Gidan tradescantia yana ƙaruwa da saurin walƙiya. A zahiri a rana ta uku, ƙananan fararen Tushen suna girma a reshe da aka karye, reshen kuwa ya zama mai iya yiwuwa. Haka kuma, namo da kula da kwastomomi na yiwuwa ba wai kawai a cikin kayan abinci bane, har ma a cikin kayan ado: sanya 'yan' yan itace a cikin ruwa, zaka sami "bouquet" na cikin gida mai kullun.
Tradescantia fure (Tradescantia) nasa ne a cikin dangin Commeline.
Gida - Arewa da Kudancin Amurka.
Yana da wata alama ta perennial hergaceous shuke-shuke daga cikin iyalin Commeline. Yawancin nau'ikan suna da mashahuri tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
Lokacin barin gida, furen tradescantia ba shi da ma'ana, ƙaƙƙarfan yanayi, mai jure yanayin yanayi. Inda sauran tsirrai suke haɓaka (alal misali, a cikin kusurwar corridor), tradescantia yana haɓaka da kyau. Daga cikin nau'ikan 500 na tradescantia, akwai tsire-tsire guda biyu da na shekara-shekara tare da babba da ƙananan ganye, fure mai ban sha'awa.
Menene tradescantia yayi kama da: bayanin shuka da kaddarorin amfani
Itace mai tsiro mai tsiro tare da mai rarrafe mai tushe, ganyayyaki sun kusan sessile, bango ko lanceolate mai fadi, har zuwa 7 cm tsayi, tare da rawaya, farar fata ko rawaya mai launin shuɗi. Furanni na Tradescantia suna kama da kananan laima na shuɗi, m, shuɗi mai zurfi, shuɗi ko farar fata. An tattara su a cikin sauki, laima-dimbin yawa ko paniculate inflorescences, da wuya kawai, Corolla tare da petals uku; bayyana a farkon lokacin bazara kuma kada ku ɓace har faɗuwar. Kowane fure yana buɗewa don kwana ɗaya, amma gungu na buds a cikin kowace inflorescence tabbacin dogon, ci gaba da fure. Yana da wuya blooms a ɗaka, a cikin bazara - a lokacin rani.
A cikin yanayi na ɗakin, mafi yawan abin da aka fi sani shine farar fata mai launin farar fata tare da harbe mai haske mai haske.
A Rasha, tradescantia budurwa da kyankyashe ta zama tartsatsi. Wannan nau'in yana da matukar wuya a tsakiyar layin kuma baya buƙatar tsari don hunturu.
Yawancin nau'ikan tradescantia sune tsire-tsire masu ado na ado waɗanda zasu iya girma kamar tsire-tsire na cikin gida, da kuma a cikin gidajen ƙasa da kuma ɗakunan ajiya.
Kamar yadda za'a iya gani a cikin hoto, ana amfani da fure tradescantia don yin ado da lambuna na hunturu, tsaka-tsaki, windows, da kuma matsayin kayan ƙasa:
Asalin sun hada da Carl Linnaeus saboda girmamawa ga uba da ɗa na Tradescant, masanan Ingila, matafiya da masu tattara - John Tradescant Sr. (1570-1638) da John Tradescant Jr. (1608-1662).
Wannan nau'in halittar yana da kusan nau'ikan 60 da aka rarraba a Arewacin Amurka, akasari a cikin gandun daji da kananananan wurare tare da ƙasa mai wadata.
Lokacin da aka kwatanta shuka, yakamata a gano cewa wannan fure da zebrin sune mafi kusancin dangin gashin gwal. Abin baƙin ciki, ba kowa ba ne zai iya kama bambanci tsakanin waɗannan tsire-tsire masu alaƙa da gaske, amma a banza. Duk da ingancin abinci mai gina jiki ga dabbobi da mutane, tradescantia yana da ƙarancin magunguna fiye da danginsa - zebrin, wanda, ba zato ba tsammani, kuma ba shi da ma'ana kuma yana jin daɗin sanannu a tsakanin dabbobin gida.
