Babban matsala a cikin girma seedlings shine zaɓi na ƙasa. Don fitowar harbe na abokantaka a cikin cakuda earthen, madaidaicin rabo daga abubuwan gina jiki, danshi da oxygen ya zama dole. Madarar kwakwa za ta bada taimako mai mahimmanci a cikin wannan. A cewar masu lambu, ingantaccen filler ne na ƙasa, yana ba da tsire-tsire masu kyawawan yanayi don ci gaba da haɓaka.
Abin da kwakwa ke canzawa
Tuni daga sunan samfurin ya zama a bayyane cewa ana amfani da dabino na kwakwa don samarwarta. Wannan ɗayan waɗannan tsire-tsire ne waɗanda ba kasafai ba wanda dukkanin sassan jikinsa suka sami aikace-aikacen - gangar jikin, ganye, 'ya'yan itatuwa. An daɗe da lura cewa fizukan dabino suna da kaddarorin musamman - suna da haske, mai daɗewa kuma yana da tsayayya da lalata.
Hanya, igiyoyi, matattara, matattara don katifa an sanya su daga zaruruwa. Don ɗan lokaci a yanzu, an fara amfani da fiber da abin sha azaman madubi don girma furanni na cikin gida da shuka. Akwai nau'ikan filler guda uku don kwalliyar kwakwa
- fiber - zaren dogo mai ƙarfi tare da kyakkyawan hygroscopicity;
- peat shine ƙarami ƙarami, wanda yashahara da ƙarfin ƙarfin danshi;
- kwakwalwan kwamfuta - barbashi daga cikin kwasfa na kwakwa wanda ke haɓaka numfashin mahaɗan.
Don samar da kayan kwakwa na shuka na shuka, an zaɓi dukkanin samfuran 3 a cikin rabbai da suka fi dacewa don haɓaka nau'ikan albarkatun gonar.
Siffofin sakewa da substrate
Don saukakawa, ana samun wannan kayan ta hanyoyi da yawa:
- Allunan da fayafai - abubuwan da aka matse a cikin hanyar wanki, tare da girman 5, 10 da 20 cubic mita. gani. Mafi girman diski a cikin bushewa yakai 650 g, kuma a cikin rigar ƙasa yana ƙaruwa da girman har zuwa lita 8. Tushen allunan sune ƙananan fibers.
- Matsatsin suna cikin siffar murabba'i huɗu. Weightididdigar su daga kilogram 1.6 zuwa 5 kg, kuma ƙara girman a cikin rigar - daga 14 zuwa lita 50. Don haɓakar su, ana amfani da fizir mai tsayi, kwakwalwan kwamfuta da peat.
- Ana ƙirƙirar kwandon kwakwa a cikin kayan kwalliya a cikin tsari mai yawa - ƙarami an tsara don dasa shuki furanni na cikin gida ɗaya ko biyu, kuma mafi girma an saya ta kamfanoni waɗanda ke samar da seedlings don siyarwa a cikin mafi yawa. Briquettes ya ƙunshi fiber tare da ƙari na peat da ƙananan kwakwalwan kwamfuta.
Tare da irin wannan zaɓi mai yawa, ba wuya a zaɓi ɗan kwalin kwakwa wanda ya dace da buƙatunku.
Kayan kwatankwacin kwakwa
Wannan kayan ana amfani dashi sosai saboda abubuwan musamman:
- a cikin abin da ya kirkira, abin da yake canzawa shine kwayoyin, wanda daga karshe ya lalata gaba daya, tsirrai suka mamaye su ba tare da saura ba;
- rikodin yana ƙaruwa numfashi ƙasa, wanda yake ba makawa ga shuka;
- mold ba ya inganta a kan kwamfutar hannu saman kuma weeds ba su girma;
- substrate ya kwashe dukkan danshi mai yawa, yana ba da tsire-tsire kawai abin da suke buƙata;
- kayan yana da tsaka tsaki, wanda ya dace da yawancin tsire-tsire;
- zaruruwa ta lalata a hankali, wanda ke basu damar amfani da su na wasu shekaru;
- abun da ke ciki ya cika cikakkun ka'idojin muhalli;
- substaramin mai ne a cikin abin da ake shigo dashi da takin mai magani wanda ya fi dacewa da shuka;
- da kayan mara wari ne kuma babu makawa.
