Tsarin daji na Kerria (Kerria), ko Keria wakilin dangin ruwan hoda ne. A yanayi, ana iya samun wannan tsiro a kudu maso yammacin China, har ma da yankuna masu kwari da gandun daji na Japan. Wannan ciyawa ta sami sunanta don girmamawa ga shugabar farko ta Lambun ta Royal Botanic na Ceylon William Kerr, wanda kuma shahararren mai tattara tsirrai ne. A cikin wannan asalin, akwai jinsi daya kawai - kerriya na Jafananci. Irin wannan tsire-tsire yana da nau'i mai ban mamaki na furanni, wanda akan kira shi da "Easter tashi".
Kayan Kerry
Kerria itace shuki mai yankewa ne, yana kaiwa tsawan mita 3, ana saninsa da saurin girma. Crohn yana da sihiri na zahiri. Rod mai siffa madaidaiciya mai tushe mai launin kore. Afayoyin hatsi na wannan bishi suna kama da ɗan itacen rasberi. Tsawon tsayi, sun kai santimita 10, suna da sikirin lanceolate, sau biyu ana yin su, suna nuna alamun. Fuskar ta gaban ciyawa ce a ciki, kuma ciki ne fitsarin. A lokacin rani, ana fentin launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, wanda a cikin damina yakan canza launin rawaya mai arziki. Furannin furanni masu kamshi na iya zama mai sauƙin sauƙi ko ninki biyu, a diamita sun kai kimanin mm 45. Shuka shuka daga Mayu zuwa Agusta, yayin da tsawon lokacin fure yake sati 3.5. Sau da yawa a cikin fall akwai maimaita fure. Fruita isan itace mai narkewa mai launi mai launin shuɗi-baki, duk da haka, lokacin da girma Kerria a tsakiyar latitudes, ba ya haifar da 'ya'yan itace.
Ustsarfin iska mai ƙarfi na iya cutar da ƙarancin kerriya mai rauni, don haka ana ba da shawarar dasa shi a kusa da bishiyoyin furanni masu zuwa: bladderwort, spiraea ko shayi na Sin. A cikin bazara, irin wannan ciyawa za ta yi aiki a matsayin jakar baya ta shudi don shudi shudi na shimfidar shimfidar shudi, shudi shudi, shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Hakanan a cikin makwabta tare da keriya, buzulnik yana yawan girma, cikin jituwa tare da wannan shuki yayin maimaita furanni a cikin kaka.
Saukowa da Kerria a cikin bude ƙasa
Wani lokaci don shuka
An ba da shawarar dasa Kerria a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa a cikin bazara kafin fara ruwan tsiro, da kuma a cikin kaka na makonni 4-6 kafin lokacin sanyi. Idan seedling yana da rufaffiyar tsarin, to, ana iya dasa shi a cikin ƙasa buɗe a kowane lokaci, ban da lokacin hunturu.
Mafi kyawun wurin shuka irin wannan shukar wuri wuri ne wanda yake da kariya daga iska mai sanyi. Hakanan za'a iya girma a cikin wurin da aka rufe, amma wannan zai cutar da yawan fure. Amma a lokaci guda, a cikin tsananin zafin rana, furanni suna ƙonewa cikin kankanen lokaci. A wannan batun, ana bada shawara don haɓakar kerriya a ƙarƙashin manyan bishiyoyi waɗanda ke zubar da yatsun pencebra.
Siffar Saukowa
Tun da yake wannan ciyawar itace itaciya ce, tana buƙatar ƙasa mai laushi cike da sinadarai da humus, kuma ya fi kyau idan yana da ƙoshin loamy. Girman ramin saitin ya kamata ya zama tsakanin mita 0.6x0.6, zurfinsa ya zama mita 0.4. Auki cakuda ƙasa wacce ta ƙunshi humus, ƙasa mai abinci mai gina jiki da ƙasar sod (3: 2: 3), haɗu tare da gram 60-80 na cikakken ma'adinin ma'adinai, kuma zuba a ƙasa ramin don tsauni. Sa'an nan a kan wannan tudun kana buƙatar saka seedling. Bayan an daidaita tushensa da kyau, ramin yana rufe cakuda ƙasa (an yi bayanin abun da ke sama), wanda aka ɗanɗana shi. Dankin da aka dasa yana buƙatar yawan shayarwa. Tabbatar cewa tushen wuyan seedling ya zame tare da farfajiyar maƙarƙashiyar.
Kula da Kerry a cikin Lambuna
Idan daji ya ba da kulawa ta hanyar da ta dace, to, zai yi farin ciki da bayyananniyar rawar gani. Kerria ya kamata a tsare shayar, sako, a yanka kuma a ciyar, kuma kada a manta a sassauta farfajiyar da'irar.
