Plantungiyar matattara, wacce mahaifarta ita ce Indiya da kudu maso gabashin Asiya, ƙaunatattun 'yan Rasha sun ƙaunace ta saboda kyawawan halayenta da kyawawan halaye. Girma momordic baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, saboda haka ana iya samun sau da yawa ba wai kawai a cikin lambun ko greenhouse ba, har ma a cikin gidaje birane.
A al'adar nasa ne da kabewa iyali da girma a cikin hanyar winding shekara-shekara itacen inabi tare da tsawo har zuwa 2 mita. A cikin hulɗa tare da shuka, ƙone na iya bayyana, wanda ya ba shi damar kare kanta daga kwari daban-daban. Wannan dukiyar ta ɓace lokacin da aka fara amfani da 'ya'yan itace.
Girma momordica daga tsaba
Don yaduwar shuka, ana iya amfani da hanyar yanka da iri iri. Hanya ta biyu ita ce mafi inganci kuma ana cikin buƙata. Girma momordica daga tsaba ana iya yin shi kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa buɗe, amma tunda shuka tana son zafi, yana da kyau a jira seedlings a gida.
Za'ayi shuka ne a farkon ko tsakiyar bazara a matakai da yawa:
- Tattara tsaba masu launi masu duhu-duhu;
- Yanke hanci na zuriya tare da fayil ɗin ƙusa ko sandpaper mai kyau, cire yadudduka na ƙazamar m;
- Don lalata ƙwayar tsaba, faduwa a taƙaice zuwa mafita mai ƙarfi na potassiumgangan;
- Kunsa a cikin laushi mai laushi mai laushi kuma ku bar a cikin wuri mai ɗumi (aƙalla + 23 ° C) har saiwoyi fari suka bayyana.
Kada ku riƙe tsaba a cikin potassiumgangan na tsayi da yawa, wannan na iya haifar da lalata.
Ana iya samun babban adadin germination ta hanyar dasa shuki biyu a cikin tanki na peat na musamman tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki zuwa zurfin 1.5 cm da ruwa sosai. A nan gaba, rufe kwantena tare da fim, ƙirƙirar yanayin greenhouse kuma tafi. Amincewa da tsarin zafin jiki da ake buƙata, seedlings ya kamata ya bayyana a makonni biyu.
Kulawar seedling
Don girma mamordica akan kanku, bayan harbe na farko sun bayyana, kuna buƙatar cire fim kuma sanya seedlings a wuri mai rana. Wajibi ne a kula da danshi na kasar gona, hana bushewa waje da fitar da tsire-tsire kowace rana. Bayan jiran bayyanar ganye guda biyu akan kowane tsiro, ya zama dole don ɗauka, barin ƙazamar ƙarfi a cikin tukunyar. Bayan wannan, zaku iya fara shirya momordic don dasawa a ƙasa mai buɗewa. Saboda wannan, tsire-tsire suna taurare kamar haka:
- Ana ɗaukar tukwane a kan titi, a hankali suna ƙara lokaci daga awanni 2 zuwa rana, suna ƙara awoyi 1.5 kowace rana.
- Sanya seedlings a cikin gidan shinkafa kuma kuyi ta ta kwatankwacin wannan makirci, yayin da yakamata a kare tsiron daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
Da zaran matsakaicin lokacin da aka kashe a cikin iskar sabo ya isa kwana guda, zaku iya fara dasawa a cikin kasa.
Fasahar zamani
Lokacin mafi kyau duka lokacin dasa shuki momordica a bude take za'a iya daukar kwanaki 45 bayan shuka. Don kada shuka ya mutu a daren sanyi, yanayin zafin iska kada ya zama ƙasa da + 15 ° C. gardenerswararrun lambu sun ba da shawarar jiran bishiyar apple su yi fure, ko dasa shuki a cikin gonar kore.
Temperaturearancin zafin jiki na iska na iya haifar da tsinkayuwa da mutuwar mamordiki mai tsananin zafi.
Matsayi Canji:
- Ramin rami mai zurfi 35 cm, a cikin girman 55 cm tsakanin su;
- Sanya shuka a cikin rami ta hanyar natsuwa ba tare da hargitsi dunkin da ke ciki, ko kuma tare da tataccen peat;
- Zuba a saman tare da ƙasa kuma zuba a cikin nauyin 3 lita na ruwa a ƙarƙashin tushe guda.
Dukkanin ayyuka dole ne a yi su da tsananin kulawa, a kiyaye kada a lalata tushen tushe.
Abun ƙasa da buƙatun wuri
Saukowa a cikin ƙasa na budewar mamordica yana buƙatar wasu yanayi, tun da tushen tsarin na bakin ciki baya yarda da dasawa. Layasar Clay tare da yashi da humus tare da ƙarancin acidity ko rashin daidaituwa ana ɗauka mafi kyau. A gaban ƙasa mai acidic, ya wajaba don haɗa shi da lemun tsami a cikin adadin 200 g a 1 m daga kaka2.
