Pereskia - ɗayan mafi tsufa na cacti. Kakannin cacti na zamani suma suna da '' ganye '' ganyen ganye, wanda, kamar yadda tsire-tsire suka dace da yanayin yanayin yanayin hamada, suka juya zuwa ƙaya, tushe yana ɗaukar ayyukan ganyayyaki.
Harshen Peresian yana da kusan nau'ikan 20 waɗanda ke rayuwa a wurare masu ɗumi da bushe - daga Meziko a Arewa zuwa tsibirin Kudancin Amurka a kudu.
Caesius
Pereskia (Pereskia)) wani tsohon abu ne na cacti tare da ganye. Kakannin cacti na zamani suna da ganyaye, waɗanda, kamar yadda tsire-tsire suka saba da yanayin yanayin yanayin ƙazantar hamada, sun juya zuwa ƙaya, tushe yana ɗaukar ayyukan ganyayyaki. Mafi yawan peresky - manyan bishiyoyi ko bishiyoyi marasa ƙura mai ƙarfi mai tushe. A wuraren girma ana amfani dasu azaman shinge na kore. Bugu da kari, suna da 'ya'yan itaciyar abinci.
Pereskia suna da sauƙi don kulawa, girma da sauri kuma suna da tsarin tushen ƙarfi. Loversaunar cactus galibi suna amfani da peresia a matsayin jari don grafting sauran cacti, musamman zigocactus.
© Topjabot
Siffofin Girma
Wuri
Peresiya hoto ne mai kyau, ya fi kyau a ajiye shi a kan windowsills a gefen kudu na gidan, yana girgiza shi a cikin sa'o'i masu zafi musamman don ƙone ƙone bai bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki ba. A cikin inuwar Peresia ta daina girma kuma ta mutu. Pereskia shine thermophilic. Yana girma sosai a yanayin zafin rana na 23-25 C. A dare, yawan zafin jiki ya zama ƙasa da digiri. A cikin hunturu, an sanya shuka a cikin ɗakin dumi. Fleshy, lokacin farin ciki ganye suna kula sosai da sanyi.
Haske
Haske mai haske
Watse
A lokacin girma, ana shayar da shuka sosai, amma a tabbata cewa ƙasa tana da lokaci ta bushe kafin a sha ruwa.
Jin zafi
Matsakaici. Ganyen sun fi kyau idan an shuka tsire-tsire akai-akai da ruwa mai laushi, amma bushe iska shima yana jurewa da pereskia.
Kiwo
Propagated by kara cuttings yanke a cikin bazara ko bazara. Cutukan suna dafe cikin hanzari zuwa zazzabi na 25-28 C. Hakanan za'a iya yanke cutukan cikin ruwa.
Juyawa
Pereskia yana buƙatar ƙasa mai kyau da ƙasa wadda za'a iya cakuda shi, gonar ganye da yashi mai kauri, ƙara ƙara gawayi a ciki. Peresia mai saurin girma yana dasawa a cikin bazara kowace shekara a cikin bazara, tsoffin tsire-tsire - kowane shekaru biyu zuwa uku.
Dukiya mai amfani
Loversaunar cactus sau da yawa suna amfani da peresia a matsayin jari don grafting sauran cacti, kuma mafi yawan lokuta ana alurar rigakafin Schlumbergera.
Bot Fayil Mai saukar da Rana
Kulawa
Peresia yana haƙuri da hasken rana kai tsaye, yayi nasara girma a kan windows ta kudu. Tare da isasshen adadin haske, zasu iya girma akan windows na yamma da arewa, amma suna girma da wuya.
Dole ne a tuna da cewa tare da tsawan yanayi a cikin kaka a lokacin kaka, ko kuma bayan samun shuka a hasken rana kai tsaye, ya kamata a ɗanɗano shuka sosai a hankali.
Nasihu da samfurori da samammen da suka tsaya a inuwa (ko bayan hunturu) ba za a iya fallasa su kai tsaye zuwa haskokin rana ba; ya kamata su saba da su a hankali.
A lokacin rani, yana da amfani ga ingantacciyar lafiya da hargitsi na shuka, don jure wa pereskia a cikin iska (baranda, lambun). A wannan yanayin, yakamata a dasa ciyawar don a kiyaye shi daga ruwan sama. Idan baku da yiwuwar ajiye tsire-tsire a cikin bazara a cikin iska, ya kamata ku riƙa sanya iska a kai a kai a ɗakin da ake ajiye giciyen.
A lokacin kaka-hunturu, ana kuma sa shuka a cikin haske. A cikin bazara, tare da karuwa a matakin haske, ƙarin haske ya saba da hankali don guje wa ƙonewa.
An fi son zafin jiki na giciye a kusa da 22-23 ° C, tare da kwararar yawan iska. A cikin kaka, ana saukar da zazzabi zuwa 15 ° C, an shirya shuka don lokacin mai sanyi. A cikin hunturu, tsire-tsire ya fara hutawa - a wannan lokacin yana da kyau a kiyaye shi a zazzabi mai sanyi (12-16 ° C), ba ƙasa da 10 ° C ba. Bayar da ingantaccen hasken wuta, kuma a kai a kai a kwantar da dakin da yake pereskia.
Regular ruwa a cikin bazara da kuma bazara, kamar yadda saman Layer na substrate ta kafe, an rage a cikin fall, da wuya a cikin hunturu, kawai domin ganye ba su tashi a kusa da. Kar ka manta cewa wuce gona da iri yana lalata peresk.
