Amaryllis shuka ce daga Afirka ta Kudu. Wannan asalin halittar tsirrai ne na dangin Amaryllis (Amaryllidaceae), Carl Linnaeus ya ware kuma ya bayyana shi a cikin 1753. A matsayin al'adun daki, ɗayan nau'inta, beladonna amaryllis, ya zama ruwan dare gama gari. Wannan yana sauƙaƙe ta hanyar kyakkyawar kyakkyawa na fure na wannan shuka da kuma kula da shi mai sauƙi a gida. Yadda za a yi girma amaryllis beladonna, za mu gaya a cikin labarin.
Amaryllis belladonna, ko Amaryllis kyakkyawa.
Abubuwan da ke cikin Botanical na amaryllis beladonna
AmmarllAmaryllis), ya kunshi nau'ikan guda biyu:
- Amaryllis belladonna, ko kyakkyawa Amaryllis (Amaryllis belladonna).
- Amaryllis paradisicola, wanda aka bayyana a cikin 1998 kuma mafi wuya ga al'ada.
A da, jinsin da yanzu an ware shi cikin wata hanyar HippeastrumHippeastrum) (wakilan waɗannan janarorin guda biyu galibi suna rikicewa, saboda a cikin bayyanar suna da kama sosai).
Belladonna, a matsayin ƙarin ma'anar jinsin, sunan kyakkyawan makiyayi ne daga ayyukan tsohuwar mawaƙin Girka Theocritus. Belladonna - yana nufin kyakkyawar mace. Amaryllis belladonna shine tsire-tsire na albasa, kwan fitila ya kai 5-10 cm a diamita.
Itaciyar fure ta amaryllis ba ta da ganye, ganyayyaki da kansu kuma kore ne, 30-50 cm tsayi kuma faɗin faɗin cm 2-3, an shirya su a jere biyu. Ganyen an kafa shi ne a cikin kaka ko farkon lokacin bazara a cikin canjin yanayin sanyi kuma ya mutu har ƙarshen bazara.
A ƙarshen bazara, kowane kwan fitila na amaryllis yana samar da fure mai fure biyu ko biyu, wanda ya kai cm 30-60, kowane ɗayan yana ɗaukar inflorescence wanda ya ƙunshi fure mai fasali 2-12. Furanni daga fari zuwa ruwan hoda, ana samunsu da launuka masu launin shuɗi da shunayya. Girman furanni na amaryllis shine 6-10 cm a diamita, ya ƙunshi fure shida.
Amaryllis belladonna (Amaryllis belladonna).
Kulawar Gida don Amaryllis - A takaice
Haske
Amaryllis fi son hasken rana kai tsaye ko haske mai ba da haske. Yayin hutawa, kwararan fitila basa buƙatar haske. Dankali tare da albasa mai hutawa ana ajiye su a cikin busassun a zazzabi kimanin + 10 ° C. Yayin haɓaka, hoto.
Amaryllis Watering
A lokacin dormancy, da shuka ba ya bukatar watering.
- A cikin hunturu - iyakance;
- A lokacin rani - matsakaici.
Kiwo
Amaryllis yana yaduwa ta hanyar kwararan fitila 'ya' ya 'ya' ya 'ya' ya 'ya' ya 'yan' mata, wanda za'a iya rabuwa da shi daga uwa akan dasawar bazara. Tuni a cikin shekara ta 2-3rd, furanni ya fito daga kwararan fitila 'yar. Idan kuna son kiban fure mai yawa a cikin tukunyar fure ɗaya, mafita mai sauki ce - kar a raba yara da mahaifiyarsu.
Jin zafi
Ba tare da fesawa ba.
Amaryllis miya
- bazara-bazara - lokaci 1 cikin makonni biyu tare da ma'adinai da takin gargajiya;
- hunturu-kaka - ba tare da kayan miya ba.
Turawa
Babu bukata.
Siffofin
Dankin yana da guba!
