Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na kayan abinci da magani na beetroot an daɗe da sanin su. Nutimar abincinsa ta kasance saboda daidaitawar abubuwan bitamin B da C, ma'adinai da abubuwa masu aiki na jiki, gami da betaine da betanine, waɗanda aka samo a cikin beets kawai. Kula da wannan ma'auni da dandano na beets ya dogara da yanayin narkar da shi.
Ana samun mafi yawan kayan dadi da m a kan sako-sako, wadatattun abubuwa a cikin tsatsar kwayoyin halitta. Koyaya, sabo ba a ƙara yin amfani da beets ba - yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban amfanin gona, tarawar nitrates, wanda ke lalata ɗanɗano, adana beets da yawaitar cutarwa ga lafiyar ɗan adam. Sabili da haka, ana sanya beets bayan amfanin gona a karkashin abin da taki ko humus (kokwamba, zucchini, farkon kabeji da dankali) an shigo dashi ko kuma wanda aka fara gadaje (albasa, tumatir, Peas kore).
Irin ƙwaro (Gwoza)Mat Skånska Matupplevelser
Girbi beetroot, musamman ma farkon samarwa, ya dogara da samar da nitrogen ga ƙasa. Don samun kilogiram 3-3.5 na amfanin gona daga 1 sq.m a cikin bazara, 10-12 g na nitrogen (kayan aiki mai aiki) an ƙara don digging. Manyan allurai na ma'adinai na bada gudummawa ga tarin nitrates. Bugu da kari, beets kada a overfed, kamar yadda seedlings ba su yi haƙuri da taki taro fiye da 0.1%. Rashin nitrogen, musamman ma a farkon matakan ci gaban shuka, yana hana sha da sinadarin phosphorus daga potassium kuma ya rage yawan amfanin gona. Tare da rashi na phosphorus, ganyayyaki sun zama mara nauyi, koren duhu a launi, sannan a sake yin ja, idan aka samu karancin potassium, a hankali sai su juye duhu ja. Kwancen tsufa na ganyayyaki ana lura dashi lokacin da akwai karancin magnesium da manganese a cikin ƙasa, haka kuma akan acidic (pH ƙasa da 5.0) da alkaline (pH fiye da 7.5), akan abin da aka hana tsire-tsire na gwoza, basa girma, suna samar da ƙananan ganye masu launin ja. Idan boron bai wadatar ba, ci gaban ya mutu, asarar amfanin gona ke lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewar zuciya, ainihin ruhi kuma ana ajiyar talauci. Ana amfani da lemun tsami, phosphoric, potash, dauke da takin boron da magnesium a cikin kaka don tono.
Ingancin beets beets kuma ya dogara da iri-iri. Mafi kyau a cikin abubuwan da ke dafuwa da ɗanɗano sune tsakiyar tsakiyar nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan Bordeaux: Bordeaux 237, Bordeaux Single, iri ɗaya, Ba a haɗa shi (tare da siffar tushen zagaye), Tausayi (tare da sifar silima). Wakilai daga iri-iri Masarawa lebur: Gidan namomin kaza, lebur na Masarawa (tare da sifar tushe mai laushi) farkon tsirowa (lokacin ciyayi kwanaki 60-70 daga yawan shuki) suna da ƙarancin inganci da wadatar inganci, amma suna da mahimmanci a cikin samun farkon bunƙasa.
Irin ƙwaro (Gwoza)Yawancin nau'ikan gwoza suna da yawa (daga uku zuwa huɗu) tsaba na dunƙule. An shuka su a cikin adadin 1-1.2 g / sq.m sannan kuma harbe ya zama mai bakin ciki, ya bar 4-6 cm tsakanin tsirrai.Single tsiro, Bordeaux-iri iri, TSHA mai-iri biyu, Valenta, VIR-guda ɗaya, Hawsky) kunshi daya ko biyu tsaba, fure tare da daya sprout, da layuka ba su bukatar fitar da bakin ciki. Irin waɗannan nau'ikan ana shuka su ne a 0.6-0.8 g / sq.m.
