Hanyoyin da ba a sani ba na girma dankali, alal misali, a cikin jaka, manyan tudu ko a ƙarƙashin bambaro, kwanan nan ya zama sanannu ga gardenersan lambu na gida. Amma idan kuna tunani game da shi, mutane da yawa a cikin yankin nasu suna kallon yadda tarin fitsari wanda ya shiga cikin akwati tare da takin bai ba harbe-harbe kawai ba, har ma da 'ya'yan itace. A cikin yanayi mai cike da dumin abinci, wadataccen abinci, kuma tilas gumi, amfanin gona yana samarwa koda da iyaka mai yawa.
A zahiri, ka'idodin dasa dankali a cikin ganga da sauran kwantena masu kama, waɗanda bazai zama ƙarfe, filastik ko katako, ya dogara da wannan ka'idar. Babban yanayin shi ne cewa ganga ya fi 30 cm, ana wadatar da danshi da iskar oxygen zuwa ga tushen mai yawa, ƙasa kuma ta zama sako-sako da wadataccen abinci.
Ana shirin dasa dankali
Lokacin da aka samo akwati da ta dace, kada a ruga da saukowa. Kafin nutsar da dankali a cikin ƙasa, yana da mahimmanci don cire tushe daga ganga ko rawar soja babban adadin ramuka na ciki. Ba laifi ba ne idan, a cikin babban ƙarfin iko, irin wannan ɓacin rai ya bayyana a bangon gefen.
Wannan dabara zata taimaka wajen cire yawan danshi, da kuma iskar oxygen shiga Tushen tsirrai. Game da dankali, wannan abu ne mai mahimmanci, tunda tushen tsarin ba shi da girma, kuma nauyin da ke kansa mai girma ne.
Kayan fasahar yin girma dankali a cikin ganga yana nuna cewa adadin kayan dasa, sannan tsiran tubers a cikin tanki, ya cika girma. Don haka mai gona zai iya sarrafa isar da danshi da oxygen:
- a perforated tiyo ko filastik bututu da notches a nesa na zuwa 20 cm daga juna yana a tsaye saka a cikin wani babban ganga, muffled a kasan.
- bude ta bude, ta hanyar, bayan an gama dasa shuki, zai yuwu a sha ruwa, a ciyar da tsiron dankalin Turawa, ana fitar da shi.
Idan kun haɗa kwampreso ko famfo a rami, ƙasa a cikin ganga yana sauƙin cike da iskar oxygen. Tsarin daskararren tushen bushewa zai taimaka wajen sanyaya kasar gona a karkashin dankali.
Dasa dankali a cikin ganga da kula da tsiro
Dankali a cikin ganga ba zai iya yin ba tare da cakuda ƙasa mai gina jiki ba. Don wannan al'ada, kasar gona wacce ta ƙunshi daidai sassan takin da aka yi da takin ko kuma humus mai mulmula da ƙasan lambun talakawa ya dace.
Tunda an yi niyyar girma tsirrai cikin ƙyalli a haɗe, yana da mahimmanci cewa ba a samun kwari masu haɗari ga dankali a cikin ganga tare da ƙasa. Saboda haka, kasar gona zata magance kwari da larvae:
- pre-calcined ko steamed;
- kafin kaka, suna dauke da sinadarai.
A cikin kaka, lokacin da ƙasa don girma dankali a cikin ganga kawai ana shirya, cakuda ammonium nitrate ko urea, superphosphate biyu, potassium da ash an kara da shi. A cikin yashin ƙasa wanda ba shi da ƙarfi a cikin magnesium, ana ƙara sulfate da gari dolomite. Sannan an saita ganga a wurin da aka nufa kuma an zuba ƙasa a ƙasa tare da layin 10 zuwa 15 cm.Da ƙasa akan ƙasa, sa ƙwaya da aka tsiro da ƙwaya ko guda tare da ƙyallen idanu, kuma cika dankali da santimita goma na ƙasa cakuda a saman.
