Goryanka, ko fure mai tsayi fure mai fure

Epimedium, ko Goryanka, ana kiransa mafi dacewa don cike ƙasa a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi da tsirrai tare da shuka. Al'adar 'yar kasa tare da ganyayyaki masu ban mamaki a Yammacin Yamma an san shi da farko saboda fure: m da m, shi a cikin wani hasken da ba a bayyana ba kamar wahayi. Yana da don kyawawan furanni waɗanda epimedium ɗin ya karɓi suna mai suna "fure na kwatancen." Saurin haɓaka, da ikon cike ƙasa a cikin mafi ƙarancin lokacin da ba zai yiwu ba - ba duk gwanin wannan shuka ba.

A m bayyanar wani ba quite talakawa ƙasa

Epimedium shine sananne mafi kyau a ƙarƙashin sunan Goryanka. A cikin Turai, ana kiran wannan shuka a sauƙaƙe - "flower of the elves." Rashin nauyi, rawar jiki, fure mai matukar ban sha'awa na shuka ya haifar da kwalliya ta ban mamaki kuma cikin tasirin sihirinsu da asirin da za'a iya daidaita shi zuwa aquilegia kawai.

Goryanka, ko kuma Epimedium barlique 'Orangekönigin' (Epimedium x warleyense). Bert Herbert Frei

Epimediums sune perennials na herbaceous wanda ke samar da murfin ganye mai laushi mai laushi mai tsayi da tsayi a cikin tsawon tsayi har zuwa rabin mita. Wasu epimediums suna da yawa, wasu suna friable, kuma sakamakon labulen lafazi ko yadin da aka saka kai tsaye ya dogara da girman ganyayyaki. Branaƙƙarfan ƙwayar cuta, daɗaɗaɗɗar da ke sararin sama rhizome a hankali yana shimfidawa, yana saki sabon ganye kuma sannu a hankali ya mutu a tsakiyar.

Epimediums haɗu game da 50 nau'ikan hunturu-kore da tsire-tsire masu yanke shawara, kodayake kayan girke-girken ganye sune yawancin kullun-kore. Kyawawan, pinnate sau uku ko sau uku, babban isa, tare da fifikon ko ganye mai siffa kibiya sun bambanta a cikin fata, m mai laushi da launuka daban-daban. A wasu goryanka, ganyen suna da haske sosai kuma kore kore, a wasu an yi musu ado da marassa aibobi masu launin shuɗi ko lemo tare da jijiyoyin da gefuna, wanda hakan yana sa su da kyau. Yawan nau'in Evergreen duk hunturu suna yin ado da lambuna tare da zane mai ban sha'awa, maye gurbin ganye a kakar mai zuwa, a watan Mayu; talakawa sauke ganye bayan na farko da sanyi.

Goryanka, ko Epimedium ja (Epimedium x rubrum). Bert Herbert Frei

Epimedium blooms a watan Mayua lokacin da a kan alfadari na kyawawan ganye ya ba da furanni masu daɗi kamar da kunya. Kai 2 cm a diamita, ba kamar sauran tsire-tsire ba ne. Epimedium ya wajabta ta asali siffar furanni zuwa kabarin da aka shirya a cikin layuka biyu, yayin da ƙananan ƙananan "petals" sun faɗi bayan buɗe, kuma ciki na ciki an tsallaka ta hanya, asali yana jaddada siffar rarrabuwa ko duka kuma mai girma mai ƙarfi. A cikin lambobin tarihi da yawa, an yi wa furannin kwalliya da sifa. Siffar sabon abu yana ƙara ƙarfafa ne kawai ta hanyar ladabi mai zurfi wanda ke haifar da ƙyalli na ko dai mara nauyi, haske mai haske na fure-fure da yawa a cikin iska, ko kallonta cikin ganyayyaki matasa na abubuwan tatsuniyar tatsuniya.

Paloti mai launi na Goryanka yana haɗuwa da haɗuwa iri iri da kuma tabarau na sabon abu fari, jan, shuɗi da sautunan launin rawaya.

Epimediums ba su rasa adorativeness na shekarun da suka gabata ba. Wasu nau'ikan suna da haɗari ga mutuwar tsakiyar labulen kuma a farkon alamun wannan tsari yana da kyau a raba su kuma canza su, amma yawancin suna girma a wuri guda fiye da shekaru 10.

Nau'in goryanka

Epimediums har yanzu basu gama gari ba, amma sun cancanci amfani da fa'ida a cikin zane na lambuna ta tsirrai. Waɗannan su ne al'adun duniya kuma 'yan' 'biyayya' da za su iya ƙirƙira haruffa masu ban mamaki da murfi.

