Sunan Botanical sunan sanannen gashin baki shine ƙanshin kira na ƙanshin. Yana cikin dangin Commeline (Commelinaceae). A cikin halittar kira da ake kiraisia, jinsin 12 suna girma a cikin wurare masu zafi na Tsakiyar da Kudancin Amurka da Mexico. Amma a cikin al'adun gargajiya, kawai jinsin mutum guda ne mafi kyawun sanannun - ƙira kiraisia (Callisia fragrans). Fashion don shi ya tashi a karni na sha tara, nan da nan bayan ganowar. Sannan, kusan gaba daya an manta da su, kuma yanzu sun fara farawa ba kamar son sani na kasashen waje ba, amma a matsayin wata shuka ce ta magani (af, ba kawai anan, har ma a Yammacin).
Illa anillalotus
A cikin yanayin, wannan ciyawa mai rarrafe tare da tsawon tsayi "m" mahaukata "2 tare da tsaunukan tuddai da share, suna ɗaukar tushe a cikin nodes. Ana kiranta gashin-baki na gwal saboda kasancewar dogayen harbe-harbe wadanda suka fara daga axils na ganye, kamar "gashin-baki" na strawberries kuma suma suna da tushe. Tsawon waɗannan "whiskers" har zuwa 1 mita, sun zama baƙi, launin ruwan kasa-shuɗi tare da dogon internodes da ƙananan rosettes na ganye a ƙarshen (an yi imani da cewa harbe kawai ba ƙasa da 9 internodes sun dace da magani). Manyan, har zuwa 30 cm, kusan ganye m yan ganye rufe tushe kara ne kawai bayan tushen. Lokacin da takarda ta fashe, zaren da aka fika na roba mai budewa tsakanin sassan sa. Kara daga wannan shuka, kodayake ya daɗe, ba zai iya tsayawa a tsaye ba, don haka a cikin ɗakin yana buƙatar tallafi. Furanni, waɗanda ba kasafai ake kafa su a ɗakuna ba, suna fitowa daga axils na ganye kuma ana tattara su cikin haɗin guda ɗaya, rataye goge akan ƙananan shinge. Kowane fure yana da fararen launuka uku, ruwan hoda ko shuɗi, duk da cewa inflorescences kansu ba su da ma'ana, suna jawo hankali tare da ƙanshin mai daɗi mai ƙarfi, mai kama da ƙanshin hyacinth.
Wannan tsirran ya canza suna. Bayanin farko an yi shi a cikin 1840 azaman Spironema fragrans, sannan aka sake masa suna Rectanthera fragrans. Sunan zamani - kiraisia (wanda aka fassara shi daga Girkanci. Καλός - kyau, Λις - Lily - "Lily kyakkyawa") ta karɓi kawai a 1942, daga Ba'amurke R. E. Woodson. A cikin 1978, an buga littafin "Indoor Shuke-shuke da Ornamental Flowering Shrubs" a cikin Kiev, a cikin su sun yi kuskure mara kyau, suna kiran kalizia dichoricandra. Dichorisandra thirsiflora shine dichorisander mai launin goga mai goge-goge, kodayake kusancin dan kirani ne, amma wani irin shuka ne daban, wanda shima da wuya yake akan windows. Mafi sau da yawa, sauran nau'ikan dichoricans sun haɗu, amma ba ɗayansu ba, kamar yadda aka sani, yana da tasiri na magani. A cikin duk jinsuna, dichoricans, ganye na elliptical (a cikin mafi yawan nau'in yanayi) an shirya su amma karkace kuma suna haifar da kyawawan rosette, ba ya haifar da gashin-baki ko zaren roba.
Dichoricanders sun fi yawa, suna buƙatar iska mai laushi, wasu nau'ikan da siffofin cikin ɗakuna suna rayuwa ne kawai a ƙarƙashin hood wanda ke ba da isasshen zafi.
© Henryr10
Babban gudummawa ga rarraba gashin gwal kamar yadda aka yi shi ta hanyar Vladimir Ogarkov, wanda ya yi amfani da shi a cikin aikinsa kusan shekaru talatin kafin a buga labarin farko wanda ya fito a jaridar Lafiya na rayuwa a 2000. Sannan biye da jerin labaran wasu marubuta. Tare da hannayensu masu haske a cikin maganin mutane, yanzu ana amfani da kaliza sosai sosai.
An gudanar da karatun kimiyya game da abun da ke faruwa da aikin gemu na gwal a cikin St. Petersburg da Novosibirsk, kuma kawai abin da aka tabbatar ya zuwa yanzu ba shi ne gubar shuka ba. Haƙiƙa ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa na kayan aiki. Kuma sama da duka, yana da tasirin warkar da rauni don kyallen, yanke, ƙananan ƙonewa. A saboda wannan, ana shafa tabo mai ɗumi tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai rufi ko kuma mashin da aka matse da shi.
