Suna cewa game da ƙwayoyin gandun daji na Colorado - iska ta kawo. Tabbas, wakilan manya daga cikin dangin ganyen ciye-ciye suna iyawa, iska tana motsawa, don shawo kan sama da kilomita 15-50 a kowace rana. Saurin bazara mai zaman kanta a cikin yanayin kwanciyar hankali shine 4-8 km / h. Babban shekarun manya farawa ne a cikin faduwar bincike na wuraren da suka dace da hunturu. Game da peculiarities na kiwo Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro kuma, ba shakka, game da hanyoyin yaƙe da hana su - labarinmu.
Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro.
Fasali na rayuwa da kuma kiwo radoarnar ƙwaro
A cikin hunturu, ƙwaro irin ƙwaro suna shiga cikin ƙasa fiye da daskarewa (70 cm da zurfi). Partangare na ajiyar tsintsiyar tsohuwar ya zauna a cikin ƙasa har tsawon shekaru 2-3. A cikin bazara, lokacin da aka tsayar da yanayin dumama mai sanyi kuma iska ta tashi zuwa + 15 ° С, an zaɓi manya zuwa farfajiya. Wannan shi ne kamar lokacin taro na dandano na dandelions, ci gaban aiki na ciyayi daga dangin Namiji (baki da ja Nightshade, Dope, belladonna, belena).
Da sha'awar cin ganyen matasa na ciyawar da ake so, a jikin bishiyoyi daga baya ta tashi daga tsoffin tsirrai da ke ci zuwa matattarar matasa na tumatir, eggplant, dankalin turawa. Anan, akan bangon ganyen 1-2 na ganyayyakin da aka noma, mace zata sanya kwai a tsika 10-30.
A cutarwa na beetles ne m fecundity da kuma ci ci. Femaleaya mace tana saka ƙwayaje 400-2500 a rayuwarta. Kowace irin ƙwaro a cikin wata guda ya ci fiye da 4 na matasa ganye, kuma tsutsa fiye da 1 g, barin kawai kwarangwal ya rage na kore taro.
Bayan kwanaki 5-17, manya manya masu duhu masu duhu daga ƙwai, waɗanda bayan kwanaki 15 zuwa 15 rayuwa suka canza launi zuwa ruwan leɗi-orange ko mai haske. Suna tafiya zuwa ƙasa, inda suke ɗalibai suna zuwa sama bisa siffar ƙirar matasa. A tsawon lokacin bazara, ƙwayoyin gandun daji na Colorado sun sami damar ba da tsararraki na 2-4, don haka ƙwaro na matakai daban-daban na ci gaba na iya ci gaba a 1 daji. Lalacewa ta wurin su na iya kaiwa ga asarar kashi 100 cikin dari.
Hanyoyin da za a magance ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na Colorado
Hanyoyi don magance Colorado dankalin turawa, ƙwaro ya kasu kashi biyu:
- m
- ilmin halitta
- sinadarai.
An ba da babban rawar gani wajen rage adadin kwari da ke cin ganye ga matakan kariya, wadanda suka hada da masu aikin gona da sauran hanyoyin kashe kwari. Babban taimako a cikin tattalin arziki shine hanyoyin hanyoyin magance kwaro.
M
Abubuwa masu tsoratarwa
Hanya mai mahimmanci don yaƙar ƙwayar ƙwayar dankalin turawa ta Colorado shine ingantaccen tsarin kula da tattalin arzikin lambun. Dankali da sauran albarkatu na kayan lambu (da ake buƙata don kwaro) ya kamata su koma ainihin wurin su ba kafin shekaru 4-5. Saboda haka, juyarwar shukar (jujin amfanin gona) ya zama dole, wanda zai fi dacewa daidaita yanayin musanya kayan amfanin gona, da bayar da gudummawa ga lokacin girbi da kuma shirin ƙasa domin dasa shuki ko shuka irin amfanin gona mai zuwa.
Larvae na Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro.
Don yin wannan, dole ne ka:
- yi jujjuyawar amfanin gona tare da matsakaicin albarkatun gona da za su jawo hankalin magabtan halitta na irin ƙwaro irin ƙwaro irin ta tsuntsaye (tsuntsaye, dabbakun daji, ƙwakwallan ƙasa da sauransu) zuwa gonar kuma tabbatar da cewa daddare ta dawo zuwa ainihin wurin ba a farkon hutu na shekaru 4-5 ba;
- ba magabata na dare ba zai iya sanya al'adar iyali guda (alal misali: dankali bayan cinya, tumatir da mataimakin shi);
- bayan an girbe magabaci, dole ne a shayar da ƙasa sosai don tsokani ɓarnuwar ciyawar. A cikin seedlings, takin ma'adinai da ƙwaya da kuma tono ƙasa a kan bayonet na shebur (25-30 cm) akan chernozems tare da juyin juya halin Layer. Guji ambaliyar lambun da ciyawa bayan girbi;
- a lokacin tsiro, tsabtace filayen tsabtace daga ciyawa, ta amfani da ƙarshen a matsayin ciyawa bayan kwance.
