Shallot: hotuna, iri, tukwici don girma da kulawa

Dangane da kwanan nan, shahararren shahararren shahararre ya zama sanannen tsakanin lambu saboda abubuwan da suka mallaka da halayyar haɓaka a cikin Urals da Siberiya. A cikin kasashen Turai, kusancin ƙasashen waje, a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Caucasus, suna ƙauna kuma suna girma da shi na dogon lokaci. Da farko dai ana ƙaunar shalloon saboda ƙanshi, bitamin, mai daɗi da ganye mai laushi, farkon balaga da tsananin hunturu. M, mai dadi, baya haifar da hawaye da bayar da albasa mai sauri da haɓaka mai girma shine mafarkin kowane mai lambu da ƙamshi.

Bayani da babban fa'idodin shallots

Wannan perennial herbaceous kwan fitila shuka. siffofin "iyali gida", sabili da haka, a cikin mutane ana kiransa "dangi". Bulbsan fashin da yake da elongated kaɗan suna da nauyin 20 zuwa 50 grams da sikeli na bakin ciki. Fuka-fuka-fukin akan shallot suna da laushi, bakin ciki da girma sosai latti.

Ba kamar albasa ba, sharan sharan yana ɗauke da ƙarin daskararru, saboda haka sun dace da bushewa. Har zuwa sabon amfanin gona, ana iya adana shi daidai cikin yanayin ɗakin.

Fa'idodin shallots:

1. Shallots sun dace da girma akan windowsill, kamar yadda ake samun kore da yawa daga ƙaramin tsire-tsire.
2. An ƙirƙiri yawan samfuri saboda yawan mazaunin giram na 150-300, wanda a ciki har zuwa kwararan fitila 10 na iya kafawa.
3. M da sauri m distillation.
4. An adana shi na dogon lokaci, alhali ba germinating ba.
5. Ba ya rasa halayensa na watanni 8-12.
6. Bushewa da wuri da kuma ganyayyaki suna kiyaye tsiron daga lalacewa ta hanyar mahaifa da peronosporosis.
7. Gidan shakatawa na abokantaka mai ban sha'awa a ƙarshen bazara yana ba ku damar samun albasarta mai kyau a cikin bazara.
8. Kwararan fitila suna da ɗanɗana lokacin girma kuma, a sakamakon haka, farkon farfadowa.

Kwararan fitila da sharananni suna ɗauke da su da yawa abubuwa masu amfani:

• abubuwan ma'adinai;
• ascorbic acid;
• mai mahimmanci;
• salts ma'adinai na baƙin ƙarfe, phosphate, alli, potassium;
• Bitamin B;
• maras tabbas;
• carotenoids.

Shallots suna da kayan abinci da wasu kayayyakin magani. Tare da taimakonsa, ana kula da wasu cututtukan ciki da na ido.

Iri daban-daban na shallot

Albasa iri daban-daban a dandano, digiri na Branching, launi na Sikeli da ripening.

Da wuri cikakke shallots

1. "Belozerets 94" - Itatuwan ya tsiro tsawon kwanaki 75-85, yana da kwararan fitila masu nauyin 20-27 g da dandano mai kaifi. Launin Sikeli shine shunayya, mai launin lilac. An ba da shawarar iri-iri don aikin namo a yankuna na Arewacin Caucasus.
2. "Kwandon Vitamin" - kwararan fitila suna da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci da nauyin 30 grams. Furen gashin tsuntsu na wannan nau'in ya girma a cikin kwanakin 18-22, masauki na ganye yana farawa kwanaki 70 bayan tsiro. Inganta ingancin yana da girma. Don samun gashin gashin tsuntsu a lokacin kaka-hunturu, ana iya shuka shuka a ɗaka.
3. Emerald - varietya varietyan itace mai yawa tare da ɗanɗano-kaifi, farin sikeli da kwan fitila mai zagaye. 3-4 kawuna suna girma a cikin gida, yawan kowane ɗayansu ya kai gram 22. A iri ne girma a matsayin al'adun biennial. Ana iya adanar shi ba tare da asarar inganci ba har zuwa watanni 10.
4. An bambanta nau'in "dangi" ta kwararan fitila masu tasowa har zuwa 4 a cikin gida, dandano mai kaifi mai ƙyalli da sikeli masu launin shuɗi. Girman kowane shugaban yana daga gram 18 zuwa 25. Girma a matsayin al'adun biennial. Cutar ba ta shafi.
5. "Cascade" - iri da ke da dandano mai kaifi da kwararan fitila masu dimbin yawa tare da sikelin ruwan hoda. An kirkiro shugabannin 5-6 a cikin gida, kowannensu na iya nauyin har 35 grams. A iri ne girma daga sevka a matsayin al'adun biennial. An adana shi na dogon lokaci ba tare da asarar kyawawan halaye ba.

