Tsirrai aikin Shuka da kulawa a cikin ƙasa buɗewa roduwaƙwalwar Winteranyen hunturu-mai tsananin ƙarfi ga yankin Moscow

Filin saukar da kayan aikin Strawberry na Strawberry filayen hoto na Deutzia

Deutzia (Deutzia) itace perenni mai lalacewa sosai (yana rayuwa kimanin shekaru 25) dasawa tare da tsayi 0.4-4 m.Togin Hortense ne. Gidajen halitta sune Mexico, Japan, China.

An ba da sunan wannan shuka don girmamawa ga Johann baths Deitz - magajin garin Amsterdam, wanda ya tallafawa balaguron zuwa Gabas. Kasuwancin Yaren mutanen Holland sun kawo jinsunan Jafananci da Himalayan zuwa Turai a farkon karni na 19, kuma an san nau'ikan Sinawa a ƙarshen karni da muka ambata.

Bayanin Botanical

Tsarin tushen tushen nau'in: Ana haɗa matakan tafiyar sanda tare da fibrous Tushen da ke cikin ɓangaren babba. Siffar daji yana tsaye ko yadawa. Rassan suna zama m ciki, suna watsewa cikin sauƙi. An rufe tushe mai tushe tare da kyawawan haushi na launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, a kan lokaci, tsohuwar ɓoyayyiyar ƙusa tana kwance kuma ta rataye da sarƙoƙi - wannan tsari ne na halitta wanda ba alamar kowace matsala ba.

Aiki a cikin hoton zane mai faɗi

M ganye mai siffar launuka masu yawa a haɗe a takaice petioles, located gaban, fentin kore - kafin fure, aikin zai iya rikita batun honeysuckle. A harbe na bara a ƙarshen bazara, inflorescences tsere tseren fara bayyana. Flow yana da yawa. Girman diamita na corolla biyar da aka buga shine 1-2 cm, tsinkayen ya ninka.

Furanni suna bisexual, fentin fari, rasberi, ruwan hoda, ruwan hoda, akwai launi biyu. Zai iya zama mai sauƙin sauƙi ko terry. Babban aikin ya kunshi kwai da tsayi. Flow yana da kimanin watanni 2 kuma yana tare da ƙanshi mai saurin kamshi mai ɗanɗano. Bayan fure, an ɗaure wata ƙwaya mai kwalliya.

Zabi na shuka da kuma dasa mataki a cikin ƙasa bude

Caption Deutzia 'Scabra Plena'

Lokacin zabar seedlings a cikin shago, kuna buƙatar bincika daji sosai a kan alamun lalacewar, alamun rashin lafiya, da kuma ko kodan suna da matsala. Kuna iya zaɓar seedling tare da Tushen bude, kuma ba a cikin akwati ba, saboda zaku iya bincika tsarin tushe sosai (Tushen kada a cika shi, ya lalace) kuma farashin ya fi kuɗin kashewa. Nemi irin waɗannan justan tsire kafin dasa shuki; yayin jigilar kaya, kunsa Tushen da takarda mai kauri.

Amma mafi kyawun duka, rayuwa na seedlings tare da tsarin rufewar, wanda aka dasa a cikin akwati. Yana da mahimmanci a kula da tsarkakan ganyayyaki: saboda babu wasu aibobi da lalacewa iri-iri.

Yaushe shuka

Kuna buƙatar dasa shi a cikin bazara, lokacin da ƙasa ke tsufa, kuma ƙurar ba ta buɗe ba tukuna. Zaɓi wani fili buɗe ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye da rana ba.

Ana shirya dasawa da nisa tsakanin busheshen

Idan tushen seedling ya bushe kuma ya zama bare, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar shuka na tsawon awanni 2-3 a cikin kwandon shara tare da yumɓu mai yumɓu daga maganin ƙwaƙwalwar potassium na walƙiya mai haske mai ruwan hoda; a kakkarye yankan katako. Akwatunan tsire-tsire ana shayar da dan kadan kuma an yarda su tsaya saboda ana iya cire Tushen a hankali tare da dunƙule ƙasa.