Kasuwanci (sana'a) kuma zebrins, duk da mahimmancinsu da aka ambata, sun kasance na asalin ne, amma na iyali ɗaya ne - Comelynines (har ma daisia naisia). Sun zo gidajenmu daga yankin da ke tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, kamar gashin baki.
A Rasha, ana kiran tradescantia sau da yawa "tsegumi na mata", ko da yake wannan sunan ba shi da yawa fiye da na hukuma, kimiyya, wanda ba kasafai yake a duniyar tsirrai na gida ba. Wannan tsire-tsire masu cute sun sami irin wannan sunan mai banƙyama saboda tsayi, rassan da ke rikitarwa da yawa. Wasu lokuta ba zai yiwu a nemo inda suke da mafari ba kuma ina ne ƙarshen, kamar dai yadda ba zai yiwu a nemo asalin abin da receivean tseran zai samu ba, da kuma gano inda kuma yadda waɗannan tsegumi zasu ƙare.
Abubuwan da keɓaɓɓun fa'idodi na tradescantia sanannu ne a duk faɗin duniya. Misali, a cikin Venezuela, ana girmama tradescantia na Zebrin ba ƙasa da aloe ba, kuma ana kula da ita ga cututtuka da yawa. Kuma wannan duk da gaskiyar cewa jami'in hukuma na Venezuelan na dogon lokaci bai amince da tradescantia a matsayin shuka ba.
Koyaya, masanin ilimin halitta na Venezuelan Jonathan Pirerro a cikin cikakkun bayanan aikinsa na kimiyya ya tabbatar da cewa tradescantia da gaske yana da ƙimar warkarwa mai mahimmanci kuma yana da ƙarancin daraja ga shugabannin da aka san su kamar aloe da echinacea.
Masanin kimiyyar ya ware wani abu mai kama da insulin a cikin ruwan 'ya'yan kwadon maganin Zebrin, wanda ke saurin rage sukarin jini. Ta hanyar wannan, ya tabbatar da cewa masu warkarwa na Venezuelan da ke amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan itace ko kayan ƙwallafa na tradescantia don kula da marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari daidai ne. Bugu da ƙari, tradescantia ya ƙunshi maras tabbas, wanda ke da ƙayyadadden aikin antimicrobial kuma ya sami damar kashe ba kawai microbes ba, har ma da ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa. Wadannan magungunan phytoncides sun kware sosai wajen magance cututtukan cututtukan hanji.
Tradescantia yana tsaftacewa kuma yana sanya iska a cikin dakin, yana lalata hasken lantarki. Dankin yana tsaftace iska da ƙura da sauran mahadi masu daɗi (hayakin sigari, abubuwan da aka kirkira yayin haɗuwar gas, da sauransu). Magungunan phytoncides masu aiki a cikin shuka suna da mummunar illa a kan ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta, waɗanda sune abubuwanda ke haifar da cututtukan cututtukan yau da kullun.
Mutumin da ke sha'awar ciyawar kore na tradescantia na cikin gida yana kawar da damuwa na ido, yanayinsa da sauri yana inganta, kuma yana sauƙaƙe numfashi.
Ana amfani da tradescantia cikin sihiri: baya barin maharan su lalata mutane, tare da ita muguntar ido ta rasa ƙarfi.
Furen furanni na tradescantia a gida ya banbanta ga martanin su da tasirin gaske a cikin yanayin gidan. Idan komai lafiya cikin dangi, to kuwa dabbobi masu gidan suna jin lafiya, idan makamashi mara kyau ya tara, tsirrai sun fara bushewa.
Tradescantia ana cinye ta dabbobi: canaries, kuliyoyi, hamsters, zomaye har ma kifin akwatin kifaye. Ga kuma mutane da yawa har yanzu irin shi a matsayin mai sosai unpretentious gida shuka, ba ko da sanin da magani Properties. Dole ne in faɗi cewa tradescantia ba kawai zai yiwu ba, har ma ya zama dole - a ƙara zuwa salads daban-daban na ganye, musamman a lokacin hunturu, lokacin da sabbin ganye ke yawo daga babu inda (kuma ba a san inda suka girma ba). Kuma a nan shine tushen abin ban mamaki, sabo, fiber mai ban sha'awa a kan bango a cikin tukunyar filawa, girma ba tare da wani sunadarai ba - ɗaukar twig, wanke shi kuma yayi crumble cikin salatin.
