Tsire-tsire daga dangin legume na iya inganta yanayin lalacewar ƙasa. Beas siderates ba kasar gona da ake bukata adadin nitrogen, na gina jiki da shi ta mayar da haihuwa. Zaɓin ciyawar kore ya dogara da ƙasa mai samu. Ga kowane nau'in ƙasa akwai kyawawan wake siderat. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a zaɓi zaɓin ɗan wake.
Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa daga dangin legume
Wake
Dankin yana da ingantaccen tsarin tushe da madaidaiciyar tarko. Ana iya dasa shi akan ƙasa mai yawa - marshy, clayey da podzolic. Wannan tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara yana iya rage acidity na ƙasa kuma ya cika shi da isasshen adadin tare da nitrogen. Ganyen ciyar da ita ya hana yaduwar itama.
A kan murabba'in mita ɗari na ƙasa za su buƙaci kimanin kilogiram 2.5 na wannan shuka. Sakamakon haka, kimanin kimanin gram 60 na nitrogen, kimanin 25 gram na phosphorus da kusan gram 60 na potassium za a samar da su a cikin tsarin wannan ƙasa.
Ganyayyaki masu ba da ciyawa sune amfanin gona masu iya tsayawa sanyi. Suna iya yin girma a yanayin zafi har zuwa digiri 8 ƙasa da ba komai. Wannan yana nufin cewa ana iya shuka tsire-tsire lafiya bayan an girbe babban amfanin gona a wurin, kuma za su sami lokaci don yin girma zuwa tsananin sanyi da lokacin sanyi.
Kwana
Vika shine tsiro mai hawa wanda ke buƙatar tallafi a cikin wani nau'in amfanin gona mai dorewa. Sau da yawa wannan ciyawar kore an shuka shi da hatsi, wanda ya zama irin wannan tallafi. Dankin yana da ƙananan furanni na murfin kwalliya. Abvantbuwan amfãni na wiki akan wasu tsire-tsire na siderat a cikin saurin girma na kore kore. Saboda haka, vetch za a iya shuka a farkon bazara, kafin dasa shuki kayan lambu.
Wannan tsirrai ta hana yaduwar ciyawa da lalata ƙasa. Yana girma ne kawai a cikin ƙasa tsaka tsaki. Don tsawon murabba'in mita 10, za a buƙaci kilogram 1.5 na tsaba. A sakamakon haka, ƙasa za ta sami wadatuwa tare da nitrogen (fiye da 150 g), phosphorus (fiye da 70 g) da potassium (200 g).
Yakin wannan tsiron kore ciyawar ana aiwatar da shi ne a lokacin samuwar buds ko kuma a farkon farkon fure. Don girma tumatir da kabeji, vetch shine mafi kyawun magabata.
Peas
Peas kuma yana cikin siderata, yana samun saurin taro kore. Wannan takin zamani yana tsiro cikin wata ɗaya da rabi, amma yana matukar tsoron daren sanyi. Decreasearamin zazzabi a cikin iska ba shi da haɗari a gare shi.
Peas an fi yin shuka a watan Agusta, lokacin da aka girbe mafi yawan amfanin gona. Mowing da shuka bada shawarar a lokacin samuwar buds. Fis yana jin daɗin m a kan kasa mai tsaka tsaki. Wannan ciyawar kore mai launin wake ta sabunta abun da ke ciki kuma yana inganta musayar iska. A ƙasa zama sako-sako da kuma sauƙi sha danshi.
Don murabba'in mita 10 na ƙasa, za a buƙaci kilogiram na 2-3 na 2, wanda a nan gaba zai inganta tsarin ƙasa ta 115 g na nitrogen, 70 g na phosphorus da fiye da 210 g na potassium.
Donnik
A cikin gidan legumes akwai Clover shekara-shekara da biennial. A matsayin gefe, ana amfani da Clover mai shekaru biyu sau biyu. Dankin yana da tsayi (fiye da 1 mita) wanda aka zana tare da ƙananan furanni masu launin shuɗi waɗanda ƙudan zuma yake son cinyewa a kai.
Shuka baya tsoron sanyi da fari. Tushen tushen sa yana ratsa zurfin ƙasa kuma daga can yana fitar da abubuwa masu amfani da yawa. Melilot na iya girma a cikin ƙasa na abubuwa daban-daban. Ya sami damar inganta haihuwarsu, inganta halayyar. Wannan tsire-tsire na herbaceous shine kyakkyawan kayan aiki don kula da kwaro.