Growsan daji yayi girma sosai da ƙarfi, don haka wajibi ne don dasa a nesa na 2.5 m daga wasu tsirrai ko kowane ginin. A ƙasa ake bukata sako-sako da, gina jiki drained. Idan ƙasa a gonar ba ta cika waɗannan sigogi ba, ana iya cika ramin dasa tare da cakuda humus, peat, yashi a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 2. 300 g slaked lemun tsami ya kamata a ƙara ƙasa mai acidic. Zurfin ramin fossa ya kamata ya zama cm 40-50. Za'a iya sanya yashi mai laushi a gindin kamar magudanar ruwa.

Yadda ake shuka

Removedasar da aka cire daga rami saukowa (idan ta dace da shuka) ko kuma haɗin ƙasa da aka shirya dole ne a haɗe shi da 100-125 g na nitrophoska. Sanya seedling a cikin rami na dasa, ku rufe shi da duniya, tushen wuya ya zama kamar santimita santimita sama da ƙasa. Latsa ƙasa kaɗan, ruwa daji. Don ta da karkataccen tillering, harbe ya kamata a taqaitacce zuwa 3-5 buds. Ciyawa ƙasa ƙasa tare da peat Layer game 5 cm lokacin farin ciki.

Yadda ake kulawa da aiki a gonar

Deytsia m Deutzia gracilis 'Nikko' hoto

Watse

Ba a buƙatar yin ruwa sau da yawa. Ya isa a kawo guga na ruwa sau ɗaya a mako, kuma a cikin yanayin zafi za ku buƙaci bulo 2 na ruwa a lokaci guda. Daga tsakiyar watan Agusta, dakatar da ruwa.

Bayan yin ruwa, toshe ƙasa zuwa zurfin 20-25 cm.

Manyan miya

Dole ne a yi amfani da suturar miya kawai lokacin lokacin fure. Sau ɗaya a wata, takin tare da kwayoyin halitta (lita 3-4 na taki na kowane daji). Sau biyu a kakar, sanya 120-150 g na takaddun takaddun ma'adinai na kowane daji.

Mai jan tsami

Dole ne ayi girki a cikin bazara da kaka. A lokacin bazara, ka yanke rassan da ke daskararru, yanke wadanda suka fashe gaba daya. Idan kusan dukkanin harbe sun sha wahala daga sanyi, ya fi dacewa don aiwatar da kwalliyar kwalliya: yanke su kusan zuwa ginin, yana barin kututture kawai. Haka kuma, ana sake farfado da shuka sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 5-8.

Bayan an gama fure, ya zama dole a rage harbe da suka lalace a wannan shekarar zuwa farkon farkon toho ko kuma gindi. Yanke tsoffin rassan, na bakin ciki daga daji, ba shi siffar da ake so.

Juyawa

Idan akwai sha'awar ko buƙatar dasa wani daji, kuna buƙatar yin wannan kawai a cikin bazara, saboda aikin yana da lokaci don ɗauka tushe a cikin sabon wuri kafin farkon yanayin sanyi. Moisten kasar gona, a hankali tono fitar da daji da kuma Reload tare da earthen dunƙule cikin sabon rami rami. A kasan, pre-sanya magudanar ruwa da 20-30 g na hadaddun ma'adinai taki. Earthara ƙasa, tamp, ruwa mai yalwa. Dole a yanke tsoffin rassan, kuma matasa harbe a gajarta ta 1/3 na tsawon. Bushesan daji da suka girma bayan dasawa sun daidaita na dogon lokaci, amma matasa suna ɗauka da sauri.

Cutar da kwari

Dankin yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka da kwari. Lokaci-lokaci wani mai murkushe proboscis na iya jujjuya ganyayyakin - aiwatar da aiki tare da maganin kashe kwari.

Bishiyar juriya na aiki da tsari domin hunturu

Sanyi na juriya na aikin yayi kadan, saboda haka dole ne a rufe shi don hunturu. A cikin yankuna masu dusar ƙanƙara mai sanyi, ya isa don tanƙwara daji zuwa ƙasa kuma ya rufe shi da dusar ƙanƙara. A cikin winters mai zafi tare da ƙananan yanayin zafi, ana buƙatar tsari. Abin dogara ne sosai don gina tsari mai bushe-bushe (wanda ya dace da tsire-tsire matasa): sa daji a ƙasa, yin firam, murfi tare da lutrasil ko wasu kayan da ba a saka ba, bugu da coverari yana rufe tare da lapnik. Ya kamata a ɗaure bushes na tsofaffi tare da igiya ko igiya, a nade a saman tare da kayan numfashi (burlap, lutrasil, da dai sauransu).