Bayan haka zaku iya fahimtar kanku da hoto, sunan daban-daban vias na tradescantias da kwatancin su.
Nau'in tradescantia (tradescantia): hotuna da sunayen iri
Fiye da nau'ikan 90 na tradescantia an san su, suna bambanta cikin girma da launi na ganye. Su za a iya taguwa (kore tare da fararen), launin ruwan kasa, tare da launin shuɗi mai ruwan hoda, mai ruwan shuɗi.
Mafi mashahuri:
Kasuwanci Anderson (T. x arsanaana)
Kasuwancin farin kaya (T. albiflora)
Kasuwancin Fari da Fari 'Albovittata' (T. albiflora 'Albovittata')
Kasuwancin Kayayyaki (T. blossfeliana)
Kasuwanci (T. yarinyar)
Navicular tradescantium (T. navicularis)
Tradescantia karkara (T. zebrina)
Kasuwancin Tradescantia
Myrtolithic tradescantia
Tradescantia yi dabam (T. flumensisf. Variegata)
Kasuwanci sillamontana (T. sillamontana).
Kasuwancin farin kaya (Tradescantia albiflora Kunth.), dangin commelinas.
Gida na: Brazil
Bayyanar yanayi da tsari: undemanding, ciyawa, shuka iri tare da mai rarrafewa, tushen tushen a cikin nodes. Kara ne zagaye, m, kore kore, an rufe shi da duka, ƙanana, ganye-ovate ganye.
Dubi hoto - a cikin wannan nau'in tradescantia saman ganyen ganye mai launin shuɗi ne, ƙananan gefen wuta ne, furen ƙasa a gindin ganye:
A farkon lokacin bazara ya yi fure tare da dusar ƙanƙara-fari-kananan, fure mai kamannin furanni waɗanda suka fito fili a fili game da korewar ganye.
Sake bugun: tsirrai da ƙwayau waɗanda suka ɗauki tushe da sauri a cikin kowane rigar mama da ruwa.
Siffofin: inji yana mai matukar wahala kuma mai jurewa sosai. Yana ƙasa da yanayin zafin jiki. Yana da ƙasa da ƙasa. A narkar da wannan kwastomomi an yi shi ne akan cakuda humus da ƙasar ƙasa tare da yashi (2: 2: 1), da kuma a cikin duk waɗanda keɓaɓɓe na ƙasa - haɓaka yumɓu, musayar ion-musayar, da dai sauransu Kyakkyawan shuka don ɗakuna, lambuna na hunturu, don filayen tsire-tsire ko bango. zanawa da kuma kayan girke-girke na kayan yankan. Tushen sauƙi a cikin ruwa. Yana girma da kyau a cikin ƙananan haske tare da maɓallin hasken wucin gadi.
Kasuwancin Kayayyaki (Tradescantia Blossfeldiana Mildbr.), dangin commelinas.
Gida na: wurare masu zafi na Amurka.
Bayyanar yanayi: yana da wani perennial, unpretentious herbaceous shuka tare da creeping lokacin farin ciki, m, pubescent mai tushe tare da takaice internodes. Ganyen suna da tushe, mai saurin yaɗa lanceolate, da aka nuna, madadinsa, ingantaccen matsakaici, fure, da ke ƙasa, masu ruwan lila na ƙasa.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoto, a cikin wannan nau'in tradescantia na ɗakin, furanni masu girman sila ne:
Ba su yi ado ba, amma a maimakon haka tsoma baki tare da tsinkaye daga siffar peculiar da launi na shuka. Abun cinikin Blossfeld baya girma da sauri kamar sauran nau'in tradescantia.
Sake bugun: yaduwa ta hanyar yanka a cikin ruwa, yashi, yumɓu mai yumɓu, perlite, peat.