Watering ne da za'ayi kawai idan ya cancanta, lokacin da saman ya bushe gaba ɗaya. Lokacin da shuka fure, da kuma a lokacin rani, wannan shrub musamman yana buƙatar danshi. Ya kamata a shayar da ruwa mai ruwa mai kariya sosai. A cikin taron cewa a lokacin rani ana samun ruwan sama mai yawa, sannan kerria na iya yin ba tare da an sha ruwa ba, saboda hakan yana da nasaba da tsayayyar ruwa a cikin ƙasa. Bayan haka, za a shayar da daji ko kuma za a yi ruwa, kuna buƙatar kwance saman Layer na ƙasa kuma ku fitar da duk ciyawa.
Don haɓaka al'ada da haɓaka, shuka zai buƙaci abinci mai dacewa. Bayan da aka shuka ciyawar, hakan zai zama dole don ciyar dashi da jiko na mullein (1:10) ko tare da takin da aka farfasa, wanda aka zuba ash na itace (100 zuwa 200 na ash na kwaza 1 murabba'i).
Juyawa
Wannan ciyayin yana canja wurin dasawa cikin sauki, saboda haka zaka iya tura shi zuwa wani sabon wuri a kusan kowane lokaci na shekara, amma ba a cikin hunturu ba kuma lokacin bazara. Koyaya, ya fi dacewa don watsa Kerria lokacin da babu ganye a daji, watau, a cikin bazara ko a watan Oktoba. A hankali a tono daji a kewayen kewaye da kambi, sannan a cire shi daga ƙasa. Kar a manta shirya ramin sauka a gaba, zai zama dole a sanya tsiron da aka tono tare da dunƙulewar ƙasa a ciki. Sannan yi komai daidai gwargwadon lokacin hawan farko. A tsakanin rabin wata daga lokacin dasawa, dajin zai buƙaci yalwataccen ruwa, tushen yankin ya kamata ya zama cike da ruwa.
Bayanin Kerry
Irin wannan shuka ana iya yada shi ta hanyar tsirrai kawai, wato: keɓaɓɓu, yanka, rarrabe daji, har da harbe.
Yankan
Ya kamata a shirya shinge kore a tsakiyar lokacin bazara, kuma sanya lignified - a watan Afrilu. Guda biyu na kodan ya kamata su kasance a kan kowane riƙe, yayin da ku tuna don yin ƙarshen yanke. Ya kamata a dasa yankan a cikin wani hucin sanyi, sanya shi a cikin karamin inuwa. Rooting of cuttings kusan ana cin nasara koyaushe, amma wannan tsari yana da tsayi. A cikin hunturu, 'yan itace za su farkar da su a cikin kore. Lokaci na gaba a watan Mayu za su buƙaci a dasa su a cikin kwantena mutum kuma a girma a cikin yanayin ɗakin. Bayan wani shekara 1, ana iya dasa shukar a cikin ƙasa buɗe a riga.
Tushen tushen
Domin yaɗa ƙwayar da ƙwayar ta hanyar zuriyar zuriya, ya zama dole a farkon lokacin kaka don ware su daga shuka na iyaye da dasa su a wani sabon wuri. Lingsan’uwa suna da tsarin tushen fibrous masu tasowa, a wannan batun, idan an shayar da su sosai kuma an kula da su sosai, to, matasa masu ƙwayar cutar ta Kerries suna ɗauka sosai cikin sauri.
Maimaitawa
Wannan shukar itace shine kawai a yadu dashi ta hanyar saka filayen. A cikin bazara, kafin ya kwarara ruwan itace ya fara, zaɓi ƙara haɓaka kuma sanya shi a cikin tsagi wanda aka shirya, zurfin wanda ya zama 7 santimita. Kulle tushe a wannan matsayin. Bayan kwanaki 10-15, matasa harbe zasu yi girma a kan yadudduka daga kodan. Bayan tsayinsu ya yi daidai da santimita 10-15, ya zama dole a cika tsagi, kazalika da harbe kansu zuwa rabin tsawo, ta amfani da ƙasa mai gina jiki. A cikin kaka, waɗannan tsirrai za su yi tsirar da kansu, kuma za a iya yanke su kuma a dasa su a wani wuri na dindindin.
Raba Bush
Sau da yawa lokacin dasa shuki, sai su raba shi. Wani kurmi da aka haƙa zai buƙaci tsaftace tushen ƙasa, sannan an yanke shi zuwa sassa da yawa. Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa kowane ɗayan sassan dole ne ya samo tushen sa da tushe mai ƙarfi. Dasa delenok ne yake aikata kamar yadda farko dasa na seedlings. Shukewar tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna buƙatar yawan ruwa.
