Itatuwan tsire-tsire na Eric Shuka da kuma kulawa a cikin filin filin Noma a cikin lambun da a gida Hoto

Erica Darlen saukowa da hoto mai kulawa

Erica (latti Erica) wani yanki ne mai tarin yawa na mallakar Heather. Yana da bishiyoyi da katako guda 850, ana samun bishiyoyi. Areaukan bushes ɗin na daƙaƙe, sun kai kusan 30 cm tsayi, kuma bishiyoyi na iya isa alamar maki biyu. Dukkanin wakilai suna sananne ta faranti na ganye na elongated 2-15 mm mai tsayi, suna tattarawa a dukansu kuma suna rufe rassan, suna kama sosai da allura (suna da suna na musamman - ganye na ericoid). Shrubs da wuya kafa mai tushe.

Ta lamba, HALITTAR Erica tana da kashi 20% na dangin Heather. Yawancin nau'in halittu suna rayuwa ne a Afirka ta Kudu, su ma sun zama ruwan dare a cikin Bahar Rum, a tsibiran Tekun Atlantika, a cikin Caucasus, kuma nau'in halittu masu saurin rayuwa suna zaune a Turai.

A kan Turai, tare da Heather, Erica suna samar da heralds (asor). 'Yan lambu da ba ruwansu da ba daidai ba sun yi imani da cewa Heather da Erica ɗayan iri ɗaya ne.

Erica shine tsiro na relic, sabili da haka, yana da matukar mahimmanci a cikin tsarin karatun ɗalibai na ilimin ilimin halittu. Ana daukar Erica matsayin wurin haifuwa na Erica ta dama, kuma an noma shi a karon farko a Ingila (a tsakiyar karni na 18), sannan ya zama sananne a cikin Holland da Belgium. A 1994, na zo yankinmu daga Jamus. A wannan lokacin, ana girma kamar ado na lambu, har ma kamar lambun fure.

Lokacin Eric launi

Furen furannin Erica suna kama da karrarawa, suna birgima, suna taruwa a cikin tseren tsefe guda ɗaya. Ya danganta da nau'in launi, ya bambanta daga dusar ƙanƙara-fari zuwa purple mai zurfi.

Yawo yana faruwa a lokacin rani ko hunturu. A cikin yankuna masu sanyi, Erica fure a cikin bazara ko ƙarshen kaka. Kamar dai furanni yana ɗaukar kimanin watanni shida, tunda furanni bushe ya riƙe tsire har tsawon lokaci.

Girma Erica daga tsaba

Hoto na Erica tsaba

Halittar haihuwa (iri) haifuwar Erica yana haifar da girma seedlings. Shuka tsaba na shuka a bazara. Yi ƙasa cakuda ya ƙunshi daidai adadin yashi da peat.

Cika babban akwati mai cike da abubuwa tare da rarraba tsaba a farfajiya na ƙasa (ƙanana ne, don haka bai kamata a binne su).
Fesa amfanin gona daga mai kyau sprayer, kara moisten kasar gona a wannan hanyar har tsaba su "nutsar".
Don ƙirƙirar tasirin kore, rufe akwatin tare da amfanin gona daga sama tare da gilashi ko fim, amma kullun haɓaka tsari don samun iska.
Ya kamata a shimfiɗa walƙiya, kula da yawan zafin jiki tsakanin 18-20 ° C.
Otsan buɗe ido zasu bayyana bayan makonni 3-4, sannan za'a iya cire tsari.
Lokacin da fure suka kai girman 8-10 cm, dole ne a dasa su cikin tukwane ɗaya. Ba a dasa su a cikin bude ba har sai shekara mai zuwa.

Erica daga tsaba

Don lokacin dumi, ana iya fitar da seedlings zuwa gonar, kuma ya kamata su yi hunturu a cikin ɗaki mai yawan zafin jiki na 10-12 ° C.

Kayan lambu na yaduwa

An bambanta iri-iri da kuma kayan gargajiya ta hanyar ciyawar, tun da yake yayin yaduwar iri za su iya rasa bambance-bambance iri-iri.

Bayanin Eric ta hanyar yankan

Yadda za a dasa hoto na fure Erica

Tsarin kanta bashi da rikitarwa. Zai fi kyau a yanka sare a ƙarshen bazara. Cika akwati ko akwati tare da cakuda yashi-peat, dasa kayan, dasa zurfi ta hanyar 2-3 cm, rufe akwati tare da tsummokin mai ko gilashi m.

