Yawancin lokaci lambu, sa takin ƙasa ga ƙasa, so, da farko, don samun karuwa a yawan amfanin ƙasa na musamman. Tabbas, ban da wannan, sun kuma sami karuwar rigakafin tsire-tsire har ma da inganta tsarin ƙasa, wato, babu tabbas ƙarin ƙarin fa'ida. Amma irin wannan sakamako mai rikitarwa zai iya kasancewa idan an haɗa takin mai magani daidai, an ƙididdige sigoginsu daidai, an zaɓi lokaci da hanyoyin amfani da takin ƙasa daidai. A cikin wannan kayan zamu yi magana game da mafi kyawun takin ma'adinai da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin dabarun gida, fasalin su da hanyoyin aikace-aikacen.
Amfani da takin zamani.
Yawan taki shine mabudin nasara
Kada kuyi tunanin cewa an ƙara ƙarin takin mai ma'adinai zuwa ƙasa na lambun ku, tsirrai zasu fi kyau, alal misali, yawan ƙwayoyi na sodium nitrate ko irin wannan mara lahani, da alama lemun tsami, na iya haifar da karuwa a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙasa a cikin ƙasa kuma yana haifar da ƙarancin magnesium. . Tare da rashin sinadarin magnesium da wuce haddi a cikin ƙasa, kayan lambu na iya fara rasa taro mai ganye, 'ya'yan itatuwa na iya canza launin launi, disko, wuraren duhu suna yawanci a tsakiya a cikin fruitan itacen, ,an kututturar sa, kuma naman ya mutu.
Tabbas, rashin abinci mai gina jiki a cikin ƙasa shima yana cutar da tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire suna matsananciyar yunwa, rigakafin rashin ƙarfi ya ɓace, sun rasa haƙurin fari, tsananin zafin hunturu, galibi suna fama da rashin lafiya kuma karin kwari ya fi shafa.
Yawancin lokaci akan marufin kowane takin ma'adinai sunansa, ƙirar takin, da wane (wane) abu ne babba kuma waɗanne abubuwa ake amfani da su azaman ƙarin abubuwa, dole ne a nuna. Akwai littafin Jagora akan marufi gwargwadon abin da za a ƙididdige yawan aikace-aikacen.
Baya ga abun da ke ciki, duk wani ma'adinin ma'adinai ana rarrabe shi da karfin ikonsa na narke cikin ruwa ko tara danshi. Ku sani cewa mafi girman ma'anar hygroscopicity, wato, yayin da takin yake aiki da takin mai taushi a lokacin ajiyar ajiya, kayan granules (yawanci takin zamani ma'adinan granules ne) zasu yi sauri, amma wannan baya nuna cewa zasu rasa kayan su.
Zai yiwu a sarrafa kawai tare da kwayoyin halitta?
Sau da yawa, daga masu noman kayan lambu zaka iya jin cewa don cikakkiyar rayuwa da fruiting na kayan lambu, ya isa a yi amfani da "kwayoyin" kawai, amma takin ma'adinai yana halatta ko dai kada a yi amfani da su, ko a cikin ƙarancin sashi.
Daga takin gargajiya a cikin lambun, ciyawar saniya (slush, talker, rotted taki), daskararren kaza (wanda aka narkar da shi 15, kuma zai fi dacewa sau 20), haka kuma wanda ake kira da magana wanda aka samo daga fermentation na takin gargajiya (ciyawa, nettles, da sauransu) galibi ana amfani dasu. ) Ko yaya, wadannan kwayoyin ne kawai zasu ishe amfanin gona? Wani irin taki? Ba tare da wata shakka ba, takin gargajiya na hadewar tsari, dauke da, ban da manyan abubuwa guda uku, kusan dukkan abubuwanda ke cikin teburin lokaci-lokaci, duk da haka, sakin wadannan abubuwan a jikin kayan halitta yawanci kadan ne. Wannan shine, kawai batun zabi mafi kyawun sashi na kwayoyin halitta, wanda shine mafi yawa ko lessasa ba koyaushe zai yiwu ba.
Karanta kayanmu: takin gargajiya: iri, aikace-aikace, kurakurai.
Menene takin ma'adinai ya ƙunsa?
Amma game da takin mai ma'adinai, yana da sauƙin sauƙaƙe kashi na aikace-aikacen, a ƙari, waɗannan takin mai magani suna da tsayayyen ƙaddarar abubuwa a cikin ainihin daidaituwa, galibi abun da ke ciki shine farkon kuma yana kunshe da guda ɗaya ko adadin abubuwa na asali da kuma wasu abubuwan rashin lahani.
