A cikin Turai, sananne game da cinikin lilacs ya faru a karni na sha shida, kuma wannan shuka ya zo Rasha kawai a karni na sha takwas. Amma wannan fure ta hanyar mu'ujiza ta kama ran Rasha, kuma ta zama tsire-tsire na 'yan asalin akan wuraren Rasha, a wuraren shakatawa da lambuna. Duk mai son lambun zai faɗi cewa yana ɗokin ganin kowace sabuwar fure ta Lilac.
Menene lilac?
Lilac shine mafi yawan bangare tsirraiamma akwai kuma itatuwa. Furen yana jan hankali tare da ƙanshin kamshi, nau'ikan iri da iri. Wannan inji yana da sauki, mai launin fata, ganye mai laushi da inflorescences a cikin tsintsiya. Hakanan abin lura ne cewa a cikin kaka, Lilac baya canza launi da ganyayyaki, amma yana zubar da ganye tare da kore.
Iri da nau'ikan Lilac, hoto
A cikin Rasha, ana samun kullun lilac na kowa, kuma nau'in kwayar halitta dangane da shikamar:
Hyacinth. Tana da asali. Furen ya bred ta hanyar tsallake riba da talakawa. Dankin yana da tsayayya da hunturu, amma har yanzu, a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi mai tsauri, zai iya daskarewa.- Sinanci Tsarin tsirrai na iya isa mita 3-5. Furannin furannin Lilac-purple, mai girma. Itace tana da kambi mai fadi. A shuka ne resistant zuwa sanyi.
- Bahaushe. Shrub na girman matsakaici, tsayi ba fiye da 2 m. Inflorescences na farin da farin lilac-white.
- Amur. Shuka ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a Gabas ta Tsakiya, Japan da sauran ƙasashen Asiya. Bishiyoyi masu haɓaka sun isa kimanin mita 10, amma a cikin yanayin yanayin shuka zai iya girma zuwa 20 m ba ga tsayi. Furanni ƙananan, farar fata ko kirim. Dankin yana da ƙanshi mai daɗi tare da bayanan zuma.
Hyacinth. Tana da asali. Furen ya bred ta hanyar tsallake riba da talakawa. Dankin yana da tsayayya da hunturu, amma har yanzu, a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi mai tsauri, zai iya daskarewa.A halin yanzu, ta hanyar kiwo, babba da yawa iri lilacs, amma kimiyya bata tsaya cik tana ci gaba da baiwa duniya sabbin nau'ikan. Yawancin nau'ikan gida sun sami fitowar duniya.
An bambanta nau'ikan ruwan lilacs da launi, ana rarraba su zuwa rukuni bakwai:
- farin launi;
- m
- bluish;
- launi lilac;
- ruwan hoda mai haske;
- mazhentovye;
- launin shuɗi.
Baya ga irin wannan kungiyar, akwai kuma da yawa wasu rarrabuwa:
- Terry da nau'i na furanni.
- Girman da siffar inflorescences.
- Ƙanshi.
- Girma da siffar daji.
Godiya ga duk waɗannan tsararraki, kowane ɗan lambu na iya zaɓar wa kansa ɗan fure iri-iri da ya dace da shi.
Shuka Dokoki
Don dasa shuki kowane iri-iri, dole ne ka zaɓi wuri, hasken rana da iska mara iska. Hakanan ya kamata a tabbatar cewa wurin da aka sauko ba sa ambaliyar da narkewar dusar ƙanƙara da ruwan sama mai yawa. Wannan hanyar zabar wani wuri shine saboda gaskiyar cewa ko da gajeriyar ruwa na iya haifar da mutuwar matattarar matasa.
Itace bata da tushe ga yanayin muhalli, kodayake, tana da kyau sosai a cikin soasa tare da haɓakar friability, ɗan ƙaramin acidic ko tsaka tsaki, tare da babban adadin humus. Idan ruwan karkashin kasa yana kusa, magudanar ruwa yakamata ayi.
