Juniper - needles mai taushi

Evergreen, a cikin bayyanar ta yi kama da karamin firij. Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai dadewa. A cikin yanayi mai kyau, juniper yana rayuwa ne daga shekaru 600 zuwa shekaru 3000. Ka yi tunanin wani wuri a duniya har yanzu akwai tsire-tsire masu ɗorewa daga tsaba shekara dubu kafin haihuwar Kristi.

Juniper ya daɗe da zama sananne ga kaddarorin warkarwa. Wannan tsire-tsire yana magance cututtuka da yawa: fata, tarin fuka, asma. Juniper yana da tasiri mai kwantar da hankali akan tsarin juyayi, yana kawar da damuwa. Me yasa? Domin ya ƙunshi mai yawa mai mahimmanci tare da tarry, tart, ƙanshin ƙanshi.

Juniper scaly 'Jigilar Kaya' (Juniperus squamata 'Blue Carpet').

Bayanin Juniper

JuniperSunan Latin - Juniperus. Yana daga cikin halittar bishiyoyin bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi na gidan Cypress (LankanaIc) Hakanan aka sani da Heather. Sunan Türkic na nau'ikan nau'ikan manyan bishiyoyi masu kama da bishiyoyi, waɗanda suka shude cikin litattafan kimiyya, Juniper ne.

Ganyen Juniper suna da kamannin zobe ko akasin haka. Kowane ganye mai siffar zobe yana da ganye guda uku mai siffar launuka daban daban, ganyayyakin da ke gaba suna da sikila, suna manne wa reshe da a baya, galibi yana da mayirin mai mai.

Tsire-tsire suna cin duri ko dioecious. Naman “dirin” na juniper an ɗora shi a saman reshe na ɗan gajeren zango; yana da yanki ko kuma zazzage shi kuma yana da siffofi da dama na thyroid ko scaly stamens wadanda suke a cikin nau'i-nau'i a gaban ko zoben da aka ambata guda uku; a kan ƙananan gefen ƙarfin halin akwai daga 3 zuwa 6 kusan maganin sihiri. Mace “kumburin mata” sun fito a jerin gwanon reshe na gajeren zango.

A inji shi ne fari haƙuri da hoto. Yana zaune tsawon lokaci, har zuwa shekaru 600. Yana sake sabunta mummunan yanayi.

An rarraba shi a cikin lardin Arewacin, banda nau'in daya - Juniper Gabashin Afirka (Juniperus procera), na kowa ne a Afirka a kudu zuwa 18 ° kudu. latitude A cikin yankuna da yawa na hamada: a yammacin Amurka, a Mexico, tsakiya da kudu maso yamma Asiya sun mamaye yankunan dazuzzuka.

Juniper matsakaici 'Gold Coast' (Juniperus x. Media 'Gold Coast').

Juniper Shuka

Haske shine hasken rana kai tsaye.
Kasar gona danshi ne matsakaici m.
Danshi yana da laima.
Ilasa - m, m matsakaici, drained, cakuda ƙasa.
Sake bugun - ta hanyar yanke, tsaba.

Taushi (a cikin yawancin jinsuna) allunan launuka daban-daban, ƙanshi mai daɗi, ƙarancin girma zuwa yanayin girma - Waɗannan sune dalilan da yasa masu shinge da masu zanen kaya suke don junipers.

Shuka Juniper

An dasa bishirai a wuraren rana. A cikin inuwa, za su iya girma ba su da tsari da sako-sako da kuma rasa duk kyawawan halayensu na ado. Juniper ne kawai zai iya jure wa wasu shading.

Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire ya kamata ya kasance daga 0.5 a cikin matsakaici-ƙanana da ƙananan zuwa 1.5 - 2 m a cikin tsayi mai tsayi. Kafin dasa, duk tsire-tsire na akwati dole ne a cika shi da ruwa, riƙe ƙammar ƙura na kimanin awa 2 a cikin kwantena na ruwa.

