Dasa tsiron peas a cikin ƙasa Noma da kuma kula da amfanin gona Shuka tsarin

Dasa Peas a bazara a cikin hoto na bude ƙasa

Peas amfanin gona ne na kayan lambu. Yana da cikakken undemanding ga abun da ke ciki na kasar gona, sanyi-resistant, yana da kyau kwarai ga sauran kayan amfanin gona, sabili da haka, an girma ko'ina. Idan kuna da sarari kyauta akan shafin, yi shimfiɗa don Peas kore. Zai zama tushen lafiya, mai daɗi da asali a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ɗanɗano.

Peas suna son yara sosai (ku ci sabo sabo), ana amfani da peas don shirya jita-jita iri-iri. Don dalilai na abinci, suna amfani da wake ba kawai, har ma da ruwan wukake mai laushi. Bugu da kari, bushes na shekara-shekara suna da kyau sosai: m, m, kore kore.

Fasahar shuka (timing, iri da kuma shirya ƙasa, shimfiɗa) da kulawa ba zai zama da wahala ba, har ma wani mai aikin gona mai novice zai iya jure wannan.

Kwanakun dasa peas a cikin ƙasa buɗe

Daskararren dasa Peas lokacin da aka shuka shi da tsaba a ƙasa

Yaushe za a shuka Peas tsaba a ƙasa? Lokacin shuka lokacin bazara: daga ƙarshen Afrilu zuwa farkon Mayu. Don samun damar girbi cikin bazara, ana yin shuka ne a matakai da yawa. Feshi yana tasowa kuma yana girma da sauri, don haka koda a tsakiyar yankin an tabbatar muku da tattara amfanin gona da yawa. Kalmar don dasa peas za'a iya tsawaita har zuwa ƙarshen Mayu.

Frosts ba mummunan abu bane ga tsire-tsire - Peas (harbe na matasa) za su kwantar da hankulan jinkirin rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa -6 ° C. Amma har yanzu, ya kamata a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai ɗumi (a cikin damp, ƙasa mai sanyi, tsaba za suyi rot). Zazzabi na iya zama ƙasa kaɗan, amma koyaushe tabbatacce (10-12 ° C). Don dumama gado, zaku iya rufe shi da tsare.

Yanayi don yin girma a cikin peas

Zaɓin yanar gizon da hasken shafin

Da farko dai, yakamata ku yanke shawara kan wani wuri domin bunkasa Peas. Ya kamata tashar ta kasance da hasken rana sosai kuma a kiyaye ta daga matattarar sanyi da sanyi. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin shading, fure da fruiting, bi da bi, barkewa, halayen dandano na ƙyallen kafada da 'ya'yan itatuwa sun lalace. Peas an dawo da su wuri guda ba a baya bayan shekaru 4.

Ciyarwa da magabata

A kan aiwatar da girma, ba a da ake so don ciyar da amfanin gona (wannan yana haifar da sake gina koren kore zuwa lalata ciyawar fure da 'ya'yan itace), amma ƙasa tana cike da kwayoyin halitta. Yawancin kwayoyin halitta (takin da taki) mafi yawanci ana kawo su a karkashin tumatir - zasu kasance magabata na kwarai da peas, da sauran filayen. M dasa bayan kabewa, dankalin turawa.

Dasa dankali da Peas

Sau da yawa, ana shuka peas kai tsaye a filin dankalin turawa (ana sanya tsaba a cikin ramuka tare da tubers). Wannan hanyar namo tana da magabata da abokan hamayya. Peas ba zai yi gasa mai yawa don ci gaban dankali ba, ya yi akasin haka, za su kare tubersan tazara daga wireworms. Abinda kawai ya hana shine sarrafa dankali daga irin dankalin turawa irin na Colorado, wanda bayan wannan ba za'a iya cin ƙwarya koran ci ba. Sabili da haka, dankali za a iya dasa idan ana yiwa 'ya'yan itace ƙira daga ƙwaro kafin dasawa.

Shiri wani shafi don dasa Peas

Shirye-shiryen ƙasa a cikin fall

Dangane da abinci mai gina jiki, al'ada ba ta raguwa. Babban yanayin shine friability, tsaka tsaki na ƙasa. Idan ƙasa ta kasance acidic, na farko (tun kaka) amfani da lemun tsami lambu (250-300 g a 1 m²).

Yataccen ƙasa mai kyau ya kamata a ciyar da shi. Wannan zai fi kyau a lokacin faduwa. Don digging, ƙara humus ko takin (0.5 buckets a kowace 1 m²), 30 g na potassium nitrate da 20 g na superphosphate.

A cikin bazara, da zaran ruwan ya narke, tono wurin daga sake kuma fitar da shi.