Wannan tsiron siderat an shuka shi a ƙarshen bazara, ya girma, amma ba a shuka a cikin bazara, amma ya rage har zuwa bazara. Overwintered melilot tare da isowa daga bazara zafi ke tsiro da sauri sosai. Wajibi ne a yanka shi kafin a fara fure. Abubuwan da aka shuka na ƙanana ne. Ana buƙatar kimanin 200 g a kowane yanki na murabba'in murabba'in ɗari. A kan wani yanki mai irin wannan yanki, Clover ya ƙunshi daga 150 zuwa 250 g na nitrogen, kusan 100 g na phosphorus kuma daga 100 zuwa 300 g na potassium.
Lupine shekara-shekara
Lupine shine tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire wanda aka yi la'akari da mafi kyawun ciyawar kore. Itacen yana da ganyen dabino, kafaffen mai tushe da kananan furanni na Lilac ko hoda mai launin shuɗi, wanda aka tattara cikin inflorescences. Babban fasalin da yake nunawa shine zurfin gaske da tsayi da yawa (har zuwa mita 2).
Lupine na iya girma akan kowace ƙasa. Yana da ikon haɓakawa, sabuntawa da kuma mayar da tsarin mafi ƙarancin ƙasa da ƙasa. Tushen tushen sa ya sa ƙasa ta kasance mai kwance kuma mai sauƙin buɗewa don shigar danshi da danshi.
Dole ne a shuka irin shuka a farkon lokacin bazara ko bazara. A farkon matakin, lupine yana buƙatar yalwace da shayarwa na yau da kullun. Siderat yana mowed bayan kusan watanni 2, amma koyaushe kafin buduwa. Wannan babban magabaci ne ga strawberries da strawberries.
Don murabba'in murabba'in mita 10, za a buƙaci kilogiram na kilogiram na 2-3, dangane da iri-iri. Abun da wannan nau'in wake ya ƙunshi nitrogen (200 zuwa 250 grams), phosphorus (55-65 g) da potassium (180-220 g).
Talla
Wannan inji shine perennial, yana son danshi da zafi. Alfalfa iya yin iko da acidity na ƙasa da samar da shi tare da dukkan abubuwan da suka zama dole na abubuwan gina jiki. Bukatar sosai a kan zaɓin ƙasa. Ba zai yi girma akan fadama ba, dutsen da ƙasa mai nauyi tare da babban yumɓu.
A matakin farko na girma, inji yana bukatar yalwar ruwa kuma ya zama na yau da kullun don hanzarta inganta taro. Tare da rashin danshi, alfalfa yana fara yin fure kafin lokacin, kuma adadin kayan kwalliya ya rage kadan. Yanke siderat zuwa samuwar buds.
Don tsawon murabba'in mita ɗari na ƙasa, 100-150 g na tsaba na alfalfa ya isa.
Seradella
Wannan ciyawar kore mai launin hygrophilous ta kasance ga tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara. Don yanayin aikinta ya dace da yanayin ruwan sama mai yawan gaske tare da yawan ruwan sama da kuma yanayin zafi da kuma yanki mai inuwa. Yana yarda da karamin sanyi. Zai iya girma akan kowace ƙasa banda acidic.
Saradella an shuka shi a farkon bazara kuma bayan kwanaki 40-45 yana haɓaka taro mai mahimmanci. An yanketa da hagu don sabon gurnani.
Plantungiyar ta ba da gudummawa ga sabuntawa da haɓaka abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa, da kuma kange ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa. Ya fi son yin girma a cikin yanayin gumi ko kuma yanayin zafi mai daɗewa.
A kan mãkirci na mutum ɗari sassa cinye daga 400 zuwa 500 g na shuka tsaba. Abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa yana inganta ta akalla 100 g na nitrogen, kimanin 50 g na phosphorus da fiye da 200 g na potassium.
Sainfoin
Bean siderat sainfoin shine shuka mai zamani wanda zai iya girma a wuri guda tsawon shekaru 7. Ba ya tsoron sanyi, iska mai sanyi da yanayin fari mai tsauri. A cikin shekarar farko, sainfoin yana gina tushen tushe, dukkanin rundunoninta zasu tafi kawai wannan. Amma a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, ciyawar kore tana kara yawan adadin takin kore.
Featurewararren fasalin shuka shine ikon yin girma a cikin wuraren dutse saboda tsarin tushen ƙarfi. Tsawon tushen sa ya kai mita 10 a zurfi. Daga irin wannan zurfin, Tushen ya isa amfani da wasu abubuwan tsire-tsire marasa amfani ga sauran tsirrai.
Don shuka mãkirci na ɓangarorin ɗari ɗari zasu buƙaci kimanin kilogiram 1 na tsaba.