Kafin dasa shuki, ya zama dole don kwance ƙasa kuma zuba shi tare da takin gargajiya. A nan gaba, ya kamata a ciyar da seedlings sau biyu a wata, ana ba da takin potash da phosphorus.
Don girma momordica, kokwamba na Indiya ya zaɓi zaɓar da ke da kariya daga zane-zane da hasken rana kai tsaye, amma tare da isasshen haske. Al'adar ta ji daɗin kyau a waɗancan wuraren da tumatir, legumes, kabewa ko dankali suka girma.
Kulawar Momordica
Noma da kulawa da momordica suna da lambobi da yawa. Idan shuka ya girma a cikin yanayin birni a kan baranda, to, dole ne a goge shi. Ana iya yin wannan tare da buroshi mai laushi, ta hanyar canja launin fure daga furen mace zuwa mace, ko kuma kawai ta taɓa shi da mace.
Don haɓaka adadin 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, yana da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar daji a lokaci. Don yin wannan, cire duk harbe harbe da ke ƙasa da mita 0.5 daga ƙasa, da zaran farkon ovary ya bayyana.
Watse
Girma momordica a lokacin tsinkaye na aiki yana haifar da yawan ruwa a kai a kai. Yana da muhimmanci a lura da danshi na kasar gona, hana bushewa ta fita, duk da haka, shayar da shuka ya cika tare da jujjuya tushen sa. Kowane maraice, ya kamata a fesa al’adar da ruwan dumi.
Yanawa
A kasar gona domin shuka ya kamata sako-sako. Ana iya samun wannan ta hanyar mulching tare da bambaro. A cikin irin wannan yanayi, tsutsotsi suna haɓaka aikin da ke daidai tare da humus. Don kawar da loosening na yau da kullun da weeding zai taimaka fim ɗin baƙar fata, wanda ya rufe yankin gaba ɗaya tare da dasa shuki. Bugu da kari, ba ta bari duniya ta bushe ba, tana riƙe da tururi.
Aikace-aikacen taki
An fara ciyarwa a farkon farkon fure, na biyu - yayin samuwar 'ya'yan itatuwa, na ƙarshe - makonni biyu kafin girbi. Kamar yadda takin zamani, zaka iya amfani da hadaddun mahafa ma'adinan da aka sayo a cikin wani shago na musamman, ko mahaɗan kwayoyin halitta (gilashin naman saniya da lita 10 na ruwa).
Garter
Kafin ku girma momordica a gida, yana da daraja la'akari da cewa liana ce. Don cikakken girma, tana buƙatar tallafi a tsaye. Wannan aikin ana iya taka shi ta bango na ginawa tare da igiya ta tsaye, ko kuma firam da aka saka musamman. Ana sanya ƙananan goyon baya a tsayi na 85 cm daga matakin ƙasa, kuma da zaran shuka ya isa gareshi, dole ne a tsayar da daji kuma a zana shi, yana sake komawa 25 cm a saman ginin.
Girbi
Lokacin girma jarin momordic, yana da mahimmanci ku tattara fruitsa fruitsan kan lokaci. Wannan ya kamata a yi shi kwanaki 14 bayan sun bayyana, in ba haka ba za su yi ɗaci. Mafi sau da yawa ana girbi ne da za'ayi, da more aiki 'ya'yan itacen Bears daji. Idan kun bar 'ya'yan itãcen marmari a kan shuka, zai yi rauni sosai.
Kafin 'ya'yan itatuwa su bayyana, tare da hulɗa tare da shuka za ku iya samun ƙonewa, saboda haka ya kamata a yi matakan kulawa tare da safofin hannu da riguna.
Kwaro da Cututtuka
Momordica yana kama da cucumbers ba kawai a cikin bayyanar ba. Amfanin gona yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka iri iri da kwari, kowannensu yana buƙatar magani:
- kwayan cuta (cakuda Bordeaux);
- aphids (mahaɗan sunadarai na musamman);
- powdery mildew (fungicides);
- farin rot.
Shuka na iya juya launin rawaya saboda sauyin yanayi. A irin wannan yanayin, ana iya bi da shi tare da albasa jiko ko ash. Lokacin da lalata tushen tsarin kewayen daji, kuna buƙatar zuba sabo ƙasa mai ƙanshi. Don kauce wa cututtuka da hare-hare kwaro, kuna buƙatar yin la’akari da yadda aka yawaita yawan ruwa, tunda shuka tana raunana galibi saboda lalacewar tsarin sa.
Bayan fitar da lokacin da za a shuka momordica da kuma yadda za a kula da shi yadda ya kamata, za ku iya amince fara dasa al'adun gargajiya a kan wani shinge na gona ko ma baranda.
