A cikin zane mai faɗi, tare da kyawawan nau'in fure, kyawawan ganye da kayan ado kuma ana amfani dasu ko'ina. Yadda yakamata ya girgiza tsire-tsire, haɓaka ko taushi ga launinsu, nau'in kayan adon ganye da kayan ado suna kawo jituwa ga abubuwan da aka shirya lambun. Daga cikin waɗannan tsire-tsire, sanannen perennials sune masu masaukai. Gaukaka, fasaha, launuka na sihiri na ganye - duk wannan yana da alaƙa da rundunoninmu. Blue, bulu, kore, ganyen zinare na mai masaukin baki tare da iyakokin banbanci da ratsi suna zama lush, bushes mai dorewa, ya kawo launuka daban-daban zuwa palein lambun, suna canza sasanninta na inuwa. Yadda za a kula da mai watsa shiri, karanta labarin.
Hosta
Bayanin Botanical na shuka
Mai watsa shiri (aiki, Latin - Hosta) - tsirarrun tsire-tsire mai tsiro tare da gajerarren gajere ko gajeren rhizome da tsarin tushen mai yawa wanda ya kunshi asalin fibrous cordous Tushen. A cikin wasu nau'in, rhizomes suna fitowa, wanda ke girma a cikin ƙasa, yana kafawa a cikin gajerun gajeren lokaci manyan kananzir, kamar tsire-tsire iri-iri.
Ganyen mai martaba basal, lanceolate, yadudduka-ƙyallen kwai ko kusan zagaye, petiolate. A cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan petioles, ganyayyaki sun bambanta da tsari, wanda shine ɗayan halayen da ake amfani dasu don ƙayyade dangantakar jinsin tsirrai.
Yankin giciye na petioles na jinsuna daban ya bambanta a matsayin tsagi, kasancewar fuka-fuki, da dai sauransu. Ganyayyaki da yawa da suka dauki bakuncinsu suna da yawa, wanda zai basu damar jurewa karancin lokacin fari. Sun bambanta da girma, yanayin rubutu da launi na ruwan ganye. Akwai nau'ikan da tsawon ganye ba su wuce cm 5-6 (Bunting Baby), a cikin wasu sun kai 20-25 cm (Blue Angel, Sum and Substance).
Fuskar mai amfani da ruwan ganye na iya zama mai laushi ko maɗaukakiya, tare da wuraren buɗe ido, da murfin kakin zuma ko shimfidar ƙarfe shimmer. A wasu nau'ikan iri da nau'ikan, theauren ganye yana wavy.
Halin halittar yana da kusan nau'ikan 40, wanda ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin Gabas ta Tsakiya da kasashen Asiya da Gabas da yawa, sun haɗa kai a ƙarƙashin sunan ƙungiyar masu baƙi (N. hybridum).
Hosta
Dokokin Gasa
Mai watsa shiri "zaune", yawanci a wuri guda tsawon shekaru, don haka kafin dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar tono ƙasa sosai, zaɓi duk ciyayi kuma cika rami mai dasa tare da duk abin da kuke buƙata. Bayan fitar da wani rami don funkia, kuna buƙatar ƙara ƙasa mai dausayi, humus, ciyawar da aka lalace, zaku iya sanya tablespoon na Kemira Universal, haɗuwa, yi mound a cikin rami kuma sanya tushen mai watsawa a wannan tudun.
Idan runduna suna da tushe mai tsawo sosai, to ana iya gyara su. Hakanan wajibi ne don yanke tushe mai bushe ko bushe. Idan Tushen ya bushe, to, zaku iya jiƙa su a cikin maganin “Zircon” ko “Epina-ƙari,” ko kuma a cikin ruwa. Dasa fungi a cikin bude rana yana da yawa da ba a ke so, ba sa son wannan.
Bayan dasa, da funky dole ne a zubar da kyau, a Bugu da kari, za ku iya ciyawa duniya kusa da mai watsa shiri tare da peat ko sphagnum. Zai zama dole ruwa sau da yawa har sai shuka tayi tushe, kuma mai gidan shima yana buƙatar shayarwa a cikin tsananin fari.
Lokacin dasa shuki shuka, kuna buƙatar gano yadda sauri wannan iri-iri ke tsiro, kimanin girman balaguron daji ya bar sararin samaniya. Baƙi suna yin jigilar jujjuyawa ko rarrabuwa cikin natsuwa.