Goryanka, ko babban Epimedium 'Queen Esta' (Grandimlorum Epimedium). Ard JardinsLaeds

Yau a cikin zane mai faɗi a cikin ƙungiya ta tsakiya, ana amfani da irin waɗannan nau'in haushi kamar:

• mafi mashahuri epimedium manyan-flowered tare da wintering zuciya-dimbin yawa tagulla ganye samar da alfarwa har zuwa 30 cm high, manyan furanni marmari a cikin inflorescences har zuwa 15 inji mai kwakwalwa;
• ɗayan kyawawan kore hunturu Epimedium Perralderi, ƙirƙirar murfin mara nauyi mai yawa game da 30 cm babba na ganye mai sau uku, canza launi daga tagulla zuwa kore mai duhu, an yi masa ado da gefen wuta da babban, iyakar launin rawaya-tare da ja, furanni waɗanda aka tattara a goga;
• epimedium yaƙe-yaƙe, samar da jaket masu yawa da manyan jaket har zuwa 50 cm a tsayi tare da ganyayyaki sake yin faratun kaka da m inflorescences m;
• matasan kwayar cutar kansa tare da ganye-kore ganye a sako-sako da, yadin da aka saka sods har zuwa 60 cm high da nauyi peduncles da kananan farin-ruwan hoda, amma yawa furanni;
• An bambanta ta gefen kwalliya da ganyen ganye da furanni masu launin shuɗi guzberi lowy;
• cirrus goryanka - perenni-rabin tare da kyawawan ganye da aka watsa da kuma kyawawan launuka, amma akwai ƙarancin furanni tare da furanni masu kyan gani.
• dan kadan, 35 zuwa 40 cm ba tsayi epimedium ja tare da furanni ruwan hoda wanda aka yi wa ado da fararen fararen kaya da kyawawan ganye masu launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, wanda sannan ƙirƙirar murfin kore mai yawa;
• matasan matsakaici-sized goryanka launuka masu yawa tare da launuka masu yawa tare da ganyayyaki masu siffa-launi tare da kyawawan launuka masu launin shuɗi a cikin ganyayyaki matasa;
• ba wuce 30 cm ba ga tsayi M Mountain Evergreen Colchis tare da ganyayyaki masu ban sha'awa sosai, canza launi a cikin fall zuwa tagulla da ƙarfe na ambaliya, da furanni masu launin rawaya masu kama da orchids (suna ba da canopy mai matsakaici);
• forming da ban mamaki kyau textured kifin katako deciduous kananan-leaved epimedium korean har zuwa 20 cm tsayi tare da kyawawan furanni, kyawawan furanni masu launin shuɗi;
• tsumburai, kawai zuwa 20 cm tsayi da fari fari goryanka dusar ƙanƙara tare da matasa na tagulla, mai launi mai haske lokacin bazara da kayan fito na launin ruwan kasa, waɗanda manyan furanni suka taru cikin gogewa mai ban sha'awa;
• iri bai isa ba amma yayi saurin girma Epimedium yana da girma tare da cirrus, tagulla a hankali ganye kore, rataye fararen furanni ko shuɗi mai launin shuɗi wanda ya fara tashi a farkon bazara (yana buƙatar wuri mai haske ko inuwa mai santsi);

Goryanka pinnatifolia, ko pinimim Epimedium (Epimedium pinnatum). Hart Ruth Hartnup

Mafi kyawun nau'ikan launuka iri-iri:

• dimbin launuka masu launin "Sulfurum" tare da ganyayyaki na ban mamaki, wanda akan sa jijiyoyin kore suna haskakawa, sannan wannan kyakkyawan launi ya rufe dukkan faranti kuma yana bada sakamako mafi girma ga alfarwa mai yawan gaske;
• babban zauren "Frohnleiten" tare da inflorescences rawaya da m, ganye mai haske;
• babban flowered epimedium "Lilafey" da Lilacinum tare da furanni na fure tare da furanni maras kyau;
• goryanka babbar-Rose "Sarauniyar Rose" tare da furanni masu ban sha'awa launuka masu kama da haske;
• babban abin farin ciki "Fari Sarauniya"wanda manyan furanni suna da kamar sabo kuma kusan lu'ulu'u ne;
• sa Goryanka na 'Orange Konigin' tare da manyan furanni da ganyayyaki masu duhu.

Aikace-aikacen a cikin tsarin lambuna:

• azaman filayen ƙasa da filayen filaye a gandun daji da bishiyoyi, musamman manyan;
• a cikin gadaje na fure na fure da massifs;
• don yin kwalliyar wurare masu inuwa da kuma sassan arewacin tsaunukan tsaunukan dutse da tsaunukan dutse;
• azaman filler na ƙasa a shading ko "mai haɗawa" a cikin kayan ɗakunan kayan ado;
• domin narkar da zane a kan ciyawa da sharewar daga kayan kasa.

Goryanka, ko Epimedium na matasa 'Niveum' (Epimedium x youngianum). Ine Kristine Paulus

Mafi kyawun abokan aiki don goryanka za su kasance: primrose, fern, hosta, medunica, tiarella, ƙananan albarkatun kwan fitila, aquilegia.

Yanayin da ake buƙatar epimediums

Epimediums suna daya daga cikin abin dogaro kuma ingantattun kayan lambu. Suna iya dacewa da sauƙi ga yanayin haske daban-daban, duk da haka, kayan aikinta galibi suna shafar fure da kyan gani. Haushi mai zurfi ya fi yawa a cikin penumbra, amma a lokaci guda ganyayyaki na al'ada ba su rasa kyakkyawa, ko kaurin murfin, ko ikon canza launuka daga kakar zuwa kakar a cikin inuwa mafi kauri da zafin rana. Suna yin ado da kewayen bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi, suna yanko ƙasa a ƙarƙashinsu.