Sabbin hanyoyin kariya
Kafin zuwan magungunan, ba a iya amfani da peasants hanyoyin magance daskararren dankalin turawa na Colorado, ana yinsa ne sakamakon lura da sake zagayowar yanayin ci gaba da haifuwar kwari.
Tsohon "baƙon abu" a cikin fasahar noma na dankali
A yau, mazauna rani suna dawowa zuwa tsohuwar hanyar tabbatar da girma dankali akan ciyawa. Don yin wannan, a kan mãkirci shirya a fall (warware daga weeds, hadu da dug sama), babban Layer da ciyawa ne raked ga dankali. Zai iya zama ganye, ciyawa, bambaro, matasa (ba iri ba) ciyawa da sauran kayan. A lokacin hunturu, suna sauka daga tsarin halitta na lalata lalata kuma a ƙarƙashin matsin wani yanki mai dusar ƙanƙara.
A lokacin bazara, da ciyawa mai kauri da ciyawa ke yaduwa kadan, an dasa filayen dankalin turawa kuma an sake rufe su da wani ciyawa mai cike da girman 25-30 cm. Kamar yadda shrinkage, ana kara ciyawa, ana kiyaye babban Layer na kayan rufi.
Gwanin ƙwayoyin cuta suna kama warin sabo dankalin turawa, amma ba zai iya samun hakan ba ta hanyar ciyawa sai ya mutu. A cikin kaka, an girka ciyawa daga gadaje, ana girbe tubers. Rabin ciyawar rabin-bazara ya warwatse ko'ina cikin shafin kuma an binne shi a cikin ƙasa a matsayin takin gargajiya. Dangane da sake dubawa daga mazauna bazara na Rasha da manoma na Amurka, kusan babu lalatattun kwaro a cikin wannan hanyar shuka dankali.
Girma dankali a ƙarƙashin bambaro.
Infusions, kayan kwalliya da jijiyoyi
Infusions da kayan kwalliyar ciyawar ciyawa ba su da lahani kamar yadda yawancin marubuta suka rubuta, suna ba da wasu hanyoyi na rigakafin kwaro. Don haka, dole ne a yi amfani dasu da kyau kuma a tabbata cewa ana amfani da matakan aminci, musamman don fuka da ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Bayan dasa shuki dankali, da kuma tsawon lokacin harbe guda a cikin fili (idan ya kasance karama), a yanka dankalin turawa dankalin turawa. 'Ya'yan ƙwayoyin tsuntsaye suna tawo da kamshin dankali. Ya rage don tattarawa da rusa su.
- A cikin dasa shuki da dankalin turawa, an girka kwantena daban-daban tare da ƙasa, a kasan wacce akwai "Cutar abinci ta Colorado" - dankalin peeling, musamman tare da shuki. Sau 1-2 a mako yana da muhimmanci a duba tarkuna. Ana tattara tsutsotsi a cikin guga na daban tare da ruwa mai soapy ko miya mai kerosene kuma an lalata shi.
- A cikin ƙananan yankuna, zaku iya rage adadin kwari ta hanyar girgiza shi a cikin kwano, a ƙasa wanda ruwan wuta mai ƙarfi, kerosene ko wani bayani mai guba don ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cuta.
- An tafasa ash ash na awa 0.5 a cikin rabo na 1 kg / 10 l na ruwa, nace kwanaki 2. 40-50 g na sabulu mai wanki (ba tare da komi ba) an ƙara shi zuwa matattara mai warwarewa kuma bayan an narkar da shi gaba ɗaya, an narkar da hankali sau ɗaya tare da 10 l na ruwa. Sakamakon aiki na aiki yana fesa da tsire-tsire. Idan ya cancanta, maimaita spraying, yana da kyau bayan sakin imago na ƙwayar dankalin turawa na Colorado.
- Tafasa don mintina 15-20 a cikin lita 10 na ruwa 200 g na furanni Dandelion da tsire-tsire na horsetail. Cool, iri. Tsarma 0.5 l daga cikin sakamakon tattara a cikin guga na ruwa da yayyafa dasa na Nightshade.
- Kuna iya shirya tattara kayan abinci na duniya wanda ke shafar babban adadin kwari mai cin ganye. A cikin kaka, ganyen galvanized ko ganga na katako ya cika da ganyayen kwayayen ganye, ganyayen kore kuma an zuba su da ruwan zãfi. A lokacin hunturu, an samar da abubuwan tattara abubuwa masu guba. Lita 1-2 na mai da hankali aka narke tare da lita 10 na ruwa kuma an yayyafa shi tare da aikin aiki na natsuwa da ake so. An gudanar da gwajin maida hankali ne a cikin hanyar: tsarma aiki na mafita na hankali daban-daban (1:10, 2:10, 1,5: 10.) Kuma tsire-tsire 1-2 na tumatir, dankali, eggplant an fesa. Bayan kwanaki 1-2, suna kulawa da wane irin aikin aiki babu ƙonewa a kan bushes da aka bi, tare da wannan maganin kuma ana kula da dukkanin rukunin yanar gizon. Tasirin aikace-aikacen yana da girma.