Siffofin: duk da cewa tradescantia itace ɗayan tsirrai marasa tsinkaye don ɗakuna kuma suna iya girma a kowace ƙasa, a cikin gilashin ruwa tare da ruwa, duk da haka, don samun samfurori masu kyau kuna buƙatar wuri mai haske, ciyawar mai yalwa, ciyawar ƙasa mai laushi: turf, ganye, humus da yashi ( 2: 2: 1: 1). Lokacin da aka fallasa mai tushe, tradescantia yana sake farfadowa ta hanyar pruning mai ƙarfi, amma ya fi kyau maye gurbin tsoffin tsirrai da yara. Blossfeld tradescantia yana haɓaka da kyau kuma yana haɓaka a kan ionic substrate kuma a al'adun hydroponic. Tare tare da zebrins da chlorophytum, za'a iya amfani dashi a cikin kayan haɗin bango. Wadannan tsire-tsire masu banƙyama, waɗanda aka dakatar a matakai daban-daban, saboda haɗuwa da launuka da sifar, na iya zama wani ɓangaren ado na ɗakuna da ɗakunan zama. Wannan nau'ikan tradescantia na iya girma a ƙarƙashin wutar lantarki ta wucin gadi.
Kogin Tradescantia (Tradescantia fluminensis Vell.), dangin commelinas.
Gida na: wurare masu zafi na Amurka.
Bayyanar yanayi: perennial, ciyawa mai tsire-tsire tare da mai tushe mai tushe. The mai tushe suna kwance, creeping, haske kore, tsari na ganye ne na gaba.
Kula da hoto - wannan nau'ikan tradescantia yana da ganyayyaki masu ɗauke da ganye, a gindi yana da ɗan ƙima, ƙashi na sama yana kore:
Ganyen suna da duhu fiye da na fararen fata mai sheki, da ƙarami. Furanni farare ne.
Sake bugun: cikin sauki yada, forming tushen kowane kumburi daga tushe. Tushen a ko'ina cikin shekara a kan daban-daban substrates.
Siffofin Kiwo: shuka ba shi da tabbas, yana girma a kowane zazzabi, amma yana buƙatar shayarwa da feshi. Lokacin da aka fallasa mai tushe da tsufa, an sake dawo da shi ta hanyar pruning mai ƙarfi, kuma, girma baya, yana sake haɓaka ganye mai yawa har zuwa mita ko sama da haka. Don samun nasarar kulawa da wannan nau'in tradescantia, cakuda turɓaya, ganye, ƙasa humus da yashi (2: 2: 2: 1) an haɗa su.
Tradescantia guiana - shuka mai fure mai haske da ƙananan furanni fari.
Tradescantia zebrin - kamannin ado da fararen fari ko na azurfa akan ganyayyaki. A cikin karamin haske, ganye sukan juye kore.
Furanni ƙananan, masu ruwan hoda a launi. Na dogon lokaci zebrin mallakar mallakar trauscantia kuma kawai aka ware shi kwanan nan azaman 'yanci na' yanci.
Dubi hoto - sunan wannan nau'in tradescantia yana faruwa ne saboda halayyar taguwar ganye:
Mafi yawan nau'ikan jinsin da suka dace don haɓaka da mallake kima magani ne rataye zebrin.
Zebrina rataye - Zebrina pendula schnizl (a cikin litattafan al'adun gargajiya ana samunsa sau daya a karkashin sunan Tradescantia zebrina Loud) ciyayi ne na zamani wanda ke haifar da bushewa mai tushe.
Ganyayyaki suna yanɗuwa da ɗamara mai kumbura, ovate tare da nasihu masu kyau, tsawon 5-6 cm, faɗin cm cm 7. upperangaren babba shine burgundy kore tare da tsakiyar igiyar ciki da gefen, tare da rawanin farin zinare biyu masu kyau. A underside ne m, m, ciliated tare da gefen. Yana fure a Yuli - Agusta tare da hasken rana na awa 8 - 8. Furannin 'yan kadan ne, ruwan hoda, sepals da kayan kwalliya da aka shafa, aka sanya su cikin bututu. Wannan shine babban bambanci daga tradescantia, a cikin abin da filayen fure da sepals kyauta.
