Hakanan ba masu mallakar lambuna masu zaman kansu, ko shugabannin manyan 'ya'yan itace da tsiran bishiyoyi ba amintattu daga bayyanar asu. Yaki da shi zai iya wuce fiye da wata daya, yana shimfidawa a wasu yanayi shekaru. Don haɓaka tasiri na matakan rigakafi da hanyoyin kariya daga kwaro zai ba da damar ilimin game da tsarin rayuwarsa, fasali na haɓaka da kuma hanyoyin magance ta cikin nasara ta hanyar lambu.
Wanene asu
Codling asu - malam buɗe ido, kwaro mai noma wanda ke cutar da 'ya'yan itatuwa. A waje, da balagagge kusan ba ya jawo hankalin kansa. Wannan malam buɗe ido ba wata rana ba ce, saboda haka, asirin da ke jikin fikafikansa ba shi da alaƙa a cikin launi, wanda ke ba da izinin girgiza bishiyar itacen lokacin kwan kwanciya. Lokacin kiwo yana farawa lokaci guda tare da farkon fure kuma yana ɗaukar watanni 1.5-2. A wannan lokacin, mace guda tana kulawa don sa ƙwai 120 a kan haushi, ganye da kuma rassan tsire-tsire da aka fi so.
Bayan 'yan kwanaki, sai macizan suka yi kyankyasai, kuma ovaries suka kirkiro a matsayin abinci a gare su. Bayan watanni 1-1.5, suna ɓoye a ƙarƙashin ɓarna ko cikin ƙasa don ɗalibai da fitowar sababbin mutane. Generationsarnuka uku suna ƙyanƙyashe a cikin kakar, kowane ɗayan yana sarrafa sa ƙwai. Latterarshen ba shi da lokaci don pupate: cocoons hibernate a ƙarƙashin ganye, a cikin kwantena don adanar 'ya'yan itatuwa, a cikin shagunan ajiya. Da zaran zazzabi na yanayi ya mamaye iyakar 10 ° C na zafi, malam buɗe ido ya fita daga dabbar - za'a maimaita tsarin daga farkon sa.
Apple, pear da plum: iri a cikin hoto
Moth yana shafar thea ofan itacen apple, pears, quinces, plums, blackthorn, cherries, ceri plums, nectarines, apricots da peaches.
Fruitsa fruitsan fruitsa appearan da suka lalace suna bayyana kamar daɗewa, don mafi yawan ɓangarorin da suka faɗo, sau da yawa tare da caterpillars.
Kuna iya bambance asu a cikin bayyanar:
- A cikin malam buɗe ido na asu codling, fuka-fukan gaba suna launin shuɗi, ƙananan ƙananan masu launin ruwan kasa, ƙwaƙwalwa masu launin ruwan hoda mai launin baki, ƙwai kuma fari fari;
A cikin lokaci na 'ya'yan itace, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta tana lalata kashi 2-3 na amfanin gona
- pearwan itacen oza ya yi duhu, maɓuɓɓuka masu launin shuɗi-launin shuɗi, ƙwai suna da launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda;
Pear asu - malam buɗe ido a gidan dangin ganye, mai cutar da tsiron, har da na Turai da na Caucasian jinsunan pear
- da fuka-fuki na plum codling asu da purple tint, qwai ne kore a launi, yana daidaita ba kawai a kan plums, amma kuma a kan sauran wakilan 'ya'yan itace da amfanin gona dutse: cherries, nectarines, peaches.
3 A cikin fruitsa fruitsan younga catan matasa, matafila suna lalata lalata kashi, kuma a cikin wasu manya da suka manyanta suna lalata ƙyallen itace a cikin fruitan itacen da ke kusa da kashi, suna cika ta da jijiyar wuya
Yadda za a fesa tare da sunadarai
Chemistry a wurin yana dauke da manyan bindigogi, wanda ake amfani dashi lokacin da matakan kariya da magungunan mutane basu taimaka ba. Ana aiwatar da tsari sau hudu:
- karo na farko - a lokacin furanni masu fure;
- na biyu da na uku - tare da sati biyu;
- karo na hudu - bayan girbi.