Yanke hoton Erica

Ruwan zafin jiki da kuma hasken wuta, kamar yadda iri yake yawo. A wannan matsayin, ya kamata su tsaya har sai lokacin bazara, yayin da suke haɓaka matsuguni don samun iska, lokaci-lokaci sanyaya ƙasa. Shuka bishiyoyi a cikin tukwane daban ko kuma dasa shi cikin ƙasa.

Yin yaduwar Erica ta hanyar farawa

A cikin bazara, zaɓi ɗan harba lafiya, tanƙwara shi a ƙasa, bayan yin ƙaramin rami kusa da daji. Gyara tare da goge gashi ko waya, yayyafa tare da ƙasa, kuma barin saman rassan sama da ƙasa. Ruwa da kuma kiyaye ƙasa kullum dan kadan m, kar a bar shi bushe. Next bazara, matasa shuka za a iya raba daga uwa daji da kuma dasa dabam.

Zabi wurin sauka

Erica ciyawa dasa hoto da kulawa

Ilasa

Lokacin zabar wurin saukarwa, lura cewa ƙasa tana buƙatar numfashi, nutsar da ruwa, amsawar acidic (pH 3-4). Zaɓin da yafi dacewa shine cakuda ƙasa, turɓaya da peat. Introducedasa da wannan abun da ke ciki an gabatar dashi cikin rami na dasawa ko amfani dashi lokacin da aka girma a cikin akwati.

Haushi

Matsayi na danshi a tushen Eric da aka sani ba ya jurewa (ba tare da cutar lalacewa ba), don haka kada ku dasa a cikin ƙananan ƙasashe da kuma yankunan da ambaliyar ke gudana, tare da kusancin abin da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa, gina babban gado.

Haske

Dangane da hasken wuta, Eric bai yarda da hasken rana kai tsaye ba, don haka zabi wani dan karamin inuwa, zaku iya dasa rawanin bishiyoyi ko tsayi bushes karkashin inuwa mai kwance. Lokacin girma a ɗaka, sanya kan taga ko yamma.

Erica dasa a cikin ƙasa bude

Kuna iya dasa Eric a cikin ƙasa tare da farkon zafin dangi na bazara, lokacin da aka saita zazzabi sama a +10 ° C. Wannan shine matakin farko da ya dace don kara samun bunkasar cigaba.

Idan kun dasa Erica a cikin ƙasa a cikin bazara, shuka ba zai sami lokacin ɗaukar tushe da girma da ƙarfi kafin farkon hunturu ba. Mafi kyawun, ƙaramin Erica zai daskare, amma galibi inji yakan mutu.

Yi ramuka na sauka tare da zurfin 25-30 cm, tsawon kuma nisa kuma kusan 30 cm.
Sanya matattarar yashi mai laushi a ƙasa.
Sanya seedling a tsakiyar ramin kuma rufe shi tare da canza abin da ya dace.
Kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a cire seedling daga cikin akwati kuma a sanya shi a cikin ruwa mai dumi don jikewa tare da danshi.
Bayan dasa, tushen abin wuya ya kamata ya zame tare da farfajiya na ƙasa.
Ruwa, bari ruwa ya shiga ciki kuma nan da nan sai ya fara jujjuya saman kasar gona da maginan itace, kwakwalwar katako ko peat.

Rike tsakanin 20-50 cm tsakanin tsire-tsire ɗaya na mutum Don gungun dasawa don kallo, dole ne a yi amfani da tsire-tsire akalla 5. Zasu zama na ado (girma da kyau) bayan shekaru 3.

Yadda za a kula da Erica a cikin lambu da a gida

Ba wanda zai iya kiran noma Erica aiki mai wuya. Za a buƙaci daidaitattun ayyuka: watering, saman miya, pruning, shiri don lokacin hunturu.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Wajibi ne a samar da tsarin zafin jiki wanda ya dace (a dabi'ance lokacin da ya girma Erica a cikin dakin daki). Ya kamata a kiyaye yawan zafin jiki na iska tsakanin 18-20 ° C, kuma yayin furanni ya kamata a kiyaye shi a cikin kewayon 7-8 ° C. Idan yanayin zafi yayi sama, dole ne a kula da zafi. Fesa da shuka sau da yawa a mako, lokaci-lokaci sanya a kan pallet da rigar gansakuka, lãka kumbura, pebbles.