Girman tushen amfanin gona yana da yawa daga shuka. Babban, fiye da 10 cm a diamita, amfanin gona masu tushe lokacin shuka iri 30-40 a kowace 1 sq M bisa ga tsarin 13-10 × 25. Irin wannan beets ba shi da daɗi, tunda xylem yana girma da ƙarfi a ciki (nama mai ƙarfi, mara kyau a cikin abubuwan gina jiki) kuma mafi tara nitrates da sauran abubuwa masu cutarwa. An samo beets na girman matsakaici a girman 40-60 guda / sq.m, da ƙananan (3.5-4.5 cm a diamita) - fiye da 60 yanki / sq.m ko lokacin da nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire a jere na 8-10 da 5 -7 cm, bi da bi, tare da jera sarari na 25 cm. Etsananan beets sune kyakkyawan samfurin don canning.
Irin ƙwaro (Gwoza)Beets, musamman ma seedlings, ba sa haƙuri fari fari. A wata na farko da rabi, ana shayar da tsire-tsire sosai, aƙalla sau ɗaya a mako. Zai fi kyau shayar da gadaje da yamma, kafin faɗuwar rana. Har zuwa girbi, lamuran layin suna kwance kullun, musamman bayan ban ruwa ko ruwan sama. Na farko, zuwa zurfin 4 cm, sannan 10 cm (don nau'ikan da ke da amfanin gona mai amfani da 15 cm tsayi). Yankin masara da ke kusa da layin 10 cm mabuɗin an bar shi ba don kada ya lalata asalin sa ba.
Hakanan dandano na beets tebur kuma yana shafar shekarun tushen amfanin gona, wanda ya dogara da lokacin shuka da lokacin girbi. Don samun farkon samarwa a farkon Maris, ana shuka tsaba biyu a cikin tukwane, a watan Afrilu, tare da tukunya, an dasa a ƙarƙashin shinge na fim kuma an girbe a Yuli. A lokaci guda, zaku iya samun amfanin gona daga shuka lokacin hunturu (ana amfani da nau'ikan da ke tsayayya wa stemming) Bordeaux 237, Hunturu A-474, Cold resistant 19) Shuka beets a kan pre-tattalin ridges a gaban farko na barga sanyi weather (a tsakiyar layi - a watan Nuwamba) wanda ya sa tsaba ba sprout. Layuka dole ne a mulched da peat ko humus.
Irin ƙwaro (Gwoza)Har ila yau, ana iya girma beets ta hanyar shuka (wannan yana da mahimmanci idan bazara bata da abokantaka, tare da dawo da kullun yanayin sanyi, ruwan sama mai nauyi, ko, taɗi, matsanancin fari, da kuma yayin ambaliyar da ke haifar da ambaliyar wurin. kwalaye tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki mai gina jiki; ana dasa shuki a kan gado tare da ganye na hakika guda biyu tare da ƙasa mai laushi ba tare da lalata lakar tudun ba; ana aiwatar da aikin ne da maraice ko a cikin yanayin girgije, bayan wannan ana girgiza tsire-tsire tsawon kwanaki 3-5.
Don amfani da kaka, ana shuka beets tebur a ƙarshen Afrilu (gadaje don kariya daga sanyi na makonni biyu zuwa uku an rufe su da fim ko kayan da ba saka). Tsarin ranar shuka shine daga ƙarshen Mayu zuwa 5 ga Yuni (ba daga baya ba, tunda mafi kyawun kayan amfanin gona mafi kyau don ajiyar hunturu an kafa su a cikin kwanaki 90-110 daga yawan ƙwayar cuta). An girbe beets a cikin ajiya a ƙarshen Satumba-farkon Oktoba.
Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su:
- M.Fedorova Dukkan Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimin Rasha na Zabi da Haɓakar Seedanyanan Kayan lambu