Atom
A roba shiri a cikin nau'i na mai mai karfi emulsion tare da m bakan da aikin. Don spraying bishiyoyin apple, 5 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi an narke shi a cikin ruwa 10 na ruwa. Wannan girma ya isa ya kula da murabba'in murabba'in 100. m lambun. Ana aiwatar da sarrafawa sau biyu yayin kakar girma, kammala kwanaki 30 kafin girbi. Kuna iya fara wasu ayyukan a gonar mako guda bayan fesawa. Mai guba ga ƙudan zuma.
Zolon
Zolon abu ne mai guba sosai, saboda haka ana buƙatar mai numfashi da safofin hannu.
Yawan amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya dogara da nau'in shuka da ake bi da su: ga bishiyoyin apple 8 mm ne a cikin murabba'in mil 100. m, don pears, plums, cherries da apricots - 25 ml, na peaches 14 ml. Adadin da ake buƙata an narke shi a cikin ruwa 10 na ruwa kuma ya fara fesa. Ana aiwatar da aiki na ƙarshe kwanaki 40 kafin ranar da za'a sa ran girbin. Mai guba ne ga kifi, saboda haka ba a amfani dashi a cikin yankin kariya na ruwa.
Iskra-M
Ana samun kumburin malathion a cikin ampoules na 5 da 10 ml. Abubuwan da ke cikin an lalata su da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1: 1000, aƙalla lita 10 na samfurin da aka gama za a buƙaci sassa ɗari na gonar. Ana aiwatar da apple da pear sau biyu a kakar - kafin fure da kuma bayan girbi, kuma ceri da plum za a iya fesa su sau 4 a lokacin bazara.
Ivanhoe
Don spraying, 10 ml na maida hankali ne diluted a cikin lita 10 na ruwa, wannan adadin ya isa ya aiwatar da murabba'in mita 200. m lambun. Yin aiki biyu ya isa. Hadari ga ƙudan zuma, ba a kashe ruwan sama ba.
Daga ƙarshen Mayu zuwa tsakiyar Satumba, ya danganta da yanayin yanayin, duk matakai na ci gaban asu
Sumi Alfa
Magani don spraying apples, pears, plums da apricots an shirya shi a cikin farashin 5 ml a kowace lita 10 na ruwa. An kiyaye tazara tsakanin jiyya don makonni 3, lokacin ƙarshe da aka fesa makonni biyu kafin ranar da za'a girbi tsammani.
Kinmix
Aiwatar da plums da cherries, dilring 15 ml a cikin lita 10 na ruwa. Matsakaicin adadin jiyya ba ya wuce sau 2 a kowace kakar.
Lepidocide
An bayar da ampoules na 5 ml. Don shirya mafita, 4 ampoules an narke shi da 10 l na ruwa. Wannan adadin ya isa ya sarrafa bishiyoyi 5.
Bitoxibacillin
Bari a cikin buhu na 20 g. Domin fesawa 'ya'yan itace 5, 40 g ana bred a cikin lita 10 na ruwa.
Lingarfin kwari masu kwari kawai suna da wuyar lalata: dole ne a ɗauki matakan kulawa da dukkanin gonakin da ke makwabta. Wannan ita ce kawai hanyar da za a sami sakamako mafi girma.
Matsakaicin farashin magunguna da kwari
| Kungiyar magunguna | Suna | Kudin, rub. |
| Kwayoyin cuta (aka fada akan waƙoƙi) | Atom (5 L) | 7600 |
| Zolon (5 L) | 11500 | |
| Spark-M (5 ml) | 30 | |
| Pyrethroid (an yi shi da manya) | Aivengo (5 L) | 6500 |
| Sumi Alfa (5 L) | 9700 | |
| Kinmix (5 L) | 5600 | |
| Kayayyakin halittu | Lepidocide (5 ml) | 45 |
| Bitoxibacillin (20 g) | 60 |
Magungunan magungunan gargajiya
Dokokin ƙawancen don feshin bishiyar apple da wasu froman itacen daga asu na codling:
- na farko spraying ne da za'ayi a lokacin flowering na 'ya'yan itace itatuwa;
- biyu na gaba - tare da hutun mako biyu;
- ana aiwatar da aiki in babu ruwan sama da iska da yamma;
- kiyaye matakan aminci - kare fuska da hannaye, hana hulɗa da idanu, da dai sauransu.