Mai jan tsami
A farkon lokacin bazara, kafin a kumbura, za a yi wasan tsabtace kayan tsabta. Don yin wannan, yanke duk lalacewa ta hanyar sanyi, ya ji rauni kuma ya bushe mai tushe. Sauran matasa da lafiya harbe dole ne a taqaitaccen by ¼ part. Sakamakon irin wannan pruning, daji zai zama ƙara lush kuma karami, yayin da ciyawar za ta yi fure sosai.
Lokacin da shuka ya lalace, zai zama dole don yanke mai tushe a gindi, waɗanda shekarunsu suka kasance 4-5. A lokaci guda, matasa harbe ne kawai dan kadan taqaitaccen, wanda zai taimaka ba su rasa ƙawa ga daji.
Cutar da kwari
Irin wannan shuka yana da tsayayya sosai ga cututtuka da kwari. A tsawon shekaru na noman kry, ba a taɓa samun matsayin kazanta da cuta ko kwari ba.
Bayan fure
Idan an shuka ciyayi a cikin yanki mai dumin yanayi, to, zai iya tsira lokacin hunturu ba tare da tsari ba. Lokacin da ake yin kry a tsakiyar latitude, inda ake yawan ganin lokacin sanyi da dusar kankara, yana da kyau a rufe shi.
Girma a karkara
Don dasa kerriya na Jafananci a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, kuma don kulawa da shi lokacin da aka horar da shi a tsakiyar latitude, ya zama dole a daidai yadda yake a yankuna masu dumin yanayi. Amma a lokaci guda, kar ku manta cewa lokacin da kuka girma daji a yankin Moscow ko kuma yankin Leningrad, yana buƙatar samar da mafaka mai kyau don hunturu. Ya kamata a rufe tsire-tsire daga tsakiya zuwa ƙarshen lokacin kaka, zaɓi ranar bushe don wannan. The mai tushe dole ne a lankwasa zuwa farfajiya na kasar gona, da kuma sa su a kan pre-dage farawa kumfa. Ya kamata a gyara su a wannan matsayi, to, an rufe su da bushe ganye ko an rufe su da rassan spruce. Ya kamata a yi firam ɗin gyarawa a saman daji, wanda zai hana tsayar da rassan. Dole ne a zabi tsari don ya kasance da iska mai kyau, in ba haka ba mai tushe da rassan da ke ƙarƙashinsa za su fara raira waƙa.
Tare da farko na lokacin bazara, ya kamata ka zaɓi bushewa, amma a lokaci guda ranar girgije kuma sannu a hankali cire tsari. Da farko kuna buƙatar cire firam, sannan kuma cire foliage. Gardenerswararrun lambu suna ba da shawara a kan rana mai rana don kare daji daga haskoki kai tsaye na rana tare da kayan rufewa. Gaskiyar ita ce, mai tushe suna iya samun ƙonewa mai zafi, wanda zai haifar da mutuwar daji. Tabbas, za'a iya cire mai ƙonawa koyaushe, amma bayan fitowar matasa harbe, ƙaƙƙarfan fure yana raguwa sosai, kuma a wasu lokuta, kerry baya yin fure kwata-kwata.
Jinsuna da iri
An riga an ambata a sama cewa wannan genus yana wakiltar jinsin 1 kawai - Kerriya na Jafananci. Koyaya, yana da babban adadin nau'ikan lambun daban-daban:
- Albomarginata. Wannan fasalin yana nunawa ta hanyar jinkirin girma. Faranti na ganye na asymmetrical tare da gefen suna kewaye da iyakar farin launi, saboda wannan ga alama cewa shuka yana da rauni sosai. Wannan nau'in ya shahara sosai tsakanin lambu saboda bambancinsa.
- Karshe (Picta). Tsarin daji da ke canzawa a cikin diamita na iya kaiwa zuwa 1-1.2 m, tsayinsa bai wuce 0.6 m ba. A farfajiyar fararen ganye mai launin shuɗi-faranti akwai wuraren farin-cream ɗin. Launin furanni masu sauƙi yana rawaya. Wannan tsari yana girma da sauri.
- Argentino-marginata. Tsawon tsirrai na fure da furanni rawaya kusan 200 santimita ne. Wani bakin bakin ciki yana gudana tare da gefen faranti.
- Kerria albiflora. Smallan ƙananan furanni masu fenti fari.
- Kerria Jafananci Aureovariegata. A irin wannan nau'in terry, toho yana da tsari mai rikitarwa. Tsawon daji yayi matsakaici, yana furanni tsawon lokaci. Idan ka kula da shishshine yadda yakamata, to zai samar fure ne tsawon watanni 3.
- Kerria Golden Guinea. An kawata daji da farantin ganye na falala, har da furanni masu sauki, dasudin dinta shine 60 mm.
- Kerria Pleniflora. A lokacin bazara, daji yana da dumbin flowersan kananan furanni masu ban sha'awa waɗanda suke yi kama da na pompons.