Yankin tsakiyar-iri

1. Albik - iri daban-daban tare da lokacin ciyayi na kwanaki 62, yawan aiki mai inganci da ingancin ci gaba. Bulbsan fitila mai ɗauke da gwanaye na iya samun adadin zuwa 30 gram da sikeli mai rawaya. Daga kawuna 3 zuwa 8 yawanci ana kafa su a cikin gida.
2. "Bonnilla F 1" yana nufin nau'ikan da ke da ɗanɗano da ke da ɗanɗano kuma yana da lokacin girma na kwanaki 82-87. Fiye da shugabanni huɗu sun yi huɗa a cikin gida, ɗayan kowane ɗayan wanda zai iya zuwa gra 40. Yawancin yana ba da girbi mai kyau na kwararan fitila da ganye, an adana shi sosai kuma yana iya girma a wuri guda har zuwa shekaru biyar.
3. "Guarantor" wani yanki ne wanda yake da karsashi tare da kawuna masu kaurin zagaye da kuma lokacin yayi girma na kusan kwanaki 50. Taro na kwararan fitila, wanda a cikin gida daga guda 3 zuwa 10, na iya isa gram 32. An bada shawarar yin namo a cikin ƙasa buɗe da rufaffiyar ƙasa don karɓar kwararan fitila da ganye.
4. "Abin kunne" - Tumbin da yake da inganci tare da lokacin ciyayi har zuwa kwanaki 58. Daga 4 zuwa 10 kwararan fitila zagaye tare da taro na 25-40 grams an kafa su a cikin gida. Ana iya noma al'adu a kowane yanki. Daban-daban suna da tsayayya wa rot da harbi, an adana su kuma sun dace da tsabtace na inji.
5. "Chapaevsky" - shallo na amfanin duniya, lokacin girma wanda yake kwanaki 66. Bulbsan fitila da ke zagaye suna da taro na kimanin gra 40 da fitila masu launin shuɗi. 5-8 shugabannin an kafa su a cikin gida. Yawancin nau'in ba shi da matsala da peronosporosis, yana da kyau kuma an adana shi tsawon, ya dace da namo a yankin tsakiyar Black Earth.

Mid-marigayi shallots

1. "Sansanin soja" - wani nau'in tsiro mai ƙauna tare da kwararan fitila mai yalwa da lokacin ciyayi na kwanaki 80-95. Kwararan fitila waɗanda ke da nauyin gram 52 suna da sikeli masu ruwan hoda, suna da tsayayye wa rot da harbi. Babban kiyaye aji ya dace da dasa hunturu. Nagari don namo a dukkan yankuna na ƙasar.
2. "Siberian Amber" al'ada ce ta shekaru biyu da suka dace da haɓaka kan gonakin gidaje. Lokacin girma na iri iri ne kwanaki 55-60. Bulbsan fitila mai keɓaɓɓu suna da nauyin gram 28-30 da sikeli na tagulla. A cikin gida daga kwararan fitila 6 zuwa 8.
3. Ural Purple - wani sashin ƙasa mai lanƙwasa tare da ma'aunin launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Dace da girma albasa turnips. Girman kowane kai ya kai gram 58. A iri-iri propagates vegetatively, shi ne resistant zuwa rot da harbi. Nagari don namo a dukkan yankuna na ƙasar.

Siffofin girma shallots

Don yayi shuki, amfanin gona mai yawa, ƙasa mai friable tare da amsa tsaka tsaki ana buƙatar su. Gardenerswararrun lambu sun ba da shawarar dasa albasa bayan cucumbers, tumatir, dankali, kabeji ko legumes.

Kafin dasa shuki da kwararan fitila, ana bada shawara a ware da tsari cikin maganin kashe kwari. A wannan yanayin, tsire-tsire ba zai rasa kwari da cututtuka daban-daban.

Jere jerawa ya dogara da girman kayan abu:

• 20-30 cm don manyan kwararan fitila;
• 15-18 - na matsakaita;
• 8-10 - don ƙananan.

Sau da yawa, ba da shawarar dasa albasa ba, tunda girman amfanin gona na gaba ya dogara da yankin abinci mai gina jiki.

Kafin dasa, ana yin gadaje akan gadaje 5-6 cm furrows mai zurfiwanda ya zube sosai amma ba ya ɗaure. Itasassun kwararan fitila da aka yayyafa da santimita 2-3 na duniya. Lokacin dasa shuki, ya kamata a tuna cewa tare da zurfafa zurfafawa, fitowar 'yan seedlings za a jinkirta.