Broth Broth
Zai ɗauki kilogiram 0.5 na busasshen taba, lita 20 na ruwa da 50 g na sabulu na wanki. An zuba tokar a cikin lita 10 na ruwa kuma nace tsawon kwana 2. A jiko ne Boiled na tsawon awanni 2 kuma an lalata shi da wani lita 10 na ruwa. Nan da nan kafin feshe, shafa sabulu cikin kwalin.
Matsakaicin ingantaccen sakamako shine halittar masu ciyarwa wadanda zasu taimaka jawo hankalin tsuntsayen kwari zuwa gonar.
Wormwood broth
Wani magani ga asu codling shine mai maganin tsutsotsi. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su sune ciyawa da ciyawar ruwa. 1 kg na kore taro an zuba tare da guga na ruwa da Boiled na minti 20. Cool, tsarma lita 10 na ruwa ku tafi don aiki.
Maƙasai suna ɓoye kyau a cikin ganyayyaki yayin rana, kuma ku rufe ƙwai tare da takardar glued; ba wata dabba mai zurfi a cikin apple ba don abubuwan poisons
Pepper broth
Kuna iya ƙoƙarin kawar da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar apple tare da taimakon barkono barkono. Don shirye-shiryensa kuna buƙatar barkono ja mai zafi, ruwa da sabulu mai wanki. 0.5 kilogiram na barkono barkono zuba 2 lita na ruwa da kuma kawo ga tafasa. Ya kamata broth ya tafasa don aƙalla sa'a ɗaya a ƙarƙashin murfin, bayan an aika shi don jiko na kwanaki 2. An jiko jiko kuma adana shi a cikin kwalban duhu a cikin sannyi mai sanyi. Don aiwatar da yankin, 0.5 l na ɓataccen jiko an narke a cikin 10 na ruwa kuma an ƙara 50 g na sabul da aka shirya sosai.
Tumatir jiko
The fi, tushen da kore 'ya'yan itãcen tumatir ana yankakken kuma an zuba su da ruwa a cikin rabo na 2: 5. Bayan tafasa don rabin sa'a, ana tace maganin kuma a adana shi a cikin wuri mai sanyi. Don fesa 3 l na cakuda, tsarma 10 l na ruwa kuma shafa a ciki tare da 50 g na sabulu.
Ta yaya farauta belts taimaka
Don taimakawa yaki da kwari masu hana kwaro zaku iya farauta belts. Don yin su, kuna buƙatar takarda, masana'anta ko burlap, daga abin da kuke buƙatar yanke tsararrakin 25-30 cm tsayi .. Tumbin bishiyoyi suna nannade da su a tsayin 30-40 cm daga ƙasa. Daga sama, dole ne a daidaita tarkon tare da igiya, a ƙasa ya kamata kyauta. Lokacin da matafila ya fara hawa dutsen, to, zai faɗa cikin tarko. Daga belts na farauta kuna buƙatar cire kullun da lalata kwari da suka isa can. Don haɓaka mafi girma, za'a iya haɗa tarkuna tare da manne matafila.
Manne na matafila mai kauri ne, wanda ba ya bushe bushewa wanda ake shafawa a kasan gangar jikin bishiya a lokacin farin ciki. Irin wannan ɗamarar bel ba ta barin kwari su hau mafi girma kuma su shiga kambi.
Gudanar da waƙa tare da tarkuna pheromone
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an yi amfani da tarkon pheromone. Mace na nau'ikan kwari da yawa, da ke jan hankalin maza, da ke cikin abubuwan da ke canza yanayin motsa jiki tare da aiki mai girma. Maza suna jinsu na dubun da ɗaruruwan mita. Masana kimiyya sun sami damar samar da pheromones na wasu kwari, da suka hada da apple, plum da kuma na gabas na codling asu, bunch of grape, da kuma California sikelin kwari. Ana amfani dasu don tantance farkon bayyanar kuli-kuli, wanda zai ba ku damar saita lokacin mafi kyau don kula da kwaro. Don haka, idan fiye da 5 ƙarni na farko ƙaruwa da fiye da 2-3 na biyu kwari a cikin fada ɗaya tarko a cikin mako, wajibi ne don fara maganin sunadarai na gonar.
Yana da mahimmanci cewa ana amfani da pheromones a duk wuraren da ke kusa da lambun ku a lokaci guda.