Don duk lokuta mafi rikitarwa, ana dasa farkon shuka a cikin kulawa ta musamman, yana inganta ayyukan sa. Don yin wannan, ciyawar da 'gashin-baki' 'na' calis nan da nan bayan yankan an saka su cikin filastik kuma an sanya su makonni biyu a cikin ƙananan firiji a zazzabi na kimanin digiri 3-4 sama da sifilin.
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Dole ne in faɗi cewa kirani yana da nisa daga panacea, kuma wani sashi mai mahimmanci na aikinsa ya dogara da bangaskiyar mai haƙuri a warkarwa, amma a gefe guda, ƙarfafa ƙwaƙwalwa mai sauƙi na tsarin rigakafi da glandar endocrine, wanda ke ba da gashin-baki na gwal, da gaske suna da amfani a cikin wasu cututtuka, akasari kumburi a cikin yanayi.
Kuna iya amfani da tincture na harbe, ba wai kawai yana lalata raunuka ba, har ma da shafa raunuka tare da osteochondrosis, rheumatism, sciatica. Don shirya tinctures don amfani na waje, sprout na gashin-baki na gwal tare da tsawon 12 internodes (bangarori da yawa iri ɗaya tsawon zasu iya zama) a cikin lita 0.5 na vodka na kwanaki 10 a wuri mai duhu. Ana amfani da wannan tincture don damfara, shafa. Koyaya, jiyya tare da calyzia ba tare da fasali da kuma contraindications. Ba za ku iya fara jiyya tare da azzakari ba tare da tuntuɓar wani ƙwararren likita na ilimin likita ba, tunda ga kowace cuta hanyoyin da tsarin magani ya bambanta. Ofaya daga cikin rikitarwa lokacin wucewa da kashi ko shan shi tsawon lokaci shine lalacewar igiyoyin muryar, canji a cikin lokacin sautin, kuma wani lokacin asararsa, da murmurewa yana da wuya. Ba za ku iya hadiye ganye ba duka, har ma da ɗanɗano da kyau - adadi mai yawa na roba baya barin abubuwa na takardar su rabu da juna, suna buɗe grid. Irin wannan ganye, marassa kyau, na iya rufe mafita daga ciki kuma ya haifar da toshewarsa tare da mummunan sakamako.
© Andre Benedito
Gashin gashin baki ya sauƙaƙa girma a cikin ɗakin. An yada shi ta hanyar sanya filayen, kananan '' gashin-baki 'da kuma yankewar talakawa. Lokaci mafi dacewa don haifuwa shine Maris, Afrilu, amma idan ya cancanta, zaku iya yaduwa duk shekara.
Yadda za a tushen stalk? Daga cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar igiyar mahaifa, yanke saman harba tare da nodes 2 zuwa 4 (haɗin gwiwa), cire ƙananan ganye, kuma a rage ganye na sama da na uku. Sanya sassan sassan sassan na tsawon 2 - 3, sannan a dasa su cikin tukwane tare da cakuda ƙasa mai cakuda. Danshi yayyabar da murfin tare da jakar filastik don tushen.
Ana yanke romonte na ganye tare da karamin karamin daga tushe daga gefen kwance a kwance kuma a sanya shi cikin jirgin ruwa. Tsarin tushen tushe mai karfi ya haɗu a cikin kwanaki 10 zuwa 15. Sannan wani matashi mai kirar Italiya ana shuka shi a cikin tukunya mai da cakuda cakuda da aka shayar dashi sosai.
Matasa masu ƙanshi da ake kira daɗaɗɗun tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire ana dasa su a shekara, kuma manya sau ɗaya kowace shekara biyu zuwa uku. Yana da kyau zuwa dashi a cikin bazara ko kaka. An shirya musaben dasa shuki daga cakuda ƙasa mai takin, takardar da yashi, ana ɗauka daidai gwargwado. Dole ne acidity ya kasance cikin kewayon pH 5-5.5. Ana buƙatar kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa a ƙarshen tanki.
Lokacin da kalizia ke kiwo, kuna buƙatar la'akari da cewa tana son haske, amma baya jure hasken rana kai tsaye, musamman ma maraice masu zafi. A wannan yanayin, inji yana zama dislolo da curls, whiskers daina yin tsari. Kaliziya canjawa wuri zuwa inuwa, da sauri mayar da. Ya kamata lokacin sanyi ya kasance tsakanin 16-18game daC, in ba haka ba tsire-tsire suna shimfidawa da yawa, suna rage adadin abubuwa masu aiki. A lokacin rani, za a iya ɗaukar gashin-baki a waje zuwa wuri mai inuwa.
Cututtuka da kwari - thrips da ja gizo-gizo mite. A farkon alamun lalacewa, ya kamata a yayyafa tsire-tsire mai ƙanshi tare da ƙwayar cuta mai tsari kuma an rufe shi tsawon kwana 1 zuwa 2 tare da jakar filastik. Mafi kyawun matakan kariya sune feshin yau da kullun da kuma kiyaye yanayin da ake buƙata.