Sauran lokacin amaryllis (bushe a cikin mahaifarsa) ya faɗi a ƙarshen kaka da farkon hunturu.
Amaryllis belladonna.
Siffofin girma amaryllissa
Babu wani abu mafi sauki fiye da amaryllis girma: isassun kwararan fitila, ruwa da hasken rana.
Amaryllis an girma a matsayin lambun har zuwa ƙarshen kaka, yayin da mutum ya kamata ya manta game da shayarwa na yau da kullun, kuma amfani da takin gargajiya kamar babban miya. Lokacin da hatsarin sanyi ya wuce, ana iya dasa shukar a cikin titi zuwa inda ake da fitila.
Bayan shuka ya yi fure, babu buƙatar yin wani abu tare da kayan ciyayi da kwararan fitila. Kawai cire ciyawar fure ta amaryllis ba tare da ya shafi ganyayyaki ba, kamar yadda zasu sake wadatar da wadatar abinci a cikin kwan fitila. Bayan fure, yakamata a girma a tsawon watanni 5-6.
Don yin fure amaryllis a cikin hunturu, kwararan fitila dole ne su bi ta hanyar lokacin hutawa. A watan Agusta, zaku iya dakatar da ciyarwa kuma a hankali rage adadin ruwan da aka bayar. Bayan makonni uku, dakatar da ruwa gaba daya. Bari ganye ya juya ya zama ja kuma ya bushe da kansu. Yanke ganye a tsayin 5 centimita daga kwan fitila.
A watan Satumba ko farkon Oktoba, dasa fitilar amaryllis a cikin tukunya da wuri a cikin sanyi (+ 13 ... + 15 ° C), duhu da bushewa don makonni 6-8. Muddin aƙalla koren ganye guda ɗaya suka saura akan tsire, to, ba hutawa ce. Ya isa a sanya tukunyar albasa a cikin gindin ƙasa kuma a manta da shi.
A watan Nuwamba ko kuma daga baya, sanya tukunyar amaryllis a cikin wani wuri mai tsabta, ruwa shi kuma sake zagayowar ciyayi zai sake farawa.
Soilasa ta zama ƙasa, amma ko kaɗan rigar. Bayan amaryllis ya fara yin fure, kar a bar kasar ta bushe sosai. Ka tuna a juya tukunya a kullun domin ganye su girma a ko'ina. Ingantaccen zafin jiki + 13 ... + 18 ° C. Babban yanayin zafi yana raunana haɓaka. Yi hankali: fure ya kamata ya fara makonni 4-8 bayan sake tashi na kwararan fitila.
Yadda zaka rarrabe kwararan fitilar amaryllis daga hippeastrum? Abu ne mai wahala sosai ka bambance wasu albasa daga wasu. Pear-dimbin yawa amaryllis kwararan fitila, wajen manyan. Hippeastrum kwararan fitila suna zagaye da dan kadan flattened.
Me yasa amaryllis Bloom?
Dalili mai yiwuwa ga rashin fure na amaryllis: m ko ƙananan kwararan fitila, da gajere a tsawon lokaci, yanayin zafi sosai lokacin girma. Ya kamata a lura cewa tsawon kwan fitila ku kuma ya fi girma girmanta, yawan furanni da ganyayyaki da yake samarwa, don haka yana da ma'ana don adana su da kuma amfani da su daga shekara zuwa shekara.
Amaryllis cultivar 'Fred Meyer White'.
Amaryllis Sake buguwa
Dukkanin kwararan fitila: hippeastrum, amaryllis, lilies, tulips da sauransu, suna yaduwa ta hanyar kwararan fitilar 'yar, wanda ya rabu da shuka ta hanyar dasawa. Wannan ita ce mafi sauki hanyar yada irin tsirrai.
