Shiksha

Vodyanika (Empetrum), wanda kuma ake kira shiksha, ko kumbon - an wakilta wannan ƙabilar ne ta tsintsiyar da ba ta daɗewa da take da kullun, tana cikin gidan Heather. A cikin irin wannan shukar, faranti na ganye suna zama kamar allurai, furanni basa wakiltar kowane darajar kayan ado. A Arewacin Hemisphere, irin wannan tsire-tsire a ƙarƙashin yanayin halitta sun yaɗu, ba su da yawa a Kudancin Amurka. Hakanan, ana kiran wannan ciyawa na yau da kullun, Berry ko baƙar fata, yeronik, Voronitsa, boggy, veris, psyche, berry nutty, sixa, booze, berry, bagnovka, ciyawa baƙar fata da tattabara. A cikin daji, ya fi son ya yi girma a cikin gandun daji na Pine, a kan kumburin sphagnum, a cikin tundra, a kan yashi da kuma adibas a cikin tsaunukan subalpine da na zifon.

Siffofin birgima

Vodyanik wani karamin tsiri ne wanda ke kaiwa tsawo tsawon santimita 20. Tsawon mai tushe zai iya kaiwa mita 1. Irin wannan shuka a cikin halayenta sunyi kama da lingonberry. Wannan ciyawar tana girma tare da labule, yayin da ƙarin rassa na iya girma a cikin rassanta, saboda abin da labule ke tsiro kullun, yayin da akwai bushewar hankali a hankali daga cikin rassan da ke tsakiyar daji. Ana yin zane mai zurfi masu launin a cikin launin duhu mai duhu. A kai a kai located bagy ganye faranti suna a waje kama da spruce needles, suna da yawa rufe harbe. Kowace ɗayan faranti ba ta fadi daga daji tsawon shekaru 5. Furannin furanni suna da furanni 3 waɗanda zasu iya canza launin ja, shuɗi ko ruwan hoda. Wadannan furanni marasa ma'ana ne. A tsakiyar latitude, shushha fure a cikin watan Afrilu ko Mayu, yayin da a cikin Siberia a watan Mayu ko Yuni. Don pollination, irin wannan shuki suna buƙatar ƙwayoyin kwari, alal misali: ƙudan zuma, kuliyoyi da ƙwari. A waje, 'yan shiksha berries suna kama da shubirin shudi. Su ne m 'ya'yan itãcen marmari m na mai siffar zobe da launi baki, wanda a cikin diamita iya isa 5.5 cm, a ciki suna da 4 tsaba, kuma a farfajiya - wata cuta mai hura wuta. Haɗinsu yana farawa a watan Agusta, alhali ba su fada daga bushes a ko'ina cikin hunturu ba. Ruwan 'ya'yan itace da aka samo daga irin waɗannan' ya'yan itatuwa yana da launin shuɗi. Ana kiran '' overgrowths 'shikshevniki ko Voronichniki.

Wannan tsiro kuma ana bambanta shi da wani fasalin, yana girma cikin symbiosis tare da naman gwari na musamman. Yana zaune a cikin tushen tushen bishiyar kuma yana samarwa da samfuran photosynthesis.

Shuka da kulawa da shiksha

Dasa shiksha a gonar

A cikin daji, shiksha, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya fi son girma a cikin wurare masu zafi, yayin da ƙasa take buƙata ta yashi ta acidic ko peat. Ya kamata a tuna cewa Crowberry ya danganta da mummunar cutar ta ƙura a cikin ƙasa. Soil asa mai yawa da yawa ba ta dace da dasa ta ba. Sabili da haka, idan akwai ƙasa mai yumbu a wurin, to, dole ne a ƙara yashi, peat da turf ƙasa a ciki. Don yin wannan, cire topsoil zuwa gefe kuma a maimakon haka zuba Layer yashi gauraye da dutse mai kaifi na santimita 10 kauri. Bayan haka, babban ƙasa na ƙasa da aka cire zuwa gefen dole ne a haɗe shi tare da kayan da ake buƙata kuma a dage shi a cikin ainihin wurin.

Dole ne a dasa shiksha zuwa zurfin kusan 0.4 m. Idan an dasa shuki da yawa, to ya kamata a lura da nisan 0.3-0.5 a tsakanin su a jere.Ya kamata a dasa labulen don tushen tushe ya zama zurfin 20 mm. Shuke-shuke da aka shuka suna buƙatar kyakkyawan shayarwa.

Yadda ake kulawa da shiksha

Vodyanik yana buƙatar a sako sako ta hanyar, amma kawai a farkon shekarun rayuwa. Bayan shukar yayi girma, zai iya hana ci gaban ciyawa. Idan farfajiyar shafin an rufe shi da wani yanki na ciyawa (peat), kauri wanda ya zama 50 mm, wannan zai taimaka sosai rage yawan ban ruwa da kuma sako. Watering kada ta kasance m, saboda irin wannan shuka reacts barnatar da ruwa stagnation a cikin ƙasa. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana shayar da shiksha a lokacin bushe kawai.

A duk tsawon lokacin, ciyawa zasu buƙaci takin 1 kawai tare da Nitroammofoskoy (a kowace muraba'in mita 1 na maɓallin 50). A cikin bazara, yana buƙatar tsabtace tsabta, don wannan kuna buƙatar yanke duk mai tushe wanda sanyi ta lalace kuma ya bushe. Lokacin yankan irin wannan shuka, kuna buƙatar tuna cewa haɓakar haɓaka ne, saboda haka ya kamata a aiwatar da wannan hanyar a hankali sosai. Tsari na irin wannan shuki na hunturu ba a bukatar shi, saboda yana da sanyi mai tsauri. Ya jure wa watanni hunturu da kyau a karkashin inuwar dusar ƙanƙara.

