Mole bera Ga waɗansu, wannan dabba kyakkyawar ganowa ce, amma ga wasu, maƙwabta ne masu cutarwa wanda ya wajaba don gwagwarmaya koyaushe. Zai lalata tulips, to, zai zama shugaba na gado dankalin turawa - bazara yana cikin yadi, kuma yana washe yanayi!
Wannan wace irin dabba ce wannan?
Ta wata hanya ta rayuwa, kwayar zarra tayi kama da kwayar zarra: tana rayuwa ne ta ƙasa gaba ɗaya, yana haƙa tsinkayen abubuwa na motsawa, yana tura ƙasa da yawa zuwa farfajiya, yana yin moadsly mounds. Amma gabaɗaya, wannan dabba ce daban-daban, ta bambanta da bayyanar ta, tsarin jikinta, dabi'unta, har ma da yanayin cutarwa ...
Mole bera
Bera berayen (Spalax) - halittar dabbobi masu shayarwa daga cikin kwayoyin halittar berayen da ke cikin tsari, sune ke haifar da yanayin rayuwa a karkashin kasa. Tana da kusan nau'ikan 4.
Berayen bera ƙananan dabbobi ne har zuwa 30 - 32 cm tsayi, ba tare da kunnuwa, ba tare da nuna wuya ba, tare da idanu masu ɓoye a ƙarƙashin fata, ƙaramin wutsiya mai ƙyalƙyali da gajeriyar fur. Ba kamar motsi da ke ciyar da kwari ba, dabbobi suna ciyar da abincin tsirrai - suna cin rhizomes, Tushen, ƙwaya, da kwararan fitila. Don zuwa ga ɓangaren m na tsirrai, ja su ta tushe daga rami. Bean, laima, da asteraceae suna matukar son su. Mai tushe da ganye ana cinye shi sosai a lokacin bazara da farkon bazara.
Tsarin motsi da berayen sun hade. Farkon matakin shine abinci, wanda yake a zurfin 20 - 25 cm daga farfajiyar ƙasa. Na biyun, ya hada da haɗa tashoshi, lokacin bazara da kuma lokacinn hunturu, shagunan sayar da kayayyaki, ana samun su a zurfin 3-4 m.
Idan moles sassauta kasar gona da gaban paws, to tawadar Allah berayen da iko incisors. Haka ne, kuma tarin tsiro a cikin "tsararrun halittu" fiye da moles. Easan da aka fitar a farfajiya ya kai yawan kilogram 10 kuma yana narkar da nisan kusan 50 cm.
Berayen bera sunfi son warewa. A karo, maza suna faɗa har sai an bar mutum ɗaya da rai. Amma a lokaci guda, ga kowane namiji akwai mata 1 - 2 waɗanda suke tare da su waɗanda ke tare da su a lokacin kiwo. Yankin 1 ha zai iya zama a lokaci guda ta 3 zuwa 20 (kuma wasu lokuta) dabbobi.
Lokacin da yafi aiki a rayuwar dabbobi shine Maris, Afrilu da Mayu. Da bazara, sannan kuma a cikin hunturu, an rage muhimmiyar ayyukansu, amma ba sa yin hibernate.
Habitat
Iyalin Slepyshev suna da nau'i huɗu. Kowannensu yana da mazauninsa, amma a gaba ɗaya ana samun dabbobi a cikin ɓangaren steppes, daji-steppes, hamada, jeji, kuma da wuya a bayan bakin daji. Fi son kasa da yawa matsakaici, guje wa kasa lãka da yashi. Kada ku zauna cikin wurare masu laima kuma a cikin gishirin gishiri.
Molehill tawadar Allah berayenC Harta daga tawadar Allah berayen
Thearfin ƙwayar berayen yana da girma babba. Yana da alaƙa da halayensu: tuddai na ƙasa suna ƙyalli bayyanar daɗaɗɗen wuraren shakatawa, wahalar da aiki a cikin filayen, hayfields da kuma wuraren lambun Cin tsire-tsire yana lalata shuki, yana lalata gadaje-fure.
Dankali, masara, albasa, legumes, karas, fodder da beets sugar suna fama da dabbobi. Don wata rana, dabba guda ta lalata daga bushesan itace 4 zuwa 6.
A wasu yankuna, dabbobi suna lalata kusan 20% na amfanin gwoza, 10% na masara da kusan 15% na kayan dankalin turawa. A hannun jari na bera ɗaya, ana samun 18 kg na waɗannan albarkatu masu mahimmanci.
Haɓar tawadar gargajiya.
Matakan don sarrafa berayen bera
Matakan da za a yi don magance kwari berayen sun zo daidai da matakan magance moles. Koyaya, kamar yadda yake a karo na biyu, galibi basu da tasiri kuma suna buƙatar juriya.
Musamman, maimaita zurfin digging na kasar gona, lalata tsarin ciyar da abubuwan da ke cikin su, yana taimakawa kawar da kwari. Yaki da kamshi. Yi amfani da masu siyar da da aka siya.
Zaka iya kama berayen da hannu. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar gano ramin da aka haƙa, nemi wata ƙofar kuma tono shi. Dabba bata yarda da zane-zane ba saboda haka, wataƙila, zata yi ƙoƙarin gyara hanyar da ta lalace, a wannan lokacin zai yuwu ta kama shi.
Hanyar sadarwar farfajiya daga cikin ragon kwaya.
Suna fitar da dabbar daga ramin kuma da taimakon ruwa. Don yin wannan, nemo dutsen raƙumin dutsen hade da yumɓu, wannan shine ƙofar rami tare da gida, kuma cika shi.
A wasu wuraren akwai shawarwari kan amfani da tarkuna, amma wadanda suka hadu da wata dabba sunce kwayar ta bera ta wani bangaren ya sansu kuma ya kuma tsallake su.