Tsire-tsire Hosta wata dama ce ta yin lambun kyau da ƙarancin aiki.
Mai watsa shiri Mai Kula
Baƙi sun fi son wurin penumbra tare da kariyar iska. Yana cikin irin waɗannan kyawawan halayen da launi da tsarin kan ganyayyakin mai masaukin suka bayyana a mafi kyawun su. Wasu nau'ikan launuka masu launin rawaya suna kama da kyau a cikin hasken rana, amma a wasu yana iya haifar da ƙone ganye.
Tushen tushen garken da ya balaga ya basu damar yin hakan ba tare da ruwa na dogon lokaci idan ya cancanta. Wannan ingancin ya sa mai watsa shiri ya zama mai ɗaukar nauyin dorewa na fari, abin mamakin mutane da yawa. Har ila yau, masu garkuwa su ma suna da tsauri masu tsauri (bangarorin yanayi 3-8), duk da haka, ya kamata a kiyaye farkon tsiran bazara na kananan tsire-tsire daga lokacin sanyi.
Shuka rukunin tsire-tsire a kan m, tsaka tsaki ko ɗan ɗan acidic, ƙasa mai arzikin humus tare da kyakkyawan ruwa. A cikin bazara, zaku iya takin tsire-tsire tare da taki na nitrogen (alal misali, taki ko daskararren ruwa) da ciyawa tare da karimincin takin gargajiya da takin humus.
Rufe manyan wurare na duniya tare da fadi ganye, da rundunar runduna sako girma kuma a zahiri basa bukatar weeding. Tsire-tsire kusan ba sa cutar da cututtukan, amma, ana fuskantar mummunan hare-hare ta hanyar slugs da katantanwa, waɗanda ke aiki sosai a cikin yanayin rigar. Yana da mahimmanci musamman don kare ƙananan tsire-tsire daga slugs. Suna son yin liyafa a kan gidan mai masaukinsa da ganyayyaki, da kuma irin ƙwaro irin ƙwaro.
Hosta yana yin fure.
Funkia ya fi kyau da ruwa da safe, zai fi dacewa ba akan takarda ba. Ba za a iya shayar da masu ruwan shuɗi ba a kan ganye, gabaɗaya. Wasu lambu sun ce ba dole ne a bar runduna su yi fure ba ta hanyar katse filawar a gaba.
Mai watsa shiri
Baƙi da gaske ba sa son tashin hankali kuma za su yarda da son su girma a wuri guda tsawon shekaru. Koyaya, rarrab ofwar plantations bada shawarar a za'ayi kowane 5 years, kamar yadda runduna girma sosai, densely cika sarari da aka raba musu. Rarraba tsire-tsire a ƙarshen bazara ko farkon bazara kuma ku tuna da yin a kai a kai moisten plantings na kananan tsire-tsire har sai sun sami tushe.
Seedaukar ƙwayar mai watsa shiri ba bu mai kyau ba, tunda ba a ba da tabbacin karɓar sabon shuka wanda yake daidai da mahaifa.
Mai watsa shiri a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi
Hosta shine tsire-tsire na musamman kuma yana iya taka rawa daban-daban a cikin tsarin lambun. Da farko dai, murfin ƙasa ne don inuwa mai mahimmanci ko kuma gefen inuwa na lambu. Baƙi suna da kyau a gefen gefan hanyar, a bakin bankunan tafkin, a gaban tsirrai ko a iyakar lawn. Tsire-tsire suna da kyau ga duka tsararraki da na gargajiya. Baƙi suna ba da kansu da kyau don haɓaka a cikin tukwane, waɗanda zasu iya yin ado da baranda ko kuma sasannin da ba su dace da gonar ba.
Godiya ga bambancin da aka kirkira ta hanyar manyan ganye masu sauki na mai watsa shirye-shiryen tare da katako, pinnate ko yatsa mai siffa na wasu tsirrai, masu lambu suna da kyakkyawar dama don ƙirƙirar haɗakar asali da suttura.
A bisa ga al'ada, ana shuka dakaru tare da hehera, fern (Matteucci, Polystichum, Dryopteris), Voronets, ofipogon, sayi, hellebore, goryanka, astrantia, primrose na fure, digitalis, geranium, astilbe, medunica, aquilegia, anemone kaka da sauran su.