Amma zaɓin halayen ƙasa yana buƙatar biyan ƙarin hankali. Epimediums suna kula da danshi mai yawa, hana ruwa, saboda haka ba za a iya dasa su a wurare tare da babban abin da ya faru na ruwan karkashin kasa ba kuma a cikin ƙasa mai taushi. Wannan tsire-tsire ya fi dacewa da kowane rigar, sabo, ingantaccen, sako-sako da ƙoshin ƙasa tare da yashi ko kayan yumɓu da babban abun ciki na taki ko wasu abubuwa. Acidity na ƙasa ya zama tsaka tsaki.

Goryanka an shuka shi ne domin ryazome an binne 5 cm daga layin ƙasa. Kyakkyawan nesa tsakanin shuka shine 35-40 cm.

Kula da Epimedium

Ga mafi yawan bangare, haushi yana ƙaunar aƙalla hasken wuta amma ƙasa danshi yake. Daga cikin su akwai nau'in fari-mai haƙuri, amma idan kuna son cimma mafi girman ado da yawan fure, ya fi kyau ku samar da tsirrai tare da shayarwa a lokacin fari.

Epimedium manyan-'Fatar duhu'. Lif Dutsen

Epimediums ba sa buƙatar riguna masu ƙarfi a ciki. Zazzage ciyawa domin hunturu zai rage hanyoyin - ciyarwa guda tare da takin gargajiya ko cikakken ma'adinai (nitrophosic) a farkon bazara. Epimedium da kanta na iya zama tushen taki ga bishiyoyi da kewayen da ke kewaye. Bayan mutuwa, ganyen epimedium ya zama tushen abinci mai mahimmanci kuma suna taka rawar ciyawa ta ciyawa ta kowane tsirrai. A lokaci guda, duka nau'ikan epimedium biyu masu ƙyalli da kullun suna iya yin wannan aikin.

Biya kulawa ta musamman wajen shirya don hunturu. Goryanka ba ya tsoron sanyi, amma ba ya amsa da kyau ga masu bushewar dusar ƙanƙara. Don kare su daga tsauraran zafin jiki da sauran abubuwan ban mamaki, sun isa ciyawa tushen tsarin karkashin alfarwa ta ganye, samar da wani lokacin farin ciki m Layer na takina. A cikin farkon shekarun bayan dasawa, musamman idan kun sami epimedium wanda bai dace da yankin ku ba, ba ciyawar hunturu kawai ba, amma kuma yana rufe su da bushe ganye. Cire tsari tare da ganye kai tsaye bayan dusar ƙanƙara.

Danshi da haushi ya kasance yana zubar da ganyayyaki a farkon watan Mayu, amma tsarin yana da saurin hawa kuma yana jinkirin fitar da ganyen matasa. Shi ya sa a cikin hunturu-kore epimediums, yana da kyau don cire ganye da hannu bayan hunturu, yana ƙarfafa duka fure mai ƙarfi da haɓaka da sauri. Ganyayyaki mai ƙyalƙyali ya zuwa matakin ƙasa, komai girman da zai iya nunawa, dole ne a yi shi nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke. Amma mulching Layer kada a cire har sai bacewar da karfi dare frosts.

Goryanka, ko Epimedium na Koriya (Epimedium koreanum). Qwert1234

Epimediums ba sa buƙatar kariya daga kwari da cututtuka: suna rigakafi ga kamuwa da lambun ƙwayar cuta na yau da kullun har ma da kwari. Abokan gabarsu makiyaya ne kawai wanda zai iya cin ganyayen ganye. Idan alamun shan kashi, ɗauki matakan sarrafawa - saita tarkuna, tattara da hannu, amfani da mulching tare da bambaro.

Shuka da kuma haifuwar epimedium

Epimediums suna girma da sauri kuma suna girma da kyau, sun fara samar da murfin m daga shekara ta biyu bayan dasa. Kuma don samun sababbin tsirrai, ana iya rabasu ba wai don alamun tsufa ba, har ma da buƙatu a kusan kowane shekarun shekaru biyu.

Epimedium yana yaduwa ta sassan rhizome. An raba Goryanka a watan Agusta ko a farkon Satumba, za a raba sassan rhizomes tare da akalla kodan 2-3. Don kariya, ya kamata a raba epimedium nan da nan tare da takin da bushe ganye.

Wannan tsire-tsire ba safai ake shuka shi ba, amma suna buƙatar rarrabuwa. Da farko, tsaba suna tsayayya da makonni 3 a zazzabi na 15-20 digiri, to - 1 wata a digiri 2-5. Epimedium ba zai haifar da matsala ba a matakin seedling, amma zai yi fure nan gaba, kawai bayan shekaru 3-4. Ana shuka 'ya'yan itace a nesa da kusan 40 cm daga juna.