Shuka 'yar amaryllis kwararan fitila ba daban-daban daga dasa uwar uwa a lokacin dasawa: wannan abun da ke ciki na duniya da tsawo na dasa kwan fitila. Ya kamata a ɗauki tukunya ya dogara da albasa na tsufa. Matasa tsirrai suna girma cikin hanzari kuma a cikin shekaru biyu sun kai girman girman kwanar mahaifiya, kuma sau da yawa ba lallai ba ne don dasa amaryllis.
Hanya ta biyu ta yaduwar amaryllis ita ce ta zuriya. Don samun tsaba, da furanni amaryllis dole ne a pollinated crosswise tare da buroshi da kuma damar zuwa ripen. Tsarin yayyafin iri yana wuce wata guda, bayan haka ana dasa su nan da nan a cikin ƙasa kuma ana shayar da su har ƙasa ta yi laima. Harbi zai bayyana a kusan wata guda. Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka girma, ana shuka su daya bayan daya a cikin ƙananan tukwane.
Lokacin da yaduwa ta hanyar kwararan fitila, ana iya samun tsire-tsire na fure a shekara ta uku, lokacin da aka girma daga tsaba, amaryllis blooms a shekara ta 7.
Distillation na amaryllis kwararan fitila.
Amaryllis dashi
Ana aiwatar da dasawa daga Amaryllis bayan fure da bushewa da kibiya furen. Forasa ta dasa shuki ya yi daidai da ganyen ganye, sod, humus da yashi, ko kuma a sayo cikin shago don tsiron bulan itace.
Kwan fitila na amaryllis, wanda aka cire daga tsohuwar tukunya, an 'yantar da shi daga tushen ƙazanta da sikeli bushewa, daga' ya'yan da aka kafa a cikin sinuses na ƙwayar tsohuwar ƙwayar mahaifiyar. Kwan fitila da aka shirya ta wannan hanyar ana dasa shi sau ɗaya a cikin tukunya domin ya zama akalla 1/3 na tsawo daga kwan fitila a farfajiya. Kuna iya barinwa a saman har zuwa rabin tsinkayen kwan fitila.
Dole ne a kasance da magudanar ruwa a cikin tukunya, kuma Layer yashi yana da kyawawa ƙarƙashin ƙasan kwan fitila. Amaryllis bai yarda da stagnation na ruwa ba. Yana da aminci mafi sauƙin mantawa da shan ruwa da wannan fure fiye da cika shi. Ya kamata a ɗauki tukunya ba babba. Daga gefen kwan fitila zuwa ƙarshen tukunyar, ya isa ya sami kusan 3 cm na sarari kyauta.
Yawancin lokaci, ana shuka amaryllis a cikin karamin tukwane na fure a watan Nuwamba-Disamba lokacin da shuka ya tafi hutawa. Amma tare da wannan nasarar, zaka iya shuka a cikin bazara, kafin ta farka da shuka. A kasan tukunyar, shirya magudanar ruwa daga shards mai fashewa kuma bayan haka sai a cika cakuda ƙasa wanda ya ƙunshi turf, ganye, peat da yashi (1: 2: 1: 1).
Yana da amfani sosai a jiƙa kwan fitila kafin dasa shuki a cikin maganin Gumisol, sannan a dasa shi a cikin tukunya, rabin a binne shi a ƙasa. Idan kuna dasawa da tukunyar amaryllis wanda ya riga ya ci gaba zuwa ci gaba, zai fi kyau a saka shi a kan windowsill na kudu maso gabas ko taga kudu maso yamma, tunda amaryllis shuka ne mai girma. Kuma kar ku manta da su shayar da kwan fitila da aka dasa.
Amaryllis a cikin ƙasa bude.
Kwari da cututtuka na amaryllis
Wani lokacin amaryllis na iya shafar cututtukan fungal: jan aibobi ko ratsi suna bayyana a kan tushe, fure da kwararan fitila. Don hana wannan cuta, ana bada shawara don shayar da shuka kamar yadda zai yiwu lokacin shayarwa. Idan amaryllis har yanzu ba shi da lafiya, zaku iya amfani da magunguna na musamman: cakuda Bordeaux, HOM ko foundationazole.