An bambanta su cikin takin ma'adinai na nau'in mai sauƙi da hadaddun. Tataccen nau'in nau'in farko bai ƙunshi abu ɗaya ba, akwai kuma ƙarin (a cikin ƙarancin adadi) waɗanda ke aiki azaman masu taimako. Tarin-iri na nau'ikan na biyu yawanci suna da biyu ko fiye daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke cikin manyan ɗimbin yawa da ƙarin ƙarin.
Ma'adinan ma'adinai sun dogara da abubuwanda aka saba dasu: nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium, ban da haka, waɗannan abubuwan ana haɗasu wasu lokuta, sannan ana kiran takin mai ƙasa. A zahiri, yawan manyan abubuwan zasu iya bambanta sosai.
Takin zamaniAbincin Nitrogen
Ma'adinan ma'adinai, babban abu wanda shine nitrogen, na iya kasancewa a cikin nau'in nitrate, alal misali, sinadarin calcium, ammonia shine ammonium sulfate, a cikin ammonium nitrate form ammonium nitrate, kuma a cikin amide kamar urea da aka sani ga kowa.
Bambanci tsakanin siffofin, ban da kasancewar babban kashi - ana gano sauran nau'ikan daban daban ta hanyar ƙasa. Soilasa ta yarda da sifofin ammonium da ammoniya kamar yadda ake iya aiki, takin ƙasa na nau'ikan nitrate ɗin kuma ana iya tunawa, amma ana iya wankewa daga cikin ƙasa sosai da sauri, wanda baya ƙoshin lafiya ga tsirrai.
Don zaɓar ainihin takin zamani, kuna buƙatar sanin nau'in ƙasa a cikin lambun ku. Misali, sod-podzolic kasa, wanda yawanci acidic ne, "sunfi" nau'ikan nitrate wadanda suke da tasirin alkaline, amma akan filaye wanda amsawar tasirin ta alkaline ce ko kuma tsaka tsaki, yana da kyau ayi amfani da amide ko ammonium, wanda zai dan dan sha kadan.
Karanta kayanmu masu cikakken bayani: takin Nitrogen.
Mafi yawan takin mai magani nitrogen:
Nitarin nitrate
Da fari dai, hakika, ammonium nitrate, wanda ya ƙunshi daga 26% (ƙananan maki) zuwa 34.4% (babban maki) na nitrogen a cikin ammoniya da nau'in nitrate. Yawancin lokaci ammonium nitrate yana da nau'i na foda; ana gabatar dashi a cikin bazara mafi yawan lokuta a karkashin digging ƙasa akan cikakken bayonet na shebur.
Wannan taki ma'adinan ya dace sosai don ƙasa mai yawa da ta sako, amma a karo na biyu ana iya warwatsa shi a farfajiya. Hakanan ana amfani da wannan takin a farkon farkon ciyayi na kayan lambu don yalwata ci gaban aikin su..
Ba kowa ne ya san cewa kafin sanya shi a kan gado ba, ya kamata a haɗe shi da gari mai dolomite ko lemun tsami, yawanci 1: 2, don 250 g na ammoniya silitra, ana buƙatar 0.5 kilogiram na lemun tsami ko gari. Beetroot da dankali suna ba da amsa ga wannan takin, amma kuma ana iya amfani dashi don sauran kayan lambu. Amma ga hadawa, abu ne mai kyau a gauraya da potassium sulfate, garin phosphoric, urea da nitrate na potassium.
Urea
Ana amfani da Urea, ko urea, a cikin lambu a kalla, yana da kusan 46% nitrogen, yana cikin nau'in ammoniya. Kuna iya amfani da wannan ma'adinin ma'adinai akan kowane nau'in ƙasa, kuma yana cikin nau'in narkar da cewa wannan takin yana da tasiri sosai, saboda lokacin da ake amfani da bushe (lu'ulu'u), toshe mahimman ƙwayoyin nitrogen ana fitar da su ba da gangan ba. Ka tuna cewa urea na iya acidify ƙasa mai gona.saboda haka, 50 g na urea buƙatar kashe 40 g na lemun tsami. Fiye da 15 g na urea kada a ƙara a kowace murabba'in mita na gadaje, in ba haka ba amfanin gona kayan lambu zai ciyar da mafi yawan abubuwan gina jiki akan samuwar yawan ciyayi zuwa lalata amfanin amfanin gona.