Zurfin ramin saukowa ya dogara da girman earthen coma da tushen tsarin tsiro. Yawanci, ana shuka junipers a cikin rami, girmansa wanda ya ninka sau 2-3 sau da yawa. Don manyan bushes - 70 cm zurfi.

A kasan ramin, hakika kuna buƙatar yin Layer magudanar ruwa tare da kauri na 15-20 cm. Kuma tushen juniper an rufe shi da cakuda ƙasa wanda ya kunshi peat, sod ƙasar da yashi a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 1. An dasa manyan tsire-tsire don tushen wuyansa ya zama 5-10 cm sama da gefuna rami na dasawa. A cikin kananan tsire-tsire, ya kamata ya kasance a matakin ƙasa.

Ingantaccen acid ɗin ƙasa yana daga 4.5 zuwa 7 pH, ya danganta da nau'in da iri. Don Cossack Juniper, liming yana da amfani - kafin dasa shuki akan ƙasa mai nauyi, gari dolomite ko lemun tsami (80-100 g. A cikin ramin auna 50 x 50 x 60 cm) an gabatar da shi.

Junipers suna ƙasa a ƙasa. Abinda kawai suke buƙata shine gabatarwar nitroammophoski (30-40 g / m²) ko Kemira Universal (20 g da lita 10 na ruwa) a watan Afrilu-Mayu.

Juniper kwance 'Hughes' (Juniperus a kwance 'Hughes').

Kulawar Juniper

Ana shayar da Juni a lokacin bazara, kuma wannan ba shi da yawa - sau 2-3 a kowace kakar. Adadin ban ruwa shine lita 10-30 a kowace shuka. Sau ɗaya a mako, ana iya fesa, lalle da yamma. Junipers talakawa da Sinawa ba su yarda da bushe iska. Juniper Virginia ba ta da haƙuri, amma tana da kyau ga ƙasa ta ƙasa danshi na matsakaici.

Young plantings na junipers bukatar loosening - m, bayan watering da weeding da weeds. Nan da nan bayan an dasa, an dasa ƙasa tare da peat, kwakwalwan katako, ƙwanƙwashin Pine ko ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa, lokacin farin ciki shine ciyawa mai 5-8 cm.The amfanin gona mai ƙauna mai zafi yana mulched don hunturu, kuma a farkon lokacin bazara ciyawa dole ne a kashe, saboda yana iya haifar da lalacewar wuya.

Sakamakon ci gaban jinkirin, ana yin junipers a hankali. Ana cire yawancin rassan bushewa a kowane lokaci na shekara. Don hunturu, kawai matasa tsirrai tsirrai, sannan kuma kawai a farkon shekarar bayan dasa.

Juniper za a iya yaduwa ta tsaba da ƙwaya.

Juniper Virginia 'Skyrocket' (Juniperus virginiana 'Skyrocket').

Juniper yaduwa

Junipers sune dioecious tsire-tsire wanda za'a iya yada shi ta zuriya da kuma hanyoyin ciyayi. Tunda siffofin juniper na ado daga tsaba suna yiwuwa a samu, ana yanka su ne kawai da zage.

Jinsi na juniper talakawa ya bambanta da kambi: a cikin samfurori na maza ƙuntatacce ne, ƙwararren ƙira ko ƙwalƙwalwa, cikin samfuran mace an sako ta kuma an shimfiɗa ta. A watan Afrilu-Mayu, maniyyi mai launin rawaya ya bayyana akan samfuran maza na juniper na talakawa, kuma raye-rayen kore akan jikin samfuran mata. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari - ba sabon abu ba game da connerous zagaye mazugi berries har zuwa 0.8 cm a diamita, ripen a watan Agusta-Oktoba. Da farko suna da kore, kuma yayin da suke girma, suna juya launin shuɗi-baki tare da wani abu mai laushi na launin shuɗi. The berries suna da ƙanshin yaji da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci. A cikin 'ya'yan itace akwai tsaba uku.