Yadda ake ruwa

A cikin bude ƙasa a bushe, yanayin zafi, amfani da yayyafa. Don shayarwa da feshi, yi amfani da ruwa mai laushi a zazzabi a ɗakin.

A lokacin rani, ruwa mai yalwa kuma sau da yawa, amma kada ku ƙyale waterlogging na ƙasa. Idan murfin ƙura a cikin tukunya ya bushe, sanya akwati a cikin guga na ruwa na minti 40-50. A cikin hunturu, samar da matsakaici watering.

Yadda ake ciyarwa

Don kiyaye ƙarfin shuka, ya isa ya ciyar da sau ɗaya a shekara. A matsayin takin zamani, ba da shawarar yin amfani da kwayoyin, musamman idan sabo ne.

Haɗin rigakafin da ya dace da Erica shine takaddun ma'adinan ma'adinai (alal misali, Kemira na duniya; yi amfani da 20-30 g a 1 m or) ko takin gargajiya don rhododendrons, azaleas (rage sashi da aka nuna akan kunshin). Ana yin riguna na sama tare da ruwa don ban ruwa. Domin kada ya haifar da ƙonewa ga shuka, yi ƙoƙarin guji samun ruwa a cikin ganyayyaki.

Yadda ake shuka amfanin gona

A cikin shekaru biyu na farko na shuka, ba za a iya datse shuka ba. A nan gaba, zaku iya aiwatar da haske na samar da kwalliyar daji. Hakanan cire bushe, lalacewa da marassa lafiya, yi kokarin kada ku taɓa tsohuwar itace. Tsage a farkon bazara ko bayan fure. Cire wilted inflorescences. Yi amfani da keɓaɓɓen, kuma bi da wuraren yanke tare da nau'in lambun ko gawayi.

Cin nasarar Erica a cikin filin budewa a cikin kewayen birni da tsakiyar layi

Girma Erica a cikin ƙasa bude, tabbatar da cewa kula da tsari na hunturu. Bayan na farko frosts, ciyawa da akwati da'irar tare da peat ko ganye bushe, tare da rufe tsiro. Irin wannan zane tabbas zai kare plantings har ma a cikin lokacin sanyi. Cire tsari a bazara tare da fara zafi.

Game da dakin eric, ya zama dole don ciyar da shuka tare da takin ma'adinai mai hadaddun da aika shi don hunturu zuwa wuri mai sanyi, mai haske.

Cutar da kwari

Mafi sau da yawa, inji yana fama da cututtukan fungal.

Grey rot ci gaba tare da ƙara zafi na iska da ƙasa. Wannan yana faruwa da matsanancin ruwa, ambaliya tare da narkewa ruwa ko kuma ƙarshen cire tsari a cikin bazara. Wani launin toka mai launin toka ya bayyana akan rassan, harbe suka fara yanke jiki kadan, ganye platinum ya watse. Ana buƙatar magani tare da ƙwayar fungicidal antifungal fungicidal (Fundazole, Topaz). Idan akwai wata babbar rauni, bi da daji tare da ruwa na Bordeaux ko kuma 1% maganin maganin tagulla, aiwatar da sau 2-3 tare da yawan kwanakin 5-10. Don dalilan rigakafin, ana yin magani tare da kwayoyi masu kama da wannan a farkon bazara (bayan cire tsari) da kaka.

Cin nasara zai yiwu powdery mildew: matasa rassan an rufe da whitish Bloom kuma mutu a kashe. Bayyanannin launin shuɗi-launin ruwan kasa alama ce ta tsatsa. Don adana daga waɗannan cututtukan, ana buƙatar magani tare da fungicides.

Idan buds da harbe suka sami sabon inuwa, suna maras kyau - wannan kamuwa da cuta. Ba shi yiwuwa a warkar da shuka. Tono da ƙona tsire-tsire masu ƙura don kada cutar da wasu.

Kuna iya fuskantar matsala irin su ganye fall. Dalilin shine rashin danshi, wajibi ne don ruwa da daidaita yanayin hulawa da kyau.