Haɗin aikace-aikacen da aka yarda da shi na urea da nitrate na nitrate, taki saniya da potassium sulfate.
Karanta cikakken labarinmu: Game da urea daki-daki. Siffofin aikace-aikace na al'adu daban-daban.
Takin takin Phosphate
Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don takin ma'adinai na phosphoric, alal misali, mai narkewa, ruwa, shine, da sauri tsirrai, misali, mai sauƙi ko superphosphate mai sauƙi; insoluble cikin ruwa, amma mai narkewa a cikin rauni acid kamar citric acid - alal misali, abincin ƙashi da mai narkewa kawai a cikin acid mai ƙarfi - alal misali gari na phosphorite.
Karanta kayanmu: Game da takin mai magani na phosphorus dalla dalla.
Takin zamani wanda akafi amfani dashi akan takin zamani
Superphosphate
Ana amfani da Superphosphate sau da yawa, yana da kusan 14 - 20% na sinadarin phosphorus oxide wanda tsire-tsire ke ɗauka, da kuma mayanin sulfur da gypsum. Amfanin superphosphate ya hada da gaskiyar cewa baya damfara kwata-kwata kuma ta watse cikin sauki.
Wannan taki ma'adinai ana ɗauka ɗayan mafi kyawun kayan lambu, gabatarwarsa ta amsa da kyau: tumatir, dankali, dankali, eggplant, albasa, karas, farin kabeji da wasu albarkatu na ganye masu ganye.
Yana yiwuwa a wadatar da ƙasa tare da wannan ma'adinan hatsi a cikin bazara da kaka lokacin da digging ƙasa, da kuma ƙara ƙasa, alal misali, lokacin dasa shuki. Don seedlings na amfanin gona na kayan lambu a kowace murabba'in mita, ba a buƙatar fiye da 28 g na superphosphate, kuma a lokacin girma don kowane daji ko kowace murabba'in mita (amfanin gona kore) shine kawai 3.5-4 g. Lura cewa tsawon lokaci, aikace-aikacen superphosphate na iya karkatar da ƙasa pH a gefe shine mafi acidic.
Karanta cikakken kayanmu: Superphosphate - fa'idodi da amfani.
Superphosphate ninki biyu
Superphosphate ninki biyu ne, shima ya zama ruwan dare gama gari, yana iya daukewa daga 45 zuwa 48% na sinadarin phosphorus oxide wanda tsirrai da halayen gypsum. Daga cikin fa'idodin taki, ya kamata a lura da shi: yana narkewa sosai cikin ruwa kuma an adana shi na dogon lokaci gaba ɗaya ba tare da yin burodi ba.
Yana da Dole a yi amfani da superphosphate, tabbatar da yin la'akari da karuwar sashi na phosphoric acid a cikin abun da ke ciki, sabili da haka, 20 g da murabba'in mita isa ya isa ga seedlings, kuma ana buƙatar 2 g na daji kawai na kayan lambu na kayan lambu ko mudu ɗaya na murabba'in lambu.
Tashar taki
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa yawancin takin ma'adinai na potash suna dauke da sinadarin chlorine, sabili da haka, ƙaddamar da irin waɗannan takin mai magani don kayan lambu ba su yarda da su ba.
Mahimmanci! Koyaya, kada ku manta da duk takin gargajiya, saboda tsoron cutar da kayan lambu, ku sani cewa rabon zaki yana da matukar buƙatar irin wannan takin mai magani, musamman kayan lambu kamar gwoza, karas da dankali na buƙatar mai yawa na potassium don cikakken ci gaba.
Karanta kayanmu: Game da takin potash daki-daki.
Abincin da aka saba amfani dashi da takin mai magani
Sulfate na potassium
Sau da yawa ana amfani da sulfate potassium sulfate, a ciki kusan 50% na kayan aiki; ko da a tsawon lokacin ajiyar ajiya, ba ya damfara kwata-kwata, babu cutarwa na chlorine a cikin abun da ke ciki, takin yana daidai mai narkewa, ana kula da lambu kusan mafi kyau. Don amfani da wannan ma'adinin ma'adinai an ba da izini a farkon da ƙarshen lokacin, har ma a tsakiyar sa. Haɗin aikace-aikacen da aka yarda da takin mai magani da yawa tare da banda nitrogen.