Jinsin-Hardy hunturu, wanda ya dace da yankin Moscow da yankin na tsakiya, tare da raguwa zuwa -18 ° C, suna daɗewa, aikin Lemoine, Amur mataki, Aikin Pink. Koyaya, tsari don hunturu har yanzu wajibi ne. M deytsia (m, terry) shima bazara ce a yankin Moscow, amma yana da tsananin zafin rana kuma sanyi yakan lalata shi. Ana buƙatar ingantaccen tsari. An yanke rassan daskararre a bazara.

Tsarin iri

Tsarin hoto na aiki

Yadda ake shuka a cikin ƙasa

Kuna iya shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa kafin lokacin hunturu (amfanin gona yana buƙatar rufe shi don hunturu tare da kayan da ba a saka ba, wanda aka cire tare da farkon zafin bazara).
Ana shirya gado kafin lokacin da ya zauna.
Sun cika m furzar a nesa na 25-30 cm, shuka iri zuwa zurfin 1-2 cm, lura da nisa daga 8-10 cm.
A cikin bazara, seedlings sako daga weeds, shayarwa a kai a kai a bushe.
Don hunturu suna rufe tare da Layer na ganye ganye.
An dasa lingsa toan itace zuwa wuri na dindindin a cikin shekaru 2-3 bayan sun kai girman 25-30 cm.

Yadda ake shuka shuka

Don shuka tsaba na aiki akan seedlings, yi amfani da kwalaye tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki mai narkewa.
Yada tsaba a saman kasa, fesa daga kwalban fesa, rufe da fim ko gilashi.
A kwance a kai a kai, a watsa ruwa tare da ruwa daga kyawun feshin.
Fara tsammanin harbewa game da makonni 3, to, cire mafaka.
Ci gaba da samar da tsirrai tare da daskararren ƙasa mai kyau da haske, yaduwar walƙiya.
Shuka tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi a cikin ƙasa a cikin bazara na kakar mai zuwa, kuma tabbatar da mafaka don hunturu a bazara.
Cikakken ci gaba na daji zai dauki kimanin shekaru 3.

Farfagandar mataki da cut

Yankan mataki a cikin bude ƙasa hoto na kafe cuttings

Mafi sau da yawa, deuterium ana yadu dashi ta hanyar itace.

Yadda ake yaduwa tare da kore kore

A farkon Yuli, yanke yankan kore 20-25 cm tsawo.
Cire ƙananan ganye, riƙe stalk na kwana ɗaya a cikin mafita mai haɓaka mai haɓaka.
Rooting a cikin akwati tare da yashi da peat ƙasa, zaku iya ƙara humus.
Sanya sandunan a wani kusurwa na 45 °, zurfi a cikin ƙasa ta 5 cm cm 5. Tare da gilashi ko fim ɗin manne kuma ɗauka zuwa titi. A cikin hunturu, kawo shi cikin dakin, girma yara matasa har sai bazara.

Yadda za a propagate ta lignified cuttings

Tattara madaukai masu lignified 20-25 cm tsayi a cikin ƙananan faffadan, ɗaure, yayyafa ƙananan sashin tare da yashi, adana a cikin ɗaki mai sanyi har sai lokacin bazara. A Afrilu, dasa a bude ƙasa kuma gina fim tsari. Lokacin da buds fara Bloom, dole ne a cire tsari.

Yaduwa ta hanyar farawa da rarraba daji

Maimaitawa

Don yaduwa ta hanyar yin farawa, ya kamata ka tanƙwara reshe a cikin ƙasa, yi m incision kuma yayyafa tare da ƙasa. Kafe cuttings rabu da mahaifiyar shuka gaba bazara.

Rarraba daji

Anyi amfani da rarrabuwa sosai a daji yayin dasawa. Dole ne a haƙa daji, a hankali a tsabtace tushen ƙasa, a rarrabe zuwa sassa. Kowane tsage dole ne ya yi fure mai girma. Shuka kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa buɗe.

