Moroznik asalin halittar tsirrai ne na dangin Lyutikov, wanda ya hada da kusan nau'ikan 20, yawancinsu an samu nasarar shuka su kuma ana kulawa dasu a yankinmu na canjin yanayi. A cikin daji, yayi girma a tsaunukan Turai da Minan Asiya. A cikin Turai, ana kiran wannan fure "Rose of Christ", kuma muna da "bukin hutu na hunturu", saboda yana iya fara yin kamala a lokacin hunturu.
Babban bayani
Jirgin sama mai tsayi rabin mita ne. Rhizome yana da iko, amma gajere. Ana sanya ganyaye kusa da tushen, a watsa. Fure mai siffar fure-kamannin fure a saman mai tushe Fulawa yana faruwa kusan rabin farkon shekara. Launin furanni daban-daban ne, ana bred iri iri. Haka kuma akwai daskarewa tare da furanni biyu.
Lokacin da kake girma wannan ciyawar, ya kamata ka kula cewa tana da guba sosai, saboda haka kayi hankali lokacin dasa shuki. Amma, duk da yawan guba, hellebore yana da kaddarorin magunguna waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen daidaita metabolism, matsa lamba, da sukari na jini.
Don shirye-shiryen magunguna, ana ɗaukar tushen tushen. Yawan doauke da shirye-shiryen da ke ɗauke da hellebore na da haɗari, ana gane shi da ƙishirwa, tinnitus, maye yana faruwa, kuma wani lokacin akwai lokuta masu haɗari.
Bai kamata daskarewa ta daskarewa mutane ta hanyar zuciya, mai bugun zuciya, mace mai ciki, mai lactator, da waɗanda ke da matsalar hanta. Hakanan ba a ba da shawarar yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara 15 ba da irin waɗannan ƙwayoyi.
Jinsuna da iri
Black baƙar fata - Wannan itace tsararren tsirrai ne da ke tsiro har zuwa cm 30. Tana da manyan furanni fari, bangon waje wanda ya ɗan canza launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. Yana yin tsayayya da yanayin zafi kaɗan, ƙasa-zuwa-35ºC. Blooms a watan Afrilu na kimanin kwanaki 15.
Caucasian hellebore - ganyen wannan nau'in ya kai 15 cm, aka kasu zuwa sassa daban-daban. Furannin furen fari ne, dan kadan kore mai kauri, an kafa shi akan manyan shinge. Wannan hellebore shine mafi yawancin guba.
Gabashin Moroznik - wannan nau'in hellebore yana da furanni masu launin shuɗi, wanda zai bambanta dangane da iri-iri. Akwai matsaloli tare da aikinta, tunda hellebore na gabas yana da saurin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal.
Kyakkyawan hellebore - Ganyayyaki da ganyayyaki ba su da bambanci sosai da sauran nau'in halittu, amma farfajiyar suna da yawa sosai, kuma furanni suna da launi mai launi mai ban sha'awa. A saukake ta hanyar saurin yaduwa.
Hylebore mai raha wakiltar nau'ikan da aka kirkira daga giciye na nau'in shuka daban-daban.
Daskarewa da daskarewa
Layasar Clay, mai daɗaɗɗa, kuma ma sako-sako, ya dace don dasa hellebore. Wajibi ne a lullube wurin, acidity na ƙasa yana buƙatar tsaka tsaki, yin magudanar ruwa a kan wurin dasawa.
Mafi kyawun lokacin don sauka shine Afrilu da Satumba. Muna ba ku shawara ku dasa furanni cikin rukuni - saboda haka zasu yi kama da kyan gani. Rijiyoyin don tsire-tsire suna buƙatar babba - 30 cm fadi, tsayi da zurfi. Ramin tsakanin bushes shima 30 cm.
Rabin ramin an rufe shi da takin, sannan sai a saukar da tushen a ciki. Tsayawa hellebore a tsaye, sauran sarari kyauta a cikin ramin dole ne a cika ƙasa tare da sanyaya da kyau.
Kwanaki na 20 na gaba, furanni masu tsire-tsire suna buƙatar yau da kullun, ruwa mai ƙarfi. Kula da hellebore bai kamata ya haifar da matsaloli ba har ma ga masu farawa a cikin aikin lambu. Abu mafi mahimmanci shine cire duk tsoffin ganye a cikin bazara don kada shuka ya lalace. Bayan fure, ciyawa a ƙasa kusa da takin hellebore.
A lokacin rani, hellebore yana buƙatar shayar da shi, kawar da ciyawa, kuma ya kwance ƙasa don ita. Sau biyu a shekara, ana ciyar da fure tare da abincin kashi da taki ma'adinai.
Hellebore ya jimre da juyawar da zafi sosai saboda haka an sami girma a yanki daya na dogon lokaci, har zuwa shekaru goma.
Yaduwa na hellebore ta zuriya da rarrabuwa
Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da tsaba don yada hellebore. Ana yin shuka ne kai tsaye bayan girbi, wanda ya fadi a ƙarshen Yuli - farkon watan Agusta. Don shuka, danye, humus substrate ake buƙata. Zurfin Shuka - 1.5 cm.
Shekarar ta gaba a watan Maris, hellebore zai tashi. Tare da samuwar ganye guda biyu, an amshe shi zuwa ga dindindin, inda a cikin shekaru uku zai fara yin fure.
'Ya'yan tsire-tsire na shekaru biyar za a iya yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba daji. Ruwan bazara ya fi kyau zuwa hellebore baƙi, da damina don gabas.
Cutar da kwari
- Mai haɗari ga hellebore shine slugs waɗanda suke cin ganye, da kuma aphids waɗanda ke shan ruwan 'ya'yan itace.
- Mice gnaw Tushen tsirrai.
- Saboda aphids, fure na iya yin rashin lafiya tare da tabon zobe. Idan wannan cutar ta shafi, cututtukan hellebore suna buƙatar a yanka kuma a ƙone su, kuma tsire-tsire da wuraren girma ya kamata a kula da su ta hanyar kashe-kashe.
- Wani lokacin akwai cinyewar mildew mai ƙasa. Ana gano shi ta hanyar dakatar da ci gaban sabbin ganye, da kuma lalata tsoffin. Hakanan ana lalata wuraren da cutar ta shafa, kuma ana kula da shuka da ƙasa tare da Previkur.
- Tsasashe akan ganyen hellebore na iya nuna rashin lafiyar anthracnose. Ana buƙatar yanke ganyayyaki marasa lafiya kuma an kula da fure tare da shirye-shiryen jan ƙarfe.
Amma gaba ɗaya, cututtuka suna shafan wannan shuka, idan wani abu ba daidai ba tare da kulawa. Misali, tsirrai basu da danshi ko kasar gona tana da rashin daidaituwa.