Ash
Abu na biyu da aka saba amfani dashi wanda yake dauke da potassium shine ash. Gabaɗaya, ash shine ainihin takin ƙasa da yawa, yana ƙunshe da potassium da phosphorus da alli, akwai magnesium, baƙin ƙarfe da sauran abubuwan, babu nitrogen kawai.
Rashin daidaituwa na ash itace shine cewa za'a iya samun potassium mai yawa acikin abun sa, kuma kadan ne, alal misali, ash daga konewar Linden ko Birch ya ƙunshi kashi 10-12% na potassium, amma ash ɗin yana da wadataccen sinadari a cikin 20-40%, kuma potassium akwai kadan sosai, bugu da kari, irin wannan ash na iya sanya acid gonar gonar akan lokaci.
Amma ga ash a gabaɗaya, gabatarwarsa ta yarda da matsayin babban ma'adinin ma'adinai da ƙari. Musamman sananne zai zama sakamakon amfani da itacen ash akan matsakaici a cikin abun da ke ciki da nauyi mai nauyi, kowane lokaci na aikace-aikacen kaka ne ko kaka, kuma ana iya amfani da ash yayin dasa.
Tumatir, cucumbers, farin kabeji, dankali, beets tebur, albasa da karas suna ba da amsa sosai ga aikace-aikacen itace ash.
Karanta kayanmu: Ash ash - taki na asali.
Tsarin ma'adinaiDa takin mai magani da yawa
Zamu taba haduwa da tarin takaddun ma'adinai da ake amfani da su ta hanyar lambu, watau, a cikin abun da ya kunshi manyan abubuwan dayawa a lokaci daya.
Karanta cikakken bayaninmu: Cikakken takin ma'adinai.
Mafi yawancin takaddun ma'adinai masu rikitarwa
Nitroammofoska
Fiye da jerin nitroammophosk, a ciki har zuwa 16 - 17% na nitrogen, kusan 24% na phosphorus, dan kadan ƙasa da potassium 16 - 28%. Nitroammophoska yana narkewa cikin ruwa, ana iya amfani dashi akan ƙasa daban-daban, kodayake idan ƙasa tana da haske, ya fi kyau - a farkon kakar wasa da kuma ƙari, har ma a cikin babban kakar.
Yayi kyau sosai akan wannan taki ma'adinan tumatir, dankali, beets tebur, cucumbers, zuwa mafi ƙarancin albarkatu - sauran kayan lambu. Yawanci, 16-18 g na wannan takin suna cinyewa a kowace murabba'in murabba'in mita.
Ammofoska
Ammophoska yana cikin matsayi na biyu tare da kimanin kashi 12% na nitrogen, phosphorus 15%, 15% potassium, kimanin sulfur 14%, har ila yau yana gano alli da magnesium. Ammophoska yana wadatar da ƙasa a farkon kakar, a tsayinsa da ƙarshensa. Ammofoska ya dace da nau'ikan ƙasa da yawa, ya dace musamman akan ƙasan saline.
Da kyau sosai amsa ga ammophosque tumatir, cucumbers, albasa, karas, dan kadan rauni - sauran kayan lambu.
Ammar
Diammofoska, daga wannan tirinity na takin mai ma'adinai da yawa ana amfani dashi ba sau da yawa, yana haɗawa, ya dogara da alamomin da masana'anta suka ƙayyade (9-25-25 ko 10-26-26), 9 ko 10% nitrogen a cikin ammonium, 25 ko 26% phosphorus oxide. da 25 ko 26% potassium. Hakanan wannan taki bashi dauke da chlorine, saboda haka zaka iya ciyar dasu kayan lambu a lokacin kakar.
Wadancan lambun ke amfani da wannan takin zamani yawanci wadanda suka cika kasar gona da yardar rai tare da kwayoyin halitta, da sauransu wannan takin tare da mafi karancin abun ciki na nitrogen ya cika bangaren kwayoyin halitta na kasar gona, ya mai da shi kusan kwarai. Abinda yake buƙatar fahimta a fili: lokacin amfani dashi a cikin dachas, inda ba a cika yin amfani da ruwa ba, ko kuma a ƙasa bushe, wannan takin dole ne a gyara shi a cikin ƙasa, amma akan ƙasa tare da danshi mai yawa, akasin haka, watsa shi a farfajiya.
Munyi bayanin takin zamani wanda aka saba amfani dashi. Idan kuna da tambayoyi ko tsokaci, muna jiran ra'ayoyin ku.
