.