Daga cikin kwaro matsaloli na iya lalacewa ta hanyar ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo da ƙwayoyin cuta. Lokacin da kake girma daji a cikin yanayi na cikin gida, saika sanya auduga a ciki tare da maganin barasa kuma a cire abubuwan da aka samu a jikin kwari (yadudduka ko makamancin sa na ulu). A kowane hali, za a nemi magani na kashe kwari. Don dalilai na hanawa, yayyafa tsire-tsire tare da sabulu da ruwa, cire ganyen da ya faɗo daga ƙarƙashin daji a cikin dacewar lokaci.

Erica a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi

Erica a cikin hoton zane mai faɗi

Mafi mashahuri bayyanannu ericarius (kindergarten, ya ƙunshi eric, zafi, dwarf conifers). Yana da kamala, kyakkyawa, mai salo. Girman maganin ericaria akalla 1 m². Kuma mafi kyawun tsari shine wavy tsawo ko zagaye, murabba'i ko alwatika kwata-kwata bai dace ba.

Tare, suna dacewa da juna, saboda abubuwan da ake buƙata don ƙasa da kulawa iri ɗaya ne.

Yana da ma'ana haɓaka tare da Heather, saboda an bambanta su da lokacin furanni - shafin zai kasance koyaushe. Shirya dasa a kan manyan lawns ko tare da gine-gine, dutse da katako lambu partitions, tsakuwa hanyoyi.

Erica a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi yana daidaita hoto mai launi

Ana iya haɗu da Erica tare da irin waɗannan conifers: pyramidal ko junipers columnar, ponica spruce, Cossack juniper, spruce nest spruce, microbiota, spherical arborvitae, dwarf pine bishiyu, bishiyoyin bishiyoyin. Hakanan ya dace da abokan zama: dwarf Birch, willen willow, gaulteria, whitewashed. Don ba da haske, zaku iya dasa kamar rhododendrons, wanda ya kamata a sanya shi a tsakiya ko bango.

Erica a cikin zanen hoton lambun

Idan ericaria ana kallon shi kawai a gefe ɗaya (yana kan bango na ginin ko kusa da shinge), sanya tsirrai a matsayin tushen baya, kuma sanya '' '' '' yara a goshi. Idan an duba abubuwan da ke ciki daga dukkan bangarorin, dasa tsire-tsire masu tsayi a tsakiya.

Erica da Heather a cikin hoto naúrar duka

A gefuna na abun da ke ciki, zaku iya shuka tsire-tsire masu ƙaramin kwari: bluebills, muscari, snowdrops, crocuses, quinodox, narcissus, zaku iya ƙara hoto tare da kayan ƙasa.

Alkalumman ƙirar crammic a cikin ericaria ba su dace ba. A zahiri ta dace da kututture na katako, kyakkyawar snag, dutsen.

Erica a cikin furannin furanni

Abubuwan inflorescences na Erica sun dace da yankan kuma ci gaba da amfani da su a cikin busassun bouquets ko wasu abubuwan haɗawa. A bushe su a hankali, zai fi kyau a sanya su a cikin kwandon ado na ado inda za a same su. Saboda rassan ba su yi tsayi bayan bushewa, fesa su da fesa gashi.

Nau'in Erica tare da hotuna da sunaye

Duk da yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan Erica, masu lambu suna mai da hankali ga fewan ka'idodi waɗanda za a iya girma cikin gida a sauƙaƙe. Dukkansu sun bambanta da girma da launi.

Erica rosy ko ciyawa Erica herbacea ko Erica carnea

Erica rosy ko ciyawa Erica herbacea ko hoto na Erica carnea

Lokacin fure yana daga Nuwamba zuwa Afrilu. A cikin yanayin halitta ana samun mafi yawan lokuta a Tsakiyar da Kudancin Turai. Tsayin tsinken bishiyar ya kai 65 cm, kuma a cikin nisa yana girma da cm 45. Yankunan rassan da kyau, an rufe harbe da yawa tare da faranti mai siffa allurai 4-8 mm. An tattara ganyaye a cikin abubuwa 4. A cikin axils na ganye inflorescences ne ƙasa. Corollas suna da kararrawa, mai sheki, mai ruwan hoda, ja, mara galihu - fari.

