Gyada mai kyau, wadda aka ƙaddamar a tsakiyar karni na ƙarshe, ya zama ɗayan nau'ikan Soviet na farko na wannan al'adar. An tattara girbin ɗaruruwan kilo kilogram daga al'adun tsirrai na al'ada da ke aukuwa a kudanci. Amma nau'ikan da ke akwai wa masu lambu suna thermophilic, tsayi da girma na dogon lokaci kafin su kai ga pores na fruiting. Don faɗaɗa yankin gyada na girma, sauƙaƙe fasahar aikin gona da hanzarta girbi, an buƙaci sabon iri.
Masana kimiyya daga Uzbek SSR sun sami nasarar yin nasarar aikin a shekarar 1947. A cikin Ferghana, masu shayarwa sun sami nasarar samun cikakkiyar tsire-tsire masu ƙwazo tare da haɓaka mai girma da kyawawan ingancin kwayoyi. S.S. ne ya kirkiro Kalmykov irin goro iri-iri Manufa ne ga yawancin lambu da gaske yana kusa da kammala.
Bayanin Walnut Bambancin Bayani
Daga mafi yawancin nau'ikan kudanci, ana bambance Abinda ta hanyar farkon balaga, tsayayye da ƙara ƙarfin juriya.
A matsakaici, bishiyoyin manya sun kai mita 4-5 kawai a tsayi, wanda shine sau 1.5-2 ƙasa da sauran nau'ikan. Ovan fari na farko a kan ƙananan tsiro har yanzu sun bayyana tun shekaru 2-3 bayan dasa shuki, kuma ƙwaƙƙuwar ƙwayar ɗan goro ta sami wadataccen aiki zuwa shekaru 5-7.
Kamar yadda ya cancanci irin goro, haushi a kan daidaitaccen ɓangaren bishiyoyi yana da ma'anar launin toka-launin ruwan kasa. An rufe rassan gwanayen gashi da harbe-tsire masu fruita withan itace tare da haushi mai launin ruwan kasa, kuma ana fentin haɓakar matasa tare da sautunan kore tare da alamar haske mai haske. Ganyen kyawawan al'adun lambu suna da yawa, mai yawa, ana rarraba su zuwa da yawa marasa gyara, sassan sassan nunawa.
Farkon fure na irin goro seedlings Ideal yana faruwa a shekara ta biyu ko ta uku. A lokaci guda, bayan greenish-fari, kananan furanni waɗanda aka tattara a cikin goga suna goge da iska, iska ta farko akan rassan.
Siffar al'adun itace furanni dioecious da kasancewar igiyar fure ta biyu, wanda a cikin nasarar da aka samu na taimaka wajan samun amfanin gona guda biyu masu kyau a lokaci daya.
Faratowar fure-fure, gwargwadon bayanin kwatankwacin irin goro mai inganci, yana farawa daga kwanaki 7-15 bayan na farko, guguwa mafi girma kuma ba ta ƙarewa har faɗuwar. Idan a cikin bazara m fure buds ana buga by sanyi, da lambu na iya damu ba game da amfanin gona. Ba haka ya kasance mai yawan gaske ba, amma tabbas zai kasance.
Ripwararrun 'ya'yan itattuwa, m' ya'yan itace da aka rufe da wata harsashi mai laushi mai girma yana farawa a watan Satumba kuma zai kasance har ƙarshen Oktoba. Matsakaicin nauyin ɗan goro mai dacewa shine gram 8-1. A harsashi na haske m inuwa ne quite na bakin ciki. Bayan bushewa, yana sauƙaƙewa, yana kwantar da kwaya tare da kyakkyawan dandano, mai girma a cikin furotin da mai. Don kakar daga babban itace, zaku iya samun kilogiram 100-120 na kwayoyi da aka zaɓa.
Fa'idodi iri iri sun hada da:
- farkon shigowa cikin lokacin 'ya'yan itace;
- mai kyau yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- masu girma dabam;
- sanyi mai jurewa, kyale irin goro zai iya jure yanayin hunturu har zuwa 30-35 ° C ba tare da asara mai girma ba.
Don dasa shuki mai dacewa, ba a buƙatar gaurayawar ƙasa ta musamman. Tsire-tsire suna mamaye shi sosai kuma suna girma a cikin ƙasa tare da babban abun ciki na gishiri da acid.
Iyakar abin da dole ne a yi la’akari da shi yayin canja wurin seedling zuwa ƙasa shine kusancin ruwan ƙasa. Su ne wanda ba a ke so ga bishiyar goro tare da ainihin tushen tsarin sa.
Siffofin dasa da girma walnuts iri Ideal
Ingancin irin goro ya bazu ta zuriyarsa kuma an dasa shi tsawon shekaru 1-2 na rayuwa. Hanya na biyu shine wanda ake fin so, tunda yan seedlings, kodayake sun fi unpreentious da Hardy, ba koyaushe suna riƙe da alamuran iyayen su ba, musamman idan akwai yiwuwar guguwar pollination tare da tsirrai daban daban.
Idan irin ƙwaro irin goro yayi girma a shafin, ya kamata a graped tare da yankuna iri-iri. Alurar rigakafin koda ba ta da tabbas saboda haɗarin daskarewa.
Don shuka, an zaɓi ƙoshin lafiya, waɗanda aka rigaya an daidaita su don kwanaki 30-45, sannan, a cikin bazara ko farkon kaka, an canza shi zuwa ƙasa da aka shirya. Ana kuma shuka bishiyoyi matasa a cikin bazara ko kaka, wata daya kafin isowar yanayin sanyi mai yiwuwa. A cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, Gwargwadon ƙwayar walƙiyar yana da matukar muni don girma, amma bayan hunturu yana da saurin girma sosai, yana kai mita 1-1.3 a tsayi ta kaka.
Don dasa, zaɓi yankin rana inda rawanin wasu albarkatu ba zai tsoma baki tare da itacen ba. Daga shekara ta farko, itaciyar itace mai yanɗuwa tana buƙatar ƙirƙirar, wanda aka za'ayi tare da tsammanin cewa:
- ya isa rana domin kowane reshe na kambi;
- duka kambi ya bushe;
- Fitar da harbe ya girma ciki bai tsoma baki tare da aikin goge fure ba.
Tare da kulawa da ta dace, Gyada mai tsami ya fi dacewa tare da samar da babban amfani da kyawawan ra'ayoyi daga shekaru 40 zuwa 50. Wannan dan kadan kadan ne da na 'yan uwan kudanci, amma irin wannan kudin ne na daidaituwa da yuwuwar girma ko da a cikin Black Earth Region, yankin Volga da tsakiyar Rasha.