Abubuwan da aka lissafa sun sanya damar yin amfani da kayan maye a matsayin mai cike da al'adun hydroponic.
Shiri don amfani
Kafin amfani da kwakwa na kwakwa don shuka, lallai ne a shirya shi yadda yakamata. Yi la’akari da misalin kwakwa mai nauyin kilogram 1:
- saki kwalliyar daga kunshin;
- saka a cikin guga mai lita 10;
- zuba ruwa 2 na ruwa kuma ku bar don kumbura, saro da sassauta shi ba a buƙatar;
- bayan 'yan mintoci kaɗan ƙara ƙarin lita na ruwa, rufe tare da murfi ko tsare kuma ya bar don ƙarin kumburi.
Bayan 'yan awanni, cakuda zai kasance cikakke don amfani.
Allunan da fayafai suna narkewa a cikin 40 ml na ruwan zafin dakin kuma ana amfani dashi don ƙwaya.
Yadda ake shuka seedlings a cakuda kwakwa
Sauƙi a cikin tsarkakakken tsari shine mafi yawanci ana amfani dashi ne kawai don tsirowar tsaba. A farfajiya na allunan da aka shirya, an shimfiɗa tsaba a cikin recesses na musamman, an rufe su da fim kuma jira seedlings ya bayyana, cire kullun don iska. Lokacin da substrate ta bushe, ya zama mafi haske. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da shi ta wurin ƙara ɗan ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi.
Bayan seedling ya girma kuma ya shiga cikin kwamfutar hannu gaba ɗaya tare da tushen sa, ana watsa shi cikin babban akwati. Don cikakken haɓakar seedlings a cikin cakuda kwakwa na kwakwa, briquettes suna amfani da peat na yau da kullun, ganye ko sodar ƙasa, har da ash, takin ko taki.
Sauƙin tsarkakakken kashi ya ƙunshi ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki, saboda haka ana amfani dashi azaman ɗayan abubuwan haɗin ƙasa.
Zaɓuɓɓuka don amfani da substrate
Ana amfani da cakuda mai kwakwa ba kawai a cikin shuka iri ba. Yana da mahimmanci a kusan dukkanin wuraren samar da amfanin gona, kuma hanya mafi mahimmanci ta sami kanta a cikin yin amfani da kayan kwakwa don kula da katantanwa katako - achatins. A ciki, waɗannan mollus ɗin moisurely suna da kyau. Sauran hanyoyin sun fi na al'ada:
- girma tsirrai na cikin gida, musamman da suke buƙatar hasken ƙasa.
- tushen tushen 'ya'yan inabi na inab, wardi, dahlias, currants;
- amfani a cikin hydroponics - mai canzawa bai canza acidity na mafita ba, bai rufe shi ba kuma yana da kyakkyawan tazara;
- ciyawa na kowane irin kayan lambu. Wannan ma'aunin yana ba ku damar manta game da ciyawa da yawaitar shayarwa da dumama Tushen lokacin hunturu;
- looarancin looseness da breathability na kasar gona. Wannan gwargwado ya zama tilas a cikin maimaitawa na ƙasa mai nauyi ƙasa.
Kayan kwandon kwandon ya dace a matsayin mai zuriyar dabbobi, dabbobi mazaunan terrariums da kuma kayan kwalliyar bushewar aquariums, amma babbar manufarta ita ce girma tsirrai masu ƙarfi tare da ingantaccen tsarin tushen.