Kafin sauka, ana gabatar da takin zamani da superphosphate a cikin ramuka da aka riga aka haƙa. Idan ƙasa ta kasance a cikin yumɓu, to, dole ne a kara yashi.
Lokaci mafi dacewa don dasa shuki iri daban-daban na lilacs shine Agusta. Wannan gaskiyar an haɗa shi da gaskiyar cewa shuka a cikin bazara kodan sun fara juyawa da wuri, kuma yayin wannan tsari shuka ba zai yi haƙuri da dasawa ba. Idan baku san lokacin dasa shuki ba, amma akwai kaya a cikin kwantena, to zaku iya yin shuka a kowane lokaci. Lokacin zabar tsire-tsire don dasawa a kasuwa, ya kamata a kula sosai, tunda zaku iya tuntuɓe a kan dajin da aka haƙa da dasa a tukunya. A cikin wannan halin, inji mai yiwuwa ya mutu.
Shuka ba ta buƙatar kowane irin hankali, yana da tsayayya wa fari, amma a lokacin girma, buds da fure, ana shayar da shi don girma da haɓaka fure, musamman a lokutan bushewa. A watannin bazara na ƙarshe, ba a shayar da shuka ba, don hana haɓakar ƙwayar koda da farkon haɓakarsu.
A cikin shekarar farko bayan dasa shuki lilacs baya ciyarwa. Wannan yana farawa ne kawai a shekara ta biyu ko ta uku a lokacin girma da samuwar buds. Kuna buƙatar yin takaddun ma'adinai mai ma'ana tare da abubuwan ganowa. Kowane nau'in lilac iri-iri nan da nan yana amsa takin gargajiya. Hakanan zaka iya yin ash kowane shekara biyu.
Pruning Lilac bushes
Fewan shekarun farko bayan dasa shuki, shukar ya girma a hankali kuma bai kamata a girbe shi ba. Bugu da ari, ya zama dole a samar da daji, a bar 5-10 kawai rassan da suka fi nasara a jikin kwarangwal din shuka.
Don bouquets, ya fi kyau a yanka kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na furanni na fure. Wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka sabbin rassan gewaye a kai wanda furannin fure suke zube. Saboda wannan, akwai imani cewa kuna buƙatar karya lilacs zuwa cikin bouquets don mafi kyawun ci gabansa. Koyaya, wannan ra'ayin kuskure ne, saboda cutar na iya bayyana a wuraren fashewar.
Lilac a cikin lambuna
Akwai nau'ikan lilacs iri biyu - mallaka da kuma grafted. Mafi sau da yawa, ana shuka seedlings daga tushen Lilac, wanda shuka daga bishiyoyi bisa ga tsoffin hanyoyin, ana saya. Hakanan akwai hanyar yaduwar microclonal, amma sayan irin wannan tsire-tsire yana da alaƙa da haɗari da yawa, tunda lokacin da ake yada jita-jita tare da wannan hanyar akwai yuwuwar maye gurbi, hargitsi, wanda zai iya haifar da shuka wanda zai bambanta da mahaifiyar. A zahiri, an samo tsiron da ba a sani ba.
Alurar riga kafi galibi ana yin ta ne a kan talakawa na lilac ko Hongeriyanci. Koyaya, irin tsire-tsire da yawan rashi. Da fari dai, shine ƙurar maganin saboda kin karɓar almara bayan wani lokaci. Abu na biyu, gwagwarmaya ce ta yau da kullun tare da harbe-harbe, wanda zai iya "sannuwa" da nau'in graugh, wanda zai haifar da lalacewar lilacs. Kwarai kuwa, na karshe shine kasantuwar babban harbi guda daya a cikin daji, wanda ke hana shuka sake sabuntawa da gajarta rayuwar sa. Kodayake a cikin kananan lambuna da wuraren shakatawa irin waɗannan tsire-tsire sun fi shahara saboda girman su.