Lokacin da fure suka tashi sama da ƙasa da 2-3 cm, dole ne a sake yayyafa su tare da cakuda ƙasa. Idan baku ba da izinin shuka su samar da cikakkiyar ganye, dankalin turawa ya ɓoye duk ƙoƙarin sa na inganta tsarin sa tare da sabbin tsarurruka, wanda akan sami abin da zai haifar daga baya. Ana ƙara maimaita ƙasa har sai gangar ta cika a kowace mita. Ba shi da daraja yin ƙasan ƙasa a sama. Har zuwa karshen kakar wasa, tsire-tsire bazai sami isasshen makamashi don samar da tubers masu inganci ba, tunda duk abin da za ayi amfani da shi ana amfani da shi wajen kirkirar tushen sa.
Duk wannan lokacin, ana shayar da ƙasa sosai, ta guji bushewa, wanda a cikin ƙaramin tanda yana da haɗari kuma yana da haɗari don dasa dankali.
Tsarin dankalin Turawa lokacin da yake girma a cikin ganga
Dankali, musamman ma a cikin ganga, inda kayan abinci na ƙasa suke hanzari, suna cikin tsananin buƙatar ma'adinai da takin gargajiya.
A matsayin taki ga dankali lokacin amfanin gona:
- taki, bisa ga al'ada amfani da kayan iri;
- takaddun takaddun ma'adinai na wannan amfanin gona;
- cakuda sassa uku na gari mai laushi da taki;
- uku- ko-kwana-uku infusions na kore taki.
Lokacin da tsiron ya tashi zuwa 10-12 cm, ya kamata a ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da takin mai magani na potash da nitrogen. Lokacin girma dankali a cikin ganga na taki, ya fi sauƙi a yi amfani da shi a cikin ruwa na ruwa a farashin 1-2 a kowace daji.
Idan ana ciyar da dankali da urea, ana amfani da garin dolomite ko lemun tsami don rage ƙurar ƙasa mai hanawa. Mafi kyawun sakamako daga aikace-aikacen taki ya kamata a sa ido kawai tare da isasshen ruwa.
Ana ciyar da iri iri na farko sau ɗaya, kuma ƙarshen dankali cikakke yana buƙatar kayan miya biyu. Ba shi yiwuwa a wuce gona da iri lokacin takin nitrogen a lokacin da dasa shuki dankali a ganga, tunda wuce haddi na nitrogen na iya tara tarin albarkatun a cikin nitrates, wanda hakan ke shafar ingancin amfanin gona, juriya ga scab da karfin ajiya. Idan ana amfani da urea ko wani wakilin da ke dauke da sinadarin nitrogen a matsayin miya mai kyau, zai fi kyau a hada shi da takin potash don dankali idan aka dasa shi a ganga.
A ƙarshen fure, ana iya ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da takin mai magani wanda ke ɗauke da phosphorus. Wannan abu yana inganta fitar da abinci mai gina jiki daga filo zuwa tubers.
Amfanin girma dankali a cikin ganga
Yarda da dokokin dasa, shayarwa da kuma kayan miya da za su samar da mai gonar tare da girbi mai karimci na manyan ƙoshin lafiya.
- Su, saboda ingantaccen ɗumi da kwarara mai laima, za su kasance a shirye don tsabtace abubuwa da yawa fiye da amfani da fasahar gargajiya.
- Bugu da ƙari, dasa dankali a cikin ganga yana kawar da buƙatar weeding na yau da kullun da kuma shinge na seedlings.
- Bushes ba su da lalacewa ta hanyar kwari ƙasa, kuma kada ku ji tsoron yawancin cututtuka na al'adu.
Da zarar an shirya, ana iya amfani da ƙasa akai-akai. Lokacin da aka cire amfanin gona na dankalin turawa, ganga an shuka shi da ciyawar kore, kuma a lokacin kaka ana ƙara kayan kara ma'adinai.