Abu ne mafi sauki don yada ta hanyar harba, tunda bushes ya zama cikakkiyar tafiyar matakai, to uwa ba ta bukatar a ta da hankali. Yaron matasa ya kamata a haƙa shi kuma ya dasa daban.

Shahararrun nau'ikan da iri

Amur ko kuma mai cikakken launi Deutzia amurensis

Deutia Amur ko ƙaramar launi Deutzia amurensis

Asalinsu daga Gabas ta Tsakiya, China, Koriya ta Arewa. Itataccen ciyayi mai tsayi ya kai kimanin m 2. Fuskokin Leaf na ƙwanƙolin siffa mai tsawon 6 cm, tsayi a kowane ɓangaren, koren launi mai haske ko launin kore mai launin shuɗi ya zama launin shuɗi-kaka ta kaka. Scutellaria inflorescences ya ƙunshi fararen fararen furanni tare da diamita na cm 7. Flow yana farawa a watan Yuni kuma yana kusan wata guda.

Deutz m Deutzia gracilis

Deutzia Graceful Deutzia gracilis hoto

Ana zuwa daga Japan. Tsawon daji mai zagaye shine 0-1-1.5 m. Launin faranti ganye ne mai launin kore, ɓangaren ƙasa yana rufe da gashi. Manyan goge masu kyau tare da tsawon kusan 9 cm an haɗa su da fure furanni da yawa. Fulawa ya ɗan ɗan yi wata ɗaya.

Deutzia m ko tauraron Deutzia scabra

Asali daga China, Japan. Yankin daji ya kai tsayin mita 2.5. An rufe harbe da launin shuɗi ko m. A ganye ne elongated, pubescent, fentin maras ban sha'awa launi. Tushen inflorescences game da 12 cm tsawo kunshi farin ko furanni ruwan hoda.

Siffofin ado:

Deytsiya m Kama Deutzia Scabra Plena hoto

terry - terry whisk cikin farin da ruwan hoda a waje.
tsarkakakken fari - yana da furanni fari-dusar kankara.

Deytsiya mawuyacin hali Pride na Rochester Deutzia scabra 'Pride of Rochester' hoto

Vaterara - nimbus a ciki yana da fari, ana fentin sashin waje a cikin inuwar burgundy.
ruwan hoda-terry - launin fari launin fentin ruwan hoda.

Deytsia m Whitish Candidissima Deutzia scabra Candidissima hoto

fararen-mai cike da duhu - kore ganye an rufe shi da farin furucin.

Deytsia mai ban mamaki ko Deutzia magnifica

Deytsia mai ban mamaki ko hoto mai ban mamaki Deutzia

Itaccan yakai tsawon mil biyu da rabi 2. Tsarin farantin ganye mai tsawon rai ne. Furen yana da yawa, harbe-harbe suna yin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin nauyin babban laima panicles 10 cm. Fure fure, fari.

Ganyen Deytsiya Deutzia longifolia

Rubutun Deytsia Deutzia longifolia hoto

Tsawon daji shine 1-2 m. Shootsarshe da ƙasan cikin ruwan ganye sune ke fitowa. Takaddun faranti sun kai tsawon 12 cm, farfajiyar duhu kore, baya yana da launin toka.

Deutzia Lemoine Deutzia lemoinei

Deutzia Lemoine Deutzia x lemoinei hoto

Shrub kai mai tsayi na 2 2. Flowering da wuri, yalwatacce. Furanni masu farar dusar ƙanƙara, diamita na corolla shine 2 cm.

Nau'in kayan ado:

Bul-de-Nege - tsawo daga cikin daji shine m 1.5. Furannin suna da fararen fata, suna da nisan kusan 2,5 cm.
Mont Rose - furanni suna da yawa, ana zane a cikin inuwa mai ruwan hoda mai haske.
Pompon mai ruwan hoda - m inflorescences hemispherical inflorescences ƙunshi furanni biyu na launi mai haske ruwan hoda.

Sauran nau'ikan suna kuma shahara: aikin Vilmoren da Wilson, manyan-fure, shunayya.