Erica m Erica gracilis

Erica mai ladabi hoto Erica gracilis

Bush rabin mita tsayi. Yana da kambi mara kyau: harbe na tsakiya sun fi tsayi a kai. Takardun layi na layi kawai 4 mm tsayi, kore mai haske a launi. M Corollas tara a cikin inflorescences of 4 inji mai kwakwalwa. a saman harbe. Inuwa na fure mai haske ja. A cikin tsire-tsire iri-iri, furanni na iya zama fari-fari, ruwan hoda. Wannan nau'in yana yin haƙuri kawai da sanyi dare, saboda haka an girma shi a matsayin shekara-shekara ko a cikin tukunya. Kayan lambu na yaduwa (rooting of cuttings). Zai fi kyau a girma a cikin wani wuri mai duhu Inuwa abokan da suka dace a kan shafin za su kasance cyclamens, dutse, crysanthemums.

Erica Darlene Erica x darleyensis

Erica Darlena Erica x darleyensis hoto

A matasan da ke farawa fure a watan Afrilu ko farkon Mayu. Itace tana da daraja sosai, a cikin yanayin halitta ta kai tsayin 0.9 m, lokacin da ake horar da ita, an iyakance ta alamar rabin-rabi. Abu ne sananne saboda saurin haɓakar saurin sa, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ya sami sanannen shahara tsakanin yan lambu. Furanni masu dusar kankara-fari, ruwan hoda, rasberi mai haske (dangane da iri-iri). Don namo, zaka buƙaci wurin da hasken rana ya haskaka kuma ya kiyaye shi daga iska mai ƙarfi. Ba duk nau'ikan da ke tsayayya da sanyi ba ne; an girma ne kamar amfanin gona na shekara da ko girki.

Erica mai hudu-hudu ko kuma gawarwatsuwa Erica tetralix

Hoto na Erica hudu mai ɗaukar hoto ko rikon hoto na Erica tetralix

Wani nau'in da zai iya yin nasarar nasarar hunturu a tsakiyar yankin Rasha a gaban tsari (yankin sanyi lokacin sanyi 4-5). Lokacin dasa shuki kusa da conifers, zai iya yin ba tare da ƙarin tsari ba. Isan daji yana da kamala, mai tushe yana madaidaici, mai shimfiɗa ta tsawon daƙiƙa 0,5-0.7. Lokacin da aka dasa shi a kan ƙasa mai laushi sosai, rashi acid zai yi saurin girma. Green ganye tare da mai haske tint, akwai ji pubescence. Yana fure a lokacin bazara har zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Furannin furen fari ne, masu launin shuɗi ko ja.

Erica arborea

Hoton Erica Erica arborea hoto

Itace mai tsananin zafi-mai ƙauna tare da tsayin dutsen bai wuce 3 m ba.A cikin yanayin halitta yana zaune a cikin Bahar Rum. Itace tana jan hankalin mai itaciyar ta yadda a yankuna muke girma cikin kwantena. A lokacin dumin yanayi, zaka iya amfani dashi azaman adon wajan yin ado na lambun, baranda, loggia, gazebo, kuma da farkon yanayin sanyi kana bukatar ka matsar dashi zuwa gonar hunturu. Furen furanni masu launin shuɗi, suna lumshe ido, dusar ƙanƙara mai-fari tare da tsohuwar launin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi, mai kamshi sosai, wanda aka tattara a tseren tsere.

Erica wangamara

Erica sararin samaniya Erica spikulifolia hoto

Kaɗan ne mai ƙasa da ƙasa (kusan 25 cm). Takaddun ganye masu duhu na launin koren duhu mai duhu suna gudana mai tushe. Lokacin fure yana cikin watan Yuni-Yuli. Mafi yawan siraran-kararrawa masu ƙyalƙyali suna da launin shuɗi mai ruwan hoda. Zai iya tsayayya da yawan zafin jiki zuwa -23 ° C, cikin nasara cikin ruwan sanyi a karkashin murfin dusar ƙanƙara, amma yafi kyau gina mafaka. Dankin da ya kasance mallakar wata ƙabilar halittar da ke kusa da eric: Bruckenthalia (Bruckenthalia).

Mafi yawan nau'ikan da ake nema shine Balkan Rose, wanda yafi kyau a ado ga duka jinsuna da sauran tsirrai daban-daban.

Erica launin toka ko bluish cinerea

Erica Grey ko Sizar hoto Erica cinerea

Yankakke bushes 20-25 cm tsayi .. Lokacin furanni yana tsawon lokacin bazara, yana dawowa da sanyi lokacin sanyi. Yankin lokacin sanyi 4-5 (har zuwa -34 ° C). Duk da haka, dasa shuki ne mafi kyau ga tsari don hunturu.