Kwayoyin cuta
Dankalin dankalin turawa na dankalin turawa yana bambanta tsakanin jawowa da kuma kamshi tsirrai. Latterarshe ana kiran su da ƙwayoyin kwari. 'Yan lambu sun yi amfani da wannan hanyar kariya a lokacin da babu magungunan kashe qwari. Tsarin tsire-tsire masu guba sun haɗa da: calendula, wake, wake wake, wake, daji, tafarnuwa.
Shuka tare da gefuna da gadaje da kuma karkashin bushes daban-daban, wadannan tsire-tsire dogara kare kayan lambu amfanin gona daga mamayewa na Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro. Koyaya, lura cewa tsire-tsire 1-2 ba zasu iya kare al'adun daga kwaro ba.
Kwanciya ƙwai na dankalin turawa irin ƙwaro.
Aiwatar da matakan kariya na sunadarai
Kayayyakin halittu
An shirya shirye-shiryen halitta akan kwayar ko fungal. Ba su da lahani ga dabbobi masu jini-ɗumi kuma a ɗan iya cutar da mutane. Abubuwan samfuran halitta Bitoxibacillin, Bicol, Colorado, Fitoverm, Agrovertin, Boverin sun lalata lardin matasa mafi yawa. Tasirin magungunan yana da alaƙa da yanayin yanayi kuma yana buƙatar sake maimaitawa bayan kwanaki 20-25. Ana bayyana allurai da hanyar aikace-aikacen akan fakiti da kan shafukan yanar gizo masu dacewa a Intanet.
Chemical
Daga cikin sinadaran, Decis-Profi, Confidor, Kwamandan, Corado, Aktara, Spark, Walƙiya da sauransu suna da tasiri. Shirye-shirye sun fi tasiri a cikin lura da plantings a lokacin da taro fita daga larvae. A matsayinka na doka, waɗannan magungunan suna cikin aji na haɗari 3-4, kuma kuna buƙatar yin aiki tare da su sosai, lura da duk matakan kariya na mutum. Amma game da samfuran halitta, shirye-shiryen aiki mafita da hanyoyin aikace-aikacen an bayyana su dalla-dalla kan kunshin da kuma shafukan yanar gizo masu dacewa.
Iri daban-daban waɗanda ba su tsoron Tsohuwar ƙwayar dankalin turawa
A kan tsire-tsire na lambun, a tsakanin irin dankalin da aka saba, akwai bushes da kullun da ba a cika zama irin ɗumbin dankalin Turawa ba. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, a cikin wadannan bushes, ciyayin ganye mai kauri ne, na roba, ganye suna zuwa sama a wani mahimmin kusurwa, kuma suna haskaka rana duk rana. Bar waɗannan bushes akan dankali iri.
A hankali, kuna samun nau'ikan nau'ikan da ke da tsayayya wa kwari fiye da na asali. Mafi yawa ana cuta da raunana bushes tare da kwance a fili ganye ruwa, wanda yake shi ne sosai dace da kwanciya qwai, ana irin wannan irin ƙwaro.
Itace wanda aka cinye ta larvae na dankalin turawa irin ƙwaro.
Ayyukan kiwo a kan namo iri daban-daban masu adawa da kwaro ya fara ne a cikin 90s na karni na karshe a cikin Tarayyar Rasha, Belarus, Ukraine. A halin yanzu, masu shayarwa sun gabatar da nau'ikan nau'ikan 100% masu tsayayya da zalunci na ƙwayar dankalin turawa na Colorado. Waɗannan nau'ikan da Bilarus da Ukraine ke bayarwa: Morning, Bryansk amintacce, Lasunok, Kamensky, Orbit, Belorussky-3.
Na nau'ikan Ural, Temp da Antizhuk suna kan kasuwa. Duk nau'ikan ana bambanta su ta hanyar shafewa da gashin gashi na gandun daji na daji da kusan tsari a tsaye na ruwan wukake na ganye. Wannan tsari yana hana kwaro daga ciyarwa da kwanciya ƙwai. Dankali ba ya buƙatar kariya, tunda Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro ba ya yanke hukunci a kansu.
A cikin sayarwa ta taro, don dasa shuki a kan manyan wuraren iri, bai isa ba tukuna, amma akwai nau'ikan tuni ga wajan lambu don gidajen rani. Zaku iya siyan kayan dasawa a cikin shagunan musamman ko kantuna na kan layi na wurare na musamman da haɓaka cikakken kayan abinci mai mahimmanci a cikin gida.
Daga nau'ikan samarwa, kula da iri-iri na Morning. An halin high fari haƙuri, ba a shafi marigayi Blight da scab, kuma shi ne cikakken inedible ga Colorado dankalin turawa, beetles. Daga cikin nau'ikan farko, Lasunok shine jagora. Mai yawan amfanin ƙasa, tare da ɗanɗano mai kyau da kuma adana inganci, yana haɓaka har zuwa 12 a kowace tsiro na 1 a kowane ɗayan na nauyin 100-200 g kowace.