Don yin girma daga juniper daji daga zuriya, ya zama dole a daidaita shi. Hanya mafi kyau - shuka shuka na tsaba a cikin kwalaye. Sa'an nan za a ɗaure filayen - an kwashe akwatunan kuma a adana su a cikin dusar ƙanƙara a lokacin hunturu (kwanaki 130-150), kuma a watan Mayu ana shuka iri da yawa a gadaje. Ana iya shuka iri na Juniper a cikin bazara, a watan Mayu, a gadaje ba tare da gyarawa ba, amma seedlings zai bayyana ne kawai shekara mai zuwa.

Amma siffofin ado na juniper daga tsaba kusan ba zai yiwu ba su samu, saboda haka suna yaduwar vegetatively - by cuttings. Don yin wannan, daga ƙarshen Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Mayu daga wani tsiro na balaga wanda ya kai shekaru 8-10, yanke itace shekara-shekara 10-12 cm tsayi da 3-5 cm daga ƙasa don 'yantar da su daga allura. Dole a yanke yankan tare da “diddige”, wato, tare da yanki na tsohuwar itace. Haushi yana datsa tare da almakashi. Don haka har rana guda ana sanya su a cikin mafita na “heteroauxin” ko kowane mai kara kuzari. Don tushen, ana amfani da yashi da peat a daidai adadin. An rufe yankan tare da fim kuma inuwa. Madadin yin sha, yana da kyau a fesa. Bayan kwanaki 30-45, tsarin tushen ya inganta sosai a cikin mafi yawan cutan. A ƙarshen Yuni da farkon Yuli, ana dasa tushen dasa a cikin gadaje, kuma suna hunturu a bude ƙasa, an rufe shi da rassa. Shukewar tsiron da aka dasa yana da shekaru 2-3, bayan wannan ana tura su zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa a gonar.

Juniper Cossack 'Tamariscifolia' (Juniperus sabina 'Tamariscifolia').

Iri da nau'in juniper

Tall junipers tare da dala tare da kambi na columnar

Juniper Virginia 'Glauka' (Juniperus budurwa 'Glauca')
Juniper Virginia 'Skyrocket' (Juniperus budurwa 'Skyrocket')
Juniper talakawa 'Columnaris' (Juniperus communis 'Columnaris')
Juniper talakawa 'Hybernik' (Juniperus kwaminis 'Hibernica')
Juniper Sinanci 'Kaittsuka' (Juniperus chinensis 'Kaizuka')
Juniper dutsen 'Springbank' (Juniperus scopulorum '' Babban bankin '')

Juniper Juniper

Juniper Cossack 'Tamariscifolia' (Juniperus sabina 'Tamariscifolia')
Juniperus na kasar Sin 'Blue Alps' (Juniperus chinensis 'Blue Alps')
Juniper matsakaici 'Hetzi' (Juniperus x kafofin watsa labarai 'Hetzii')
Juniper Cossack 'Madaidaici' (Juniperus sabina 'Erecta')
Juniper scaly '' Holger '(Juniperus squamata 'Holger')

Ba a sauke Junipers

Juniper Virginia 'Kobold' (Juniperus budurwa 'Kobold')
Juniper Virginia 'Nana Karamin' (Juniperus budurwa 'Nana Compacta')

Juniper dwarf siffofin

Juniper kwance 'Blue Pygmy' (Juniperus a kwance 'Blue Pygmea')
Juniper kwance 'Viltoni' (Juniperus a kwance 'Wiltonii')
Juniper kwance 'Glauka' (Juniperus a kwance 'Glauca')
Juniper kwance 'Hughes' (Juniperus a kwance 'Hughes')

Tare da allura ta zinariya

Juniper Virginia 'Aureospicata' (Juniperus budurwa 'Aureospicata')
Juniper matsakaici 'Gold Coast' (Juniperus x. kafofin watsa labarai 'Gwanin Gwal')
Juniper matsakaici 'Old Gold' (Juniperus x. kafofin watsa labarai 'Tsohon Zinare')