Pied flycatchers sune kananan tsuntsaye a baki da fari. A cikin kewayen birni, suna bayyana a farkon rabin Afrilu. Sun makara, sun cika gidajen da suka rataye a farkon kwanaki goma na Mayu, kuma sun riga sun lalace a cikin watan Agusta - sun fara babbar hanyar ringing mai ban mamaki don hunturu a duk faɗin Turai, Gibraltar zuwa Gabar Gini, ƙetare Afirka kuma su dawo ta bazara a bakin Kogin Nilu, ta cikin yankin Balkans zuwa ƙasarsu.
Namike tashi mara fata (Ficedula hypoleuca-male)Ana bambanta maganin kwaro ta yanayin rayuwarsa. Abincin da aka saba ga kajin shi ne matafirai da kwari masu tashi - kwari, kwari, sauro, kuliyoyi. Da fari dai, ko dai diflomasiyya (har zuwa 52%), ko kuma kuli-kuli da ƙurajensu (har zuwa 80%), duk ya dogara da irin nau'in abincin da ya fi yawa. Idan akwai caterpillars da yawa, tsuntsaye sun fi son tara su akan bishiyoyi maimakon kama kwari da ke tashi. A lokacin karyewar sanyi, idan babu gudu daga kwari, ana ɗaukar kwari har ma da kwari, wanda sauran tsuntsayen basa ci.
Don ciyar da dusar ƙanƙansu (kajin 5-7), ƙwararrun daskararrun jirgi sun tattara daga ƙaramin yanki fiye da kilo kilo na kwari, gami da ƙarami. Tsawon kwanaki 15-16, yayin kajin suna cikin gida, iyaye sun kawo masu abinci kusan sau 5,000.
Female faransa yawo (Ficedula hypoleuca mace)Pestlet na iya yin gida a cikin karamin lambun, idan akwai aƙalla ɗaya ko bishiyoyi biyu waɗanda kuke jingina da gida. Ba shi da wuya a zaɓi wuri domin gidan mai tuƙin jirgin sama. Tsuntsu yayi daidai da yardar rai ya zauna a wani wurin ɓoye na gonar, kuma a saman cunkoson da kanta, saboda haka yana dogara ga mutane. A gare ta, abu ɗaya yana da mahimmanci - hanya ta kyauta ga gida da aƙalla ƙananan share inda zaku iya kama kwari masu tashi a cikin iska. Mafi yawan lokuta, mai tashi yawo daga reshe. Bayan ya lura da kwaro, sai ya tafi da sauri, yana jujjuya iska a cikin iska, ya danna beak din - kuma an kama dutsen.
Lokacin gina karamin gida (galibi ana kiran shi titmouse) don mai tashi mai tashi, yana da mahimmanci a lura da irin wannan yanayin. Letok - 30 mm, ba don ya ceci pestlets daga gasa na gidan sparrows, wanda irin wannan letok ne karami. Nisa daga saman daraja zuwa rufin gidan farauta kusan 1 cm ne, kuma daga ƙasan ƙayyadwa zuwa ƙasan take game da cm 10 A ƙarshe, tsuntsayen tsuntsu, da bambanci ga titmouse, sune tsuntsaye masu ɗaukar hoto. Suna mamaye sabon gida kamar yadda aka sani fiye da tsofaffin da ke duhu da lokaci. Amma yana da mahimmanci kawai don sanya shi a ciki, saboda sun sake zama kyawawa ga pies. Hanyar da taphole zuwa ga Cardinal maki ba da matsala da gaske, amma ba za ku juya ku zuwa inda yanayin yake yawanci fito ba, wani lokacin kuma zaiyi ambaliya a gida tare da ruwan sama. Tsayin sama da ƙasa bai zama gafala ba, amma har yanzu tsuntsaye sun fi son manyan gida. Akwai hanya mai kyau don rataye pestle gidaje - akan katako a cokali mai yatsa a cikin rassan. An gicciye gicciyen a bayan titmouse kadan sama da tsakiyar wanda ya sa ƙarshen abin da ya kai rabin mitak ɗin nisan ginin daga bangarorin gidan. A karo na shida tare da ƙusa a ƙarshen, ƙaddamar da titmouse ta hanyar daraja kuma sanya shi cikin cokali mai yatsa a cikin rassan. Akwai su da yawa irin wannan forks a kan canji na rawanin bishiyun apple. Yana yiwuwa wasu tsuntsayen, kamar su redstart na lambu, za su zauna a cikin lambun a titmouse, kuma a kudu maso yammacin ƙasar akwai chernushka, farin wagtail, da launin toka mai fure. A cikin bushes na guzberi ko currant (idan babu kuliyoyi), da mazaunan gonar - lambu, launin toka da Chernogolovka sau da yawa gida, a kan bishiyoyi - finch, greenfinch. Amma duk waɗannan tsuntsayen da ke cikin lambu hatsari ne mai daɗi wanda yake da wuya a iya lasafta shi. Amma dabbar da yake tashi a cikin gidan gona, na iya zama tsuntsu mafi girma.
Kawasaki zulumi (Foliula hypoleuca)Ba wakar namiji ba kawai gayyata ce ga mace ta nemi rami ko jerin gwano ba, kuma ba gargaɗi ne kawai ga wasu mazajen da ke ƙasar an mamaye su ba, har ma da sanarwa cewa mutum zai iya rayuwa a nan, wato, wata gayyata ce ga sauran ma'aurata su zauna kusa, amma ... akan wasu nesa. Ga fankin jirgi mai tashi, wannan nisan shine 30-50 m kuma da ƙarancinsa ƙasa da m 20. Don haka, ba ma'ana ya rataya gidaje kusa da juna ba, tunda mazan na farko da ya zauna ba zai bari ɗayan ya zauna yankin da yake ba, amma yuwuwar samar da gidan aure ɗaya ne da ƙasa da haka. Kungiyoyinsu, saboda wadannan tsuntsayen sun gwammace wurin jinsin mutane. Rashin kare mazaunin maza yana da yanki na akalla 250 m2, a matsakaici game da 600 m2. Shafukan tsuntsayen makwabta kada su kasance a lamba, ana buƙatar yankin "tsaka tsaki" tsakanin su. Don haka, har zuwa nau'i-nau'i 16 na kwaro za a iya jan hankalin hectare na lambun.