Hum zafi baya taka muhimmiyar rawa.
Daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba, wajibi ne don ciyar da tsire-tsire a kai a kai tare da takin zamani na cacti a cikin rabin taro sau biyu a wata, a lokacin tsananin ba a ciyar da su don guje wa ci gaban da ba a so.. Dole ne a tuna cewa matakin nitrogen a cikin takin mai ma'adinai dole ne ya zama ƙasa da sauran abubuwan, tun da wuce haddi na nitrogen na iya tayar da tushen lalacewar, a koyaushe zaku iya bin wannan rabo: nitrogen (N) -9, phosphorus (P) -18, potassium (K) - 24. Zai fi kyau mu guji amfani da takin gargajiya.
A shuka na bukatar forming pruning, an za'ayi a cikin bazara. Za a iya amfani da sakamakon lalacewa don yaduwa.
Matasa tsintsiya tsintsiya madaidaiciya sau da yawa a shekara - kamar yadda suke girma. Manya - kamar yadda ake buƙata, lokacin da tushen ya cika tukunya. Haɗin yumɓun ƙasa don peresia ya dace da m, sako-sako tare da ƙari na humus (ganye, yumbu-turf, humus, yashi a cikin rabo na 2: 2: 2: 1). Tun da tushen tsarin yana da ƙarfi, wajibi ne a dasa peresia a cikin manyan tukwane. A kasan tukunya yana samar da kyakkyawan malalewa. Bayan juyawa, a matsayin mai mulkin, ingantaccen ci gaba cikin girma ya biyo baya.
Farfagandar ne yaduwa da yawa ta ripened, amma ba lignified, cuttings kafe a cikin wani m, sako-sako da substrate..
An Stan Shebs
Dabbobi
Rajkumarn karakumar. Synonym: Rhodocactus grandifolius, Cactus grandifolius. A ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi, isa zuwa mita 5 a tsayi, akwati ya kai 20 cm a diamita. Ganyayyaki masu launin fata ne masu launuka masu kyau, suna faɗo a cikin hunturu a yanayin zafi ƙasa da 10C. Akwai ɗimbin tsalle-tsalle masu yawa a kan kara, wani lokacin suna kai 2-3 cm tsayi. Pereskia yana da furanni masu ruwan hoda a cikin inflorescences.
Pereskia orange (Pereskia bleo De Candolle). Synonym: Cactus bleo Kunth. Itatuwan ya kai tsayin sama da mita 5 a yanayi. Ganyen suna da yawa; yanayin kwayar cutar a bayyane take a kansu. Yana fure a lokacin rani. Furanni masu haske-ja mai haske, har zuwa 5-6 cm a girma, suna kama da kananan wardi, buɗe daga maraice. Ba za a iya saukad da shi ba, amma 'ya'yan itatuwa masu kamannin rawaya masu haske kamar na abarba. Kirki na yau da kullun na shuka za'a iya ba shi siffar m.
Pereskia farashi (Pereskia aculeata). Tsirrai daga wurare masu zafi na Amurka, inda ake amfani da waɗannan tsire-tsire kamar shinge ko don samun 'ya'yan itaciyar da ake cinyewa - saboda abin da ake kira "Barbados gooseberries." Wannan nau'in Pereskia ya bazu daga kudu maso gabashin Amurka (Florida) zuwa gandun daji da yankuna na Brazil da Paraguay. Itataccen tsalle mai hawa da tsayi ya kai tsawon m 10. Wannan nau'in, wanda aka ɗauka ɗayan wakilan cacti na asali, yana da fleshy, mai yalwataccen tushe mai tushe 1.5 cm a diamita da lanceolate ko ganyayen ganye, kore mai duhu, har zuwa 9 cm tsayi kuma kusan 4 cm faɗi A tsawon lokaci, ganyayen da ke ƙasa a tushe sun faɗi kuma launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi 1 tare da madaidaiciya, matattun launin ruwan kasa masu ɗorewa. A cikin ɓangaren ƙananan sassan areoles, a ƙarƙashin gindin ganye, akwai guntu biyu biyu, masu ƙanƙan idanu. A ƙarshen bazara da farkon kaka, a kan harbe na matasa na Peresia, ƙwararren hoto, launin shuɗi-fari tare da launin ruwan hoda mai haske, furanni mai ɗanɗano tare da diamita na 2,5 - 5 cm fure.
Fada Ya Zaman (Pereskia doshawa) - da dama kafofin ambace shi a matsayin daban jinsin. Amma yawancin marubutan sun danganta shi da nau'in P. thorny (P. aculeata var. Godseffiana).
© Luis Diego & Adolfo Garcia
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
Rashin haɓaka.
Dalilin rashin isasshen ruwa a lokacin rani ko waterlogging a cikin hunturu. Hakanan, wannan na faruwa da in babu lokacin aiki da kuma yawan rani mai ban ruwa.
Tare da rashin haske, musamman a lokacin rani, shuka ya shimfiɗa, tsawon internodes yana ƙaruwa.
Thearshen wrinkled na tushe, a ƙasa akwai aibobi na lalai mai laushi.
Dalilin shine waterlogging na kasar gona, musamman a cikin hunturu.
An lalace: mealybug, gizo-gizo mite, scab.