Cinikin Kaya - tare da taguwar ganye (fari-m-kore). Dukkanin kwastomomi suna da ado sosai, amma suna da rashi ɗaya: suna girma da sauri kuma suna buƙatar sabuntawa.
Tradescantia kore (T. yarinyar) - perennial herbaceous shuka. Gida na gida - gandun daji na Amurka.
Daya daga cikin tsirrai na cikin gida. M unpreentious, inuwa-jure, danshi-m. A cikin hasken rana kai tsaye, ganye sukan rasa haskensu kuma suka zama kore mai haske. Propagated da tushe cuttings.
Navicular tradescantia (T. navicularis) daga Peru tare da harbe-harben succulent da ganyayyaki suna da harbe-kore mai launin shuɗi, mai rarrafe, tare da ƙarshen ƙarshen ya kai 50 cm a tsawon
A ganye ne m, scaphoid, karami, densely guga man zuwa mai tushe, located in guda jirgin kusa da juna. Tare da rashin haske, ana shimfiɗa harbe, kuma ganyayyaki suna shimfiɗa, rasa tasirin adonsu.
Kasuwanci (T. makamaryara) daga Ostiraliya kadan ne kamar sauran nau'in halittu, ba su da tsayi mai tsayi, ganyayyaki suna da yawa, kore-zaitun tare da tsintsin azurfi a tsakiyar jijiya, ƙawance-yalwatacce, har zuwa 20 cm tsayi, tattara a cikin wani muhimmin rosette.
Idan kana son girma tradescantia tare da kayan ado, launuka ko bambance bambancen, har yanzu dole ne ka kula da su: launi zai zauna kuma zai kasance mai haske ne kawai idan shuka ta sami isasshen haske da abinci mai gina jiki. Lokacin da kake kula da kayan cikin gida, ana amfani da suttattun kayan adon a lokacin bazara, duka kwayoyin halitta da ma'adinai, a cikin nau'ikan hanyoyin magance gishiri mai rauni.
Kula da haɓaka fure mai fure na cikin gida a gida
Abu ne mai sauqi mu bunkasa kwastomomi, hakika suna da matukar ma'ana marasa ma'ana kuma basu da tabbas a mutu, sai dai idan kun cire danshi da haske gaba daya. Haka kuma, suna da alaƙa da kamannin kafet kore, kuma yana girma da sauri. Don yin wannan, dole ne ku bi ka'idodi kaɗan.
Lokacin kula da furanni, tradescantia ya kamata a sami iska mai kyau. Wurin don waɗannan tsire-tsire ya kamata a kunna lafiya, amma wannan al'ada ba ta yarda da hasken rana kai tsaye. Idan an sanya tradescantia a cikin rana, ganyayyakinsa sun zama ƙanana, kuma yana asarar tasirin ado. Iri tare da ganyayyaki kore kuma suna ɗaukar tsari mai inuwa, amma sai harbe su suke tsawaita. Siffofin dabam dabam suna rasa ƙarfin launinsu a yanayin rashin isasshen haske.
Don haɓaka tradescantia da ƙarfi kamar yadda zai yiwu, a lokacin rani ana bada shawara don ɗaukar shi zuwa iska mai tsabta kuma sanya shi a cikin inuwa.
A cikin hunturu, yawan zafin jiki kada ya faɗi ƙasa 10 ° C. A lokacin rani, ana bada shawarar spraying.
Sauya - takarda, turf da humus ƙasa, yashi. (2: 1: 1: 1).
Ganyayyaki na yaduwa na tradescantia ta amfani da peran ana aiwatar da su a cikin yashi mai laushi ko a ruwa.
Tradescantia ana yaduwa ta hanyar yanke, yankan su a ƙarshen Fabrairu - farkon Maris da sanya ruwa; bayan makonni 2, harbe suna ba da asalinsu, kuma ana iya dasa su a cikin ƙasa. Zaku iya yanke harbe kuma ku dasa su a kan wani wuri a tukunyar; suna karɓuwa sosai, kuma tsiro daga wannan ya zama mai ruwa sosai.
Mai zuwa ya bayyana yadda ake kulawa da tradescantia a gida.
