Wannan bishiyar tana cikin dangin elm, kuma sun girma a Turai, Scandinavia, Crimea, Caucasus da Ingila. Yana girma zuwa mita 25 a tsayi kuma yana da ikon rayuwa kimanin shekaru 300. Yana da gangar jikin madaidaiciya har zuwa mita 1.5 a diamita, an rufe shi da inuwa mai duhu, inuwa mai duhu, haushi. Yana blooms daga Maris zuwa Afrilu, kafin ganye Bloom, karami, nondescript furanni da m stamens. 'Ya'yan itãcen sun fara farawa a cikin Mayu-Yuni kuma suna kama da kifin zaki mai zagaye tare da goro a cikin cibiyar. 'Ya'yan itacen Elm kowace shekara, suna farawa ne da shekaru bakwai. Yana da sanyi mai jure sanyi kuma yana iya jurewa daskararru kasa-kasa zuwa -28. Itace tana da tsarin tushen karfi, tana girma kyawawa cikin sauri: a cikin shekara tana tsiro 50 cm a tsayi kuma har zuwa tsawon cm 30.
Bayanan tarihi
Sunan m elm an ƙirƙira shi daga "Celm" na Celtic, wanda ke nufin elm. A Rasha, ana fassara wannan kalmar a matsayin “sanda mai sassauƙa” kuma an yi amfani da itacen wannan itaciyar don samar da katako da makarkashiya. Ta yin amfani da sassauya daga gwiwar, kakanninmu sun yi amfani da shi azaman kayan gini mai kyau, kuma sun yi makamai. An yi amfani da wannan itaciyar don yin kayan gida: arcs, maɓuɓɓugan hutu, allura na saƙa da ƙari mai yawa.
An yi amfani da hawan bishiyar don tanning, kuma ana amfani da bast ɗin wannan bishiyar don yin gasa. Bar ganye da matasa harbe harbe dabbobi.
Kiwo da kulawa
Yankasa mai santsi na elm yakan faru ne ta hanyar tsaba, lokaci-lokaci da harbe daga shi. Tsaba za'a iya adanar shi a cikin akwati na hatimi na tsawon shekaru 2 kuma kada ku rasa germination. Ana shuka tsaba nan da nan bayan ripening na makonni 1-2. A lokaci guda, ba a buƙatar shiri na farko ba. An shuka su cikin layuka tare da mataki na 20-30 cm, an rufe shi da ƙasa kuma an shayar da shi sosai. Elm ba shi da ma'ana ga yanayin kuma a zahiri yana haƙuri da yawan danshi da rashin sa. Zai iya girma a cikin inuwa, amma yana haɓaka mafi kyau cikin haske mai kyau.
A cikin makonni na farko bayan dasawa, ya kamata a shayar da tsaba da aka shuka, kuma a cikin yanayin zafi ana rufe su da fim har sai farkon harbe ya bayyana. Lokacin dasa shuki, yakamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa yana girma cikin sauri kuma ba da daɗewa ba zai rikitar da wasu tsire-tsire masu ƙauna tare da kambi. An lura da cewa m elm yana hana inabi. Dangane da wannan, ya zama dole a la’akari da rashin jituwa da juna da kuma nisantar da su daya.
M cutar Elm cuta
Tare da taimakon haushin haushi, cutar ta Dutch na wannan bishiyar tana yaduwa. Tushenta shine naman Ophiostoma ulmi kuma yana shafar bishiyoyi masu rauni. Idan lalace, inji na iya mutu cikin aan makonni ko ya ji rauni shekaru.
Cutar Yaren mutanen Holland ana halin saurin bushewa daga rassan. A kan irin waɗannan rassan, ganye ko dai ba su yi fure ba ko kaɗan kaɗan daga cikinsu. Lokacin kamuwa da wannan cuta, itaciyar yakan mutu kuma ba za'a iya samun ceto ba. Ainihi, wannan cuta tana ci gaba akan ƙasa mai daɗaɗɗa.
Kayan magunguna da amfani da magani
Elm santsi ya ƙunshi abubuwa waɗanda ke da astringent, diuretic, sauƙaƙe ƙonewa da kaddarorin antibacterial.
Magungunan gargajiya na amfani da kayan ƙyalli na wannan itaciyar don magance kumburin mafitsara, kumburi kyallen takarda masu haɗuwa, da kuma edema. Bugu da kari, an yi amfani dashi don cututtukan fata daban-daban, har ma da cututtukan tsarin narkewa, don gudawa. Abincin ganyayyaki na elm yana maganin colic, yana warkar da raunuka waɗanda basu da lafiya na dogon lokaci.
Tare da zazzabi da sanyi, infusions daga Elm haushi, tare da ƙari na bunch buds da Willow, taimako. Wannan jiko yana da gamsai mai yawa (samfurin samfuran sel) da tannins, waɗanda ke da tasiri mai amfani ga jikin ɗan adam tare da ƙonewa da dermatitis.
A matsayin kayan albarkatun ƙasa, an girbe haushi da ganyayyaki mai santsi. An girbe haushi a cikin bazara, lokacin da ya kwarara ruwan itace, da ganyayyaki a watan Yuni, a cikin yanayin bushe. Yawanci, ana amfani da bishiyoyi da aka shirya don faduwa don wannan dalilin. Don haka shirya kayan yana bushe a wuraren da aka rufe daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Ana iya amfani dashi tsawon shekaru 2. Broths da infusions an yi su ne daga wannan albarkatun ƙasa na magani.
Itace mai laushi mai laushi yana da iko na musamman: yana sake lalata lalata na dogon lokaci cikin babban zafi. An yi amfani da wannan fasalin game da shi a Turai - bututu don samar da ruwa an yi su ne daga bututun ruwan da aka yi amfani da su daga ciki. Lokacin gina gadar London ta farko, an yi amfani da itace don amfani.
Wannan inji ana iya danganta shi da farkon tsire-tsire na zuma. A cikin yanayi mai kyau, zaku iya ganin ƙudan zuma da yawa suna tattara nectar kusa da wannan itaciyar.
Tunda ƙwallon ƙafa yana da tushen tushen ƙarfi, ana amfani dashi a cikin tsiro mai kariya, wanda, bi da bi, yana gyara filayen. Ban da haka, ganyayyakinsa suna riƙe da ƙura da yawa fiye da sauran bishiyoyi, kuma ana samun nasarar ɗaukar matsayinsa cikin wuraren dasa shuki.
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