Tarin Shiksha da adanawa

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da rassa tare da ciyawar ruwa ciyawa suna da warkarwa. Girma na ciyawa ne da za'ayi a lokacin furanni, da 'ya'yan itãcen - da zaran sun girma. A cire ciyawa a hankali domin ba za ku iya cutar da tushen tsiron ba. Yada ciyawa a cikin bakin ciki, zabar wurin da aka zubar don wannan, wanda yakamata a kiyaye shi sosai daga ruwan sama da hasken rana kai tsaye. Hakanan za'a iya bushe kayan abu a cikin duhu, yanki mai iska. Ciyawa a lokacin bushewa dole ne a samar da dabarar sarrafa shi, wanda a sa'ilin za'a kawo shi da kayan bushewa iri daya. Bayan da ciyawar ta bushe, dole ne a sanya shi cikin jaka na kayan da aka adana a cikin duhu da bushe. Irin waɗannan kayan albarkatun za a iya adana su shekaru biyu.

Iri da nau'ikan shiksha

Wannan asalin yana da rarrabuwa daban-daban. Don haka, a cewar wasu masana kimiyyar, wannan nau'in halittar monotypic ne, yayin da shiksha shine aronia ko baƙar fata - wannan shine asalin. Sauran masana sun yi imani da cewa wannan kwayoyin ta haɗu ba ɗaya ba, amma nau'ikan da yawa: biseic bitalic bisexual, baƙar fata, ja, kusan Holarctic. Kuma a cikin bayanai na Jerin Shuke yana ƙunshe da bayanan masu zuwa wanda asalin halittar ɗan gwaiwa ke haɗuwa da nau'ikan 3 da nau'ikan 8 kawai. 'Yan Lambu sun shuka nau'in 1 kawai.

Vodyanika bakar fata (Jakadan nigrum)ko dai black-fruited ko Siberian shiksha wani tsirrai ne mai matukar girma wanda yake da kullun, ya kai tsawo 0.25-0.5 m. A cikin daji, wannan amfanin gona ya fi son su yi girma a cikin peat bogs, alhali ba su buƙatar babban zafi ko kaɗan. Takardun layin layi sun kai tsawon mm 10, gefunan su an kasa. Launi na farfajiyar gaban duhu duhu ne, yayin da ɓangaren da ba daidai ba yana da lokacin farin ciki, wanda ke wakiltar tari mai launin ja. Launin furanni shine ruwan hoda, ja ko duhu mai haske, suna da filayen 3 kawai. A saman baƙi 'ya'yan itace mara fata akwai farar fata mai launi. Tashinsu na faruwa ne a watan Agusta-Satumba. Wadannan berries suna da ruwa kuma basu da dandano. Wannan inji yana da nau'ikan 2: Jafananci da Asiya. Yana kuma da nau'ikan kayan ado:

1. Citronella A daji na da fure mai haske na fure mai lemun tsami.
2. Smaragd. Kurmi mai rarrafe yana da fararen ganye wanda aka fentin koren duhu.
3. Bernstein. Launin furannin ganye mai launin shuɗi ne.
4. Lucia. Launi na ganye
5. Kasar Ireland. An rufe rassan creeping tare da lokacin farin ganye mai duhu mai duhu.

Iesabi'ar shiksha: cutarwa da fa'ida

Shiksha da warkarwa

Shiksha ya hada da saponins, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, mai da mayuka mai mahimmanci, resins, coumarins, benzoic da acetic acid, fructose, anthocyanins, carotene, ascorbic acid, andromedotoxin, sugars da abubuwan abubuwan ganowa.

A cikin madadin magani, an shirya kayan ado da infusions daga irin wannan shuka, ana amfani dasu don scurvy, epilepsy, rashin bacci, schizophrenia, colitis, painlions, urinating wahalar, cututtukan gastritis, hanta da cututtukan koda, ciwon kai, hauhawar jini, cuta na rayuwa, rashin damuwa, amai, zawo, inna, edema da anthrax. Hakanan ana amfani dasu a waje don magance raunuka, raunuka, rashes da kuraje. Ctionaukar fure na daɗaɗa ƙarfi yana ƙarfafa gashi.

Jiko na mazaunan ruwa zai taimaka wa waɗanda suke da idanu mai bushe da bushe. Don shirya shi, kuna buƙatar haɗar 1 lita na ruwan da aka tafasa da manyan cokali 2 na ciyawa, kuna buƙatar jira har sai an tafasa. Sanyaya jiko yana buƙatar tace ta hanyar gauze, yi birgima a cikin 3 ko 4 yadudduka. Ya kamata a saka jiko a cikin idanu kowane sa'o'i 2-3.

Tare da kara yawan juyayi, maganin da aka yi daga shiksha shima zai taimaka. Don shirya shi, kuna buƙatar haɗa rabin lita na ruwan zãfi tare da kamar wata babban cokali na ciyawa. An saka cakuda kan zafi kadan na minti 5-7. Cire samfurin daga wuta, kunsa shi kuma jira har sai yayi sanyi matuka. Shafin da aka tace yakamata a bugu sau 4 ko 5 a rana, manyan cokali 3.

Laifi

Akwai 'ya'yan itaciyar shiksha, kuma haramun ne a yi amfani da shirye-shirye daga wannan shuka don rashin jituwa na mutum, da kuma ga mata masu juna biyu da masu shayarwa.