Yadda ake kulawa da tradescantia daki a gida
Kula da tradescantia a gida abu ne mai sauqi: tsire-tsire kamar danshi, iska mai-kyau da kuma kyakkyawan ruwa, amma ka tuna cewa ƙasa ba za ta iya yin danshi. Saboda gaskiyar cewa shuka tana ba da harbe-harbe da yawa, ƙasa tana ƙarƙashin hat, kamar, kuma tana riƙe da danshi na dogon lokaci. A cikin ɗaki mai ɗumi, bushe, ana bada tallafin yau da kullun na tradescantia.
Ya kamata a shayar da shuka a kai a kai, a lokacin rani - yalwa, a cikin hunturu - a matsakaici, tun da tradescantia na haƙuri da rashin danshi sosai fiye da kima. Cakuda kasar gona a cikin tukunya koyaushe ya kasance rigar. A cikin hunturu, an rage yawan ruwa.
Daga Mayu zuwa Satumba, ana amfani da takaddun ma'adinai sau biyu a wata.
Canza kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Yana da kyau a sabunta shuka daga cutan a kowace shekara, kamar yadda shuka tayi tsufa da sauri ganye ya fara bushewa daga tushe daga tushe. Don tsayar da yarinyar na tradescantia, yana da kyau a koyaushe tsunkule fi na harbe.
Kasuwancin tsirrai ne masu yawan gaske, basa buƙatar ƙasa mai yawa da tukunya mai yawa, amma dole ne a girma a bango ko wasu tukwane na fure, domin rassan su sauka a hankali.
Kamar yadda kake gani, ba shi da wahala a kula da tradescantia, amma idan aka girma ba daidai ba, wannan inji na iya yin rashin lafiya tare da ƙafa baƙar fata. Wani lokacin fure yakan shafi aphids da fararen fata. M ruwa a Tushen zai iya haifar da rotting da mutuwar shuka.
Yadda za a yi girma tradescantia a cikin kwalba: ciyayi na ciyayi ta amfani da yankan ruwa a ruwa
Yaduwa da tradescantia ta yanke cikin ruwa shine ɗayan hanyoyi don shuka kyakkyawan shuka.
Shuka rassan tradescantia guda biyu a cikin kwalaben ruwa har sai sun samo tushe mai zurfi a kansu. Yanzu shirya ruwa mai ciyarwa. Oneauki ɗayan ɓangarorin bushe mai kyau sod humus, saka a cikin jirgin ruwa, ƙara sassa uku na ruwa kuma girgiza minti biyar. Kuna iya ɗaukar kimanin gram 150 na ƙasa a kowace lita na ruwa. Bada izinin cirewar ta tsaya, sannan tace da kuma tafasa don kashe kwayoyin cuta da cututtukan fungal. Idan maganin ya zama duhu, to sai a tsarma shi a launi mai ruwan shayi. (A cikin rashin ƙasa mai kyau a cikin hunturu, zaku iya maye gurbin shi da ashch ash - 2 grams a kowace lita na ruwa tare da haɓaka 1/2 na gram na saltpeter. An saka ruwa tare da toka na tsawon awanni 24). Sa'an nan ku zuba a cikin kwalba ɗaya na ƙasa ko cirewar ash, a cikin - ruwa mai tsabta.
Sanya rassan tradescantia a cikin ɗayan kuma kwalban, ƙarfafa su da kakin zuma ko ulu (mara ruwa) auduga ko ya bushe da kuma yanke shi cikin rabi ta abin toshe. Kunsa kwalabe tare da tradescantia tare da farin farin takarda, har ma ya fi kyau tare da rufin baƙar fata, wanda ya sa tushen ya kasance cikin duhu kuma ba zafi, kuma algae baya farawa a cikin ruwa. Fararen launi, kamar yadda ka sani, yana haskaka haskoki na rana. Ta hanyar toshe kwalaba a cikin ruwa, runtse gilashin bututu na ƙarfe a kusurwoyi na dama, wanda a kowace rana ke busa iska tare da kwan fitila. Oxygen yana da mahimmanci don tushen yin numfashi.