Cututtuka da kwari sun yi garkuwa da su
Manyan ramuka da yawa a cikin ganyayyaki alamu ne na lalacewar tsirrai ta hanyar katsewa da katantanwa. Waɗannan sune manyan ƙungiyar kwari. Don magance su, suna amfani da tarkunan giya, kuma suna aiwatar da tarin tarin kwari da hannu.
Yana da al'ada a gare mu muyi la'akari da cewa runduna ba su da lafiya tare da komai kuma maƙiyansu kawai su ne tarkata. Wannan gaskiya ne na ɗan lokaci. Amurkawa sun ce: mafi girma ga tarin rundunar, to mafi girman hadarin kamuwa da ƙwayar cuta ce.
Don yin bincike, kuna buƙatar zuba yankakken yankakken, an tsoma shi a cikin gilashin gilashin m na bakin ciki tare da ruwa kaɗan, bar minti 10-30 ku kalli hasken. Idan akwai tsattsauran ra'ayi, zaku ga yadda waɗannan ƙananan tsutsotsin tsutsotsi suke yaɗuwa cikin ruwa.
Akwai alamun bayyanar waje: a rabi na biyu na bazara, rawaya da / ko aibanin necrotic da aka bazu tsakanin jijiyar ganye. A lokaci guda, mafi kyawun runduna suna jin daɗin saurin ƙara ɓacin hankali. Anduntataccen tsirrai da tsirrai na iya nuna alamun rashin gaskiya kwata-kwata.
Kara nematodes zaune ne kawai a cikin shuka kanta (suna sauri mutu a cikin ƙasa), amma na iya kamuwa da maƙwabta ta hanyar yada tare da ruwan sama da kuma ban ruwa da ruwa. Sukan yi watsi da asalinsu, kuma suna yin barna ne kawai ba ga runduna ba, ana samunsu a sauran perennials mai ƙauna, har ma da ferns da wasu bishiyoyi. Me za a yi? Chemicals ba su da ƙarfi a nan saboda suna lalata kwari, amma ba ƙwai ba. Zamu iya ba da shawara masu zuwa: halakar da dukkanin tsire-tsire masu cuta da muhallinsu a cikin radius na 2. M soilasar ba ta buƙatar yin noma. A cikin shekaru biyu zuwa uku, irin wannan hanyar tsattsauran ra'ayi na iya 'yantar da lambun ku daga kwaro.
Hosta
Akwai, duk da haka, wata hanya, ba hanya mai mahimmanci ba: don dumama tsire-tsire masu ɗorewa. Da zaran kasar ta lalace, sai a fitar da su, Tushen an girgiza shi (ya fi kyau a jefa lalatar da kasa - ana iya murƙushe tushen a ciki) kuma a sa a cikin ruwan zafi na minti 20-25 a 60 ° ko mintuna 10 a 70 °. Zai fi kyau a rarrabe misalin da fallasa gutsuttsuran zuwa aiki daban-daban, tun da yanayin da aka ba da shawarar yanayin yana kusa da mutuwa ga masu rukunin kansu. A kowane hali, wani ɓangare na tushen zai kasance mafi hasara. Dankin da aka “ƙugu” ana shuka shi ne farko a cikin tukunya, kuma a ƙarshen bazara - a cikin lambun.
Kuma a ƙarshe, zaku iya girgiza hannunka, a sakamakon haka, tsire-tsire, tabbas, bazai mutu ba. Amma sai a sayar da gaskiya ko raba wa abokai wani abu daga shafin.
Kuma wata labarai mafi baƙin ciki: ƙwayoyin cuta sun isa ga mai watsa shiri. Har zuwa yau, duk da haka, a cikin Russia ba mu da korafi game da wannan, amma la'akari da yadda wannan al'ada ta hanzarta bunkasa, ba shi yiwuwa a jira lokaci mai tsawo. Kuma ba lallai ba ne a sami marajan marassa lafiya a gonar; alal misali, petunia (rhesus mosaic virus) da tumatir (ƙwayar tumatir-ƙwayar ƙwayar tumatir) na iya zama masu ɗaukar kamuwa da cuta.
Amma duk wanda aka yi wa gargadin yana dauke da makamai. Tare da fenti - a hankali a tono wata shuka tare da dukkan tushen kuma ku kwashe ta daga wurin. Abin takaici, babu wani zaɓi na “magani” tukuna.