Dasa albasa a bazara

Ya kamata a dasa shallot a farkon bazara. Amfanin gona, wanda aka dasa a ƙarshen bazara ko kaka, ba ya yayyafa na dogon lokaci kuma ana adana talauci.

Mafi dacewa don saukowa shine ƙarshen Afrilu ko farkon Mayu. A wannan lokacin, ƙasar ta riga ta ɗora sosai kuma akwai isasshen danshi a ciki don seedlingsan itacen su ɗauki tushe. Harbi zai bayyana a cikin kwanaki 10-14.

Lokacin dasa shuki a ƙarshen bazara, lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe kuma zazzabi ta hauhawa, seedlings na iya bayyana ne kawai bayan kwanaki 20-30. A cikin ƙasa bushe a cikin yanayin zafi ganye girma da saurifiye da tushen, yanayin girma na hotoperiodic ya rikice, a sakamakon abin da kwararan fitila ba su da lokaci zuwa ripen.

Dasa albasa a bazara

Bayan zabar nau'in sanyi mai jure sanyi tare da karancin harbi, a shekaru na biyu ko na uku na Satumba zaku iya dasa shallots don hunturu.

Ab Adbuwan amfãni na dasa kaka:

• ajiya na kayan abu ba'a buƙata;
• kwatankwacin dasa shuki, kwararan fitila sun yi fari a farkon kwanaki 10-12;
• tsire-tsire waɗanda aka kafe a damuna don amfanin gonar damuna mai kyau sosai;
• girbi na ganye yana yiwuwa a farkon rabin Yuni.

Kulawar Shallot

A al'adar ba ya bukatar m ruwa. A cikin yanayin bushewa, ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa an shayar da albasa lokacin da harbe-harbe ya bayyana, wato, a ƙarshen Mayu. A matsakaici, ba a buƙatar fiye da waterings uku a kowace kakar.

A cikin lokacin girma aiki tsakanin layuka ya kamata ciyawa da kuma noma. Tare da haɓaka ganye, wannan zai taimaka lalata ƙwai da albasa ta tashi.

Shallot yana son kayan miya, wanda aka ba da shawarar yin shi a tsakiyar watan Yuni. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da tsintsin tsuntsu (1:15), jiko na taki (1:10) ko takin mai ma'adinai (40 grams da lita 10 na ruwa).

Don sanya kwararan fitila mafi girma, bakin bakin fita a farkon Yuli, cire guda biyu ko uku a gaba ɗayansubarin uku zuwa hudu ya yi 'yan riba. Ruwa da ciyar da tsirrai a wannan lokacin ba da shawarar ba. Tare da ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki da danshi a tsakiyar bazara, za a ci gaba da samar da ganye kawai, kuma kwararan fitila za su yi rauni sosai.

Har kibanya su girma zuwa santimita 10, dole ne a kakkarye su a mafita daga sinus. In ba haka ba, kawai greenery zai ci gaba da haɓaka.

Girbi da adanar shalloon

A karshen farkon shekaru goma na Yuli a farkon iri iri, kuma a farkon watan Agusta a tsakiyar ripening da tsakiyar marigayi shallot, ganye fara sauka. Wannan alama ce don girbi, jinkirin wanda zai haifar da raguwa a rayuwar shiryayye na kwararan fitila.

Girbi farkon cikakke iri ya kamata a ƙarshen shekaru goma na biyu na Yuli, da sauran nau'in - a farkon shekarun watan Agusta. Shallot tsire-tsire ne mai laushi, sabili da haka, ba a ba da shawarar barin harbe da aka tono a cikin hasken rana. Zai fi kyau bushe amfanin gona a ƙarƙashin wasu alfarwa.

A cikin shekarar, amfanin gona zai riƙe kyawawan halayensa lokacin da aka adana shi a yanayin zafi na 60-70% kuma a zazzabi daga 0C zuwa + 10C. Ya kamata a adana dasa shuki a zazzabi mafi girma har zuwa + 20С.

Godiya ga kananan albasarta mai ɗanɗano da farkon ganye mai laushi, shahararre ana yaba su a duk faɗin duniya. Bugu da kari, al'adar ta kasance sanadiyyar babban kaddarorin kayan abinci da halayen magani, wanda ya fi yadda ake toka albasa. Shallot shine abincin da aka fi so a cikin abincin Faransanci. Ana amfani da shi cikin abinci a cikin sabo da aka yanyanka, kazalika da kayan ɗamara na nama, kaji, miya, miya.