Takin dabino na peas lokacin dasa shuki a bazara

Peas na buƙatar phosphate da takin potash. Idan baku shirya shafin ba tun daga faduwar, lokacin dasawa zaku iya sanya su cikin layuka bisa ga umarnin mai siyarwa (amfani da superphosphate, potassium nitrate).

Sai na jiƙa Peas kafin dasa shuki?

A hankali bincika kayan dasa, magance ƙarancin inganci (ya karye, ya buga, an shafe shi da aibobi, dige). Abubuwan ƙarancin waje na iya zama mai lalacewa - don tabbatarwa ta gaba, sanya gishiri 30 g na gishiri a cikin maganin sodium chloride (kowace lita 1 na ruwa). Zubewa zuwa kasan, ya dace da dasa. Kurkura su da ruwa mai ɗumi.

Don shuka, zaka iya amfani da bushewar tsaba, amma idan aka makaɗa, za su yi saurin sauri. A kowane hali, yana da amfani a lalata ƙwayar: don minti 5-7, sanya 1 g a cikin maganin boric acid (a cikin 5 l na ruwa).

Yadda ake jiƙa Peas kafin dasa shuki

Soaking ya ƙunshi hanyoyi biyu, tare da ɗan bambanci. Zaɓi abin da ya fi dacewa da mafi karɓa a gare ku.

Nawa ne narkar da Peas kafin dasa shuki? Cokali a cikin kwano

Shirya tsaba, cika su da ruwa mai ɗaci don an rufe su gaba ɗaya, amma babu ƙari.
Tsarin matsewa ya kai kimanin awanni 6 zuwa 6.
Overexposure na dasa abu ne wanda ba a ke so: idan kumfa sun fito ne daga tsaba, hakan na nuna cewa a wasu daga cikinsu sun mutu ne.
Yana da kyau zuwa jiƙa da dare, da safe ci gaba da shuka.

Yadda za a shirya Peas don dasa shuki ko da sauri Warming a cikin thermos

Zazzabi yakamata yakai kimanin 45 ° C. Cika tsaba a cikin thermos ka riƙe na tsawon awanni 3. A wannan lokacin, suna cike da ruwa da kuma kumbura.

Soas Peas kafin dasa shuki na kara haɓaka zuriya ta kwanaki 2-3.
Soya a cikin mafita na shiri na musamman tare da abubuwa masu ba da rai (humate, epin) yana da amfani, amma idan ba haka ba, to, ruwan pea shima ya wadatar.
Tsarin ƙarshe shine disinfection: na minti 5-7, saka a cikin maganin boric acid (5 g na ruwa, 1 g).

Yadda ake fitar da peas na shuka

Ba a daɗaɗa peas a peas; ya kamata ka ƙyale izinin ƙwayar ƙwayar pea kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, saboda tushen Tushen da zai lalace lokacin dasawa kuma babu wasu shuki. Sabili da haka, jiƙa tsaba ba fiye da sa'o'i 6-10 ba, kuma dasa shuki a kai tsaye.

Tsarin dasa Peas a bude ƙasa

Single jere saukowa juna

Daidaita dasa Peas a buɗe tare da tsaba a cikin bazara photo

Bayan an shirya gado (an haƙa ƙasa kuma an yi leveled), zaku iya fara shuka. Menene nisan lokacin da ake dasa peas? Tsarin dasa ya dogara da nau'in shuka: tsakanin layuka suna kiyaye nesa kusan 20 cm don harsashi da 30 cm don sukari. Matsakaicin tazara tsakanin tsire-tsire mutum shine 4-5 cm

Don nau'ikan tsayi, dasa amfanin layin-layi sau da yawa ana amfani dashi.

Pea dasa a cikin layi biyu hoto

Nisa tsakanin layuka lokacin dasa shuki Peas bisa ga wannan makirci:

Tsakanin layin yana da nisan kusan 20-30 cm, tsakanin layuka za a buƙaci rata na 8-10 cm.
Kyakkyawan nesa tsakanin tsire-tsire mutum shine 4-5 cm.

Wajibi ne a tabbatar da tallafi a kan gado, nisa tsakanin tsirrai ɗaya na iya ƙara dan kadan. Kamar yadda ake tallafawa, ana amfani da tsubbaran katako, igiyoyi suna jan tsakanin su. Peas zai manne da su tare da antennae kuma za su yi kyau sosai.

Zurfin wuri iri ya dogara da friability na kasar gona. Idan ƙasa mai haske ce - shuka zuwa zurfin 5-6 cm, lokacin shuka a cikin ƙasa mai yumɓu mai zurfi, ka zurfafa ta 3-4 cm. Kada ka yi zurfi sama da 3 cm, tunda tsuntsaye na iya ƙyanƙyashe tsaba.