Bayan kwanaki 6-10, ya zama dole don sanya ƙwai da fitowar mahaukata, aiwatar da magani na farko. Sakamakon yadda aka kama maza, wasu daga cikin mata basa haihuwa kuma basu iya haihuwar zuriya ba.
A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, pheromones suna riƙe da tasirin su na watanni 1-1.5 kuma suna jan hankalin 'yanmata daga nesa zuwa 50 m.
Yadda za a cire ƙwayar apple a cikin bidiyo
Binciken kan ingancin magungunan jama'a da masana'antu
Sun ga yadda yawancin katako suke cikun cikin tarko mai haske, kowane dare nakan cika kowane fili da dunƙule, cike da tarko daga tarko (kwalin da ruwa mai ɗumi) ba ya iya tashi, kuma akwai shinge na jiran su, Na yi shirin fara jemagu, amma tare da ɗumbin yawa ba tare da Abubuwan sunadarai "madaidaici" suna da matukar wahalar ajewa.
Sa'a
//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=58024&st=30
Toari ga fesa karbofos, ba zan iya bayar da wani abu ƙasa da sinadarai ba. Dukkanin hanyoyi tare da tarkuna tare da syrup na sukari ko ma mafi ban sha'awa, kamar yadda aka ba da shawarar a cikin wallafe-wallafe, tarko na injiniya - babu abin da ke ba da irin wannan tasirin kamar maganin guba.
Radish
//chudo-ogorod.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=630
Jiko na tafarnuwa yana da kyau amfani da yaƙi da codling moths, aphids, larvae, ticks. Yawancin lokaci ina ɗaukar gram 150-200 na tafarnuwa kuma a yanka a cikin niƙa mai naman, ƙara lita 10 na ruwa, nace kwanaki 5-7. Sannan na tace mafita kuma na sarrafa bishiyoyi. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da sabon bayani, yawanci a rana ta biyu da kwari ke mutuwa.
Tatyana Iskatel
//www.agroxxi.ru/forum/topic/203-plodozhora/
Hakanan zaka iya tsaftace tsohuwar haushi akan bishiyoyi a kaka da kuma bazara don cire cocoons tare da kayan ɗamarar hunturu. Yana da amfani a girgiza itacen ɗan lokaci kaɗan don sarrafa faɗuwar 'ya'yan itace lalacewa.
Olga M
//greenforum.com.ua/showthread.php?t=1720
A cikin yaƙar da wannan kwaro, lalata sharan gona, rahusa kaka da layin-sarari da ragargajewa a cikin da'irar kusa-wuri zai taimaka. Za'a fitar da yaduwar kwari tare da izinin kwari - "Zolon", ko "Babban Taron" kafin taro ya yi kwanciya a kusan shekarun 1-3 na Yuli. Maganar karshe shine kwanaki 30 kafin girbi.
Nerd
//domforum.net/viewtopic.php?f=25&t=13738
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don magance, amma wanda ba shi da hadari ga tsirrai da ɗan adam sun fi dacewa. A saboda wannan muke amfani da giya na camphor. Mun ɓoye 7-8 guda na ulu auduga ko zane mai zane (don itacen girma) kuma mu rataye su a kambi na itace. Abin takaici, giya da sauri ya ɓace, saboda haka a cikin mako guda muna maimaita aikin gaba daya. Camphor bai cika cikin 'ya'yan itãcen marmari ba, duk da haka, kusan wata ɗaya kafin girbi, mun cire waɗannan "kayan ƙanshi" daga itacen. Tare da wannan, muna rataye bel a jikin bishiyoyin da ke can har tsawon lokacin bazara. Amma babu kwari da yawa a ƙarƙashin su.
Admin
//www.czn.ru/forum/index.php?showtopic=50233
Kowace hanyoyin da ke hada kwari da kwari 'ya'yan itacen kwari daban ba zai bada tabbacin kariya daga kwaro ba. Ana buƙatar haɗaɗɗun hanyar da ake amfani da tsarin aikin gona tare da magunguna da kuma gwada magunguna na mutane. Don haifar da ƙarancin lahani, ana gwada sabon wakili a kan shuka ɗaya, kuma in babu sakamakon illa, ana kula da gonar gaba ɗaya.