Don nau'in mara kunya (dwarf), ana amfani da makirci daban

Yadda ake tallafi don haɓaka hoto na peas

An shuka peas dwarf a cikin gadaje gwargwadon shirin 15x15 cm. Mafi zurfin wurin yin zurfin zurfin shine 5-6 cm Girman gadaje shine 0.8-1.2 m, jere jera shine 70 cm.

Yadda ake shuka

A cikin duka halayen biyu, shuka da kanta tana faruwa a irin wannan yanayin. Yi grooves tare da zurfin 5-6 cm. Zuba tare da ruwa mai dumi, sanya tsaba a ƙasa, yayyafa tare da ƙasa a saman, dan kadan m. Idan kasar gona ta cika, cika kasar gona da manya-manyan takaddun ma'adinai mai hadaddun.

Nan da nan bayan dasa, yana da kyau a rufe tare da tsare don kwanaki da yawa domin a ƙasa dumama ƙasa.

Kulawa fis din waje

Fis girma goyon baya hoto

Hanya da kuma hatsi

Kula da albarkatun pea yakan sauko zuwa ga ciyawar zamani da kuma shayarwa. Lokacin da matasa tsire-tsire girma kadan (kimanin makonni 2 bayan fitowan), a hankali kwance ƙasa kuma aiwatar da tsaunin.

Watse

Pea bai yarda da zafi da fari ba - ruwa zai buƙaci yalwatacce. Kada a bada izinin waterlogging (muhimmin juzu'i na iya haɓaka), tare da isasshen hazo, ba a buƙatar ruwa. Litersara lita 9-10 na ruwa a 1 m², musamman wannan ya kamata a la'akari dashi yayin furanni da zubar 'ya'yan itatuwa.

Bayan ruwan sama da ruwa, sassauta ƙasa. Cire sako a kai a kai.

Manyan miya

Idan kun kula da ƙimar abinci na ƙasa kafin shuka, takin zamani a lokacin da ake girma ba a buƙata. In ba haka ba, ya kamata a yi amfani da takaddun ma'adinai mai rikitarwa lokacin da seedlings suka yi girma zuwa tsawo na kimanin cm 10. Kuna iya sake ciyar da ita a lokacin furanni.

Kuna iya jin daɗin 'ya'yan itacen m kamar mako biyu bayan fure. Don kare saukowa daga tsuntsaye, rufe tare da raga a saman.

Cutar da kwari

Daga cikin cututtukan, mildew powdery na iya haifar da matsala. An dasa shuka da fure mai kyau, haɓaka haɓakawa yana raguwa, wanda ke rage damar samun kyakkyawan girbi. Don magance, yi amfani da shirye-shirye na halitta: jiko na filin shuka thistle (300 g na ganyayyaki a kowace l 10 na ruwa, nace na awa 8). Bayan sati daya, maimaita magani.

Daga cikin kwari, babban hadari shine kalar ganye ko ciyawar fis. Caterpillars hunturu a cikin ƙasa bude, kuma a cikin bazara juya zuwa cikin manya, wanda sa qwai kan greenery. Daga cikin wadannan, caterpillars sake bayyana, wanda ku ci matasa sprouts, haifar da mummunar lalacewar plantings. Don dalilai na rigakafin, ana amfani da digging na kaka mai zurfi na shafin. Shuka da wuri. Ya kamata a kula da ƙananan tsire-tsire tare da jiko na taba, tsutsa, ganye na celandine, fi na tumatir ko asalin burdock.

Girbi

Pea girbi yana farawa a ƙarshen ƙarshen Yuni da farkon Yuli. Ku ciyar dashi akai-akai, kamar yadda 'ya'yan itacen suka cika. Yankan farji a hankali don kada su lalata mai tushe.

Varietiesallan llawan iska (waɗanda ake amfani da su don fitar da ƙamshin kore) ana girbe su yayin da ake kammala ganyen m ganye kuma ƙwayayen sun kai girman girman su.

Tarin nau'in nau'in sukari yana farawa lokacin da suka zama mai launin fata, kore, m da taushi, tare da ƙarancin ciyawar. Yawan aiki daga 1 m² kusan 1.5 kilogiram.

Don haɓaka yawan aiki, ya kamata a girbe Peas a kullun, yana datse waɗanda suka fi dacewa. Cire bushe da murkushe filayen adon don kada su dauke karfin shuka kuma kar a hana ci gaban matasa kwafsa.

Ana yin cikakken girbi lokacin da ƙananan kwanson girma da bushe. Yanke tsirrai, damfara kuma rataya a cikin duhu, ɗakin bushe mai iska mai kyau. Ka tattara da kuma adana wake da aka dafa a cikin kwalin gilashin iska.