'Ya'yan itace, ba shakka, mutane da yawa suna ƙaunar su, amma akwai matsala guda ɗaya - ripanyen' ya'yan itace na zamani. Ana aiwatar da girbi a watan Yuni - Yuli, sannan za'a iya cinye shi a cikin bargo (jam, jam, daskarewa) ko siyan kayan da aka shigo da shi wanda ba koyaushe yake da inganci ba saboda dogayen sufuri da kuma ƙarancin sinadaran da aka kara a cikin berries don ƙara rayuwar shiryayye.
Shin zai yuwu ka samar da kanka da sabbin strawberries a duk shekara?
Ee za ku iya! Kuma ba wai kawai don azurta kansu ba, har ma don samun kuɗi mai kyau.
Domin samun riba mai tsoka, ba lallai ne ku yi abu mai yawa ba - ku fitar da tsarin kasuwanci, yanke shawara a wurin da ake noma, zaɓi mafi kyawun tsaba ko ,an itace, shuka amfanin gona kuma, ba shakka, ku fahimce shi.
Don haka, buɗe kasuwanci akan strawberries.
Tsarin kasuwanci ko ƙididdige yawan kuɗi da fa'idar girma strawberries
Da farko kuna buƙatar yanke shawara yadda kuma inda tsire-tsire za su girma, matakin farashi kai tsaye ya dogara da wannan lokacin.
Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka biyu:
- Kasa bude.
- Gidan Gida.
Kasuwancin girma strawberries a cikin filin shine zaɓi mafi ƙarancin tsada, amma ya dace kawai don girbin bazara na gargajiya kuma bai dace da samar da kwanciyar hankali ba, albashi na shekara.
An yi imani da cewa girma strawberries a gida, kasuwancin ba shi da riba kamar, alal misali, a cikin wuraren buɗe ko a cikin greenhouse. Wannan ra'ayi ba gaba ɗaya gaskiya bane, duka sun dogara da yanayin mutum ne, wadataccen fili don dasawa, da kuma zaɓin iri iri da suka dace.
Greenhouse girma halin kaka
Haske - fitilar sodium tare da masu tunani, tare da ƙarfin akalla watt 400, ana karɓar lambar su daga lissafin fitila 1 a 1 m² na yankin. Ya kamata a haskaka tsire-tsire aƙalla awanni 12 a rana - wannan ma abu ne mai kuɗin kashewa mai mahimmanci.- Watering - kwantena da bututu na roba domin ban ruwa tsarin na'urar.
- Tsaba ko seedlingsan itace - fifiko ya kamata a ba wa gyaran iri da ke daɗaɗɗa da wuri, kamar: Will, Sakhalin, Primadonna, Elsanta, Gwaji, Kama, Glima, Rashin daidaituwa, Cambridge.
- Shinge da kwantena - zaku iya sa kanku da kanka, kawai ku sayi kayan: filastik, bayanan bayanan ƙarfe ko katako mai nauyi.
Haske - fitilar sodium tare da masu tunani, tare da ƙarfin akalla watt 400, ana karɓar lambar su daga lissafin fitila 1 a 1 m² na yankin. Ya kamata a haskaka tsire-tsire aƙalla awanni 12 a rana - wannan ma abu ne mai kuɗin kashewa mai mahimmanci.Idan ba ku son noma strawberries a cikin hanyoyin gargajiya - a cikin kwalaye, kwantena ko a gadaje, gwada girma a cikin manyan filastik. Wannan hanyar ba ta buƙatar manyan yankuna, wanda ke ƙara riba na girma strawberries, kuma yafi sauƙin kula da tsirrai.
Riba
A cewar kididdigar, a kowace shekara, yawan buƙatun strawberries yana ƙaruwa da matsakaicin 40%. Dangane da wannan, ribar da ta bunkasa, musamman ma lokacin kaka, bazara da lokacin hunturu, na iya zama dari bisa dari ko sama da haka.
Misali, yi la’akari da ribar karamar gona, ita ce, akwai karsana 1 tare da yankin 80 m². A kan irin wannan yanki 65 m² na shelves ana sanya su cikin yardar kaina, kowane m² mai amfani yankin tare da tsire-tsire masu ba da itace suna ba da kilogiram 5 na berries a wata - 65x5x400 p. (farashin berries a cikin offseason) = 130,000 p. - riba.
Daga irin wannan misali mai sauƙi, ana iya gani a fili cewa har ma da yin la'akari da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata yayin girma strawberries a cikin gidan shinkafa, wannan kasuwancin yana da fa'ida sosai.
A cewar masana, farfadowa da farashi na farko na kasuwancin strawberry, lokacin da ake girma berries a cikin gidan shinkafa, bai wuce watanni 3 ba, to wannan kana buƙatar ƙara ƙarin watanni 3 don haɓakar shuka, ovary da ripening na berries. A sakamakon haka, ya juya cewa bayan watanni shida zaka iya samun riba mai riba.
Strawberries na kasuwanci duk shekara. Noma noma
Zaɓin Greenhouse
Gilashin gilashin gilashi shine zaɓi mai kyau, tsire-tsire suna karɓar iyakar haske na ɗabi'a, akwai yiwuwar ƙarin tsarin dumama. Wataƙila an debe ƙasa ɗaya kawai a nan - lokacin da za a gina shi, ana buƙatar tushen babban birnin.
Gina fim abu ne mai sauki, gininsa shine mafi karancin tsada idan aka kwatanta da aikin gina wasu nau'ikan gidajen kaka. Lokacin amfani da shi, mutum ya kamata yayi la'akari da cewa fim, har ma da mafi kyawun, ba zai iya kare tsirrai daga cikin sanyi ba, kuma yana da matsala matsala shirya dumama a irin wannan ginin. Haka kuma, hadarin mutuwar shuka ya yi yawa. Wannan ƙirar ba ta dace da kasuwanci ba; ba za a iya shuka strawberries a nan shekara ba.
Ganyen polycarbonate shine mafi kyawun zaɓi a kowane hanya. Tsari mai ƙarfi, mai dacewa wanda zai yuwu don samar da microclimate mai mahimmanci, don aiwatar da shigarwa na kayan wuta da kayan ɗumi a cike, ƙima mai mahimmanci.
Gilashin gilashin gilashi shine zaɓi mai kyau, tsire-tsire suna karɓar iyakar haske na ɗabi'a, akwai yiwuwar ƙarin tsarin dumama. Wataƙila an debe ƙasa ɗaya kawai a nan - lokacin da za a gina shi, ana buƙatar tushen babban birnin.
Gina fim abu ne mai sauki, gininsa shine mafi karancin tsada idan aka kwatanta da aikin gina wasu nau'ikan gidajen kaka. Lokacin amfani da shi, mutum ya kamata yayi la'akari da cewa fim, har ma da mafi kyawun, ba zai iya kare tsirrai daga cikin sanyi ba, kuma yana da matsala matsala shirya dumama a irin wannan ginin. Haka kuma, hadarin mutuwar shuka ya yi yawa. Wannan ƙirar ba ta dace da kasuwanci ba; ba za a iya shuka strawberries a nan shekara ba.
Ganyen polycarbonate shine mafi kyawun zaɓi a kowane hanya. Tsari mai ƙarfi, mai dacewa wanda zai yuwu don samar da microclimate mai mahimmanci, don aiwatar da shigarwa na kayan wuta da kayan ɗumi a cike, ƙima mai mahimmanci.Kasar
Don tabbatar da wadataccen ciyayi mai ɗorewa, lambun talakawa ko ƙasa mai dacewa ba ta dace ba; kawai dole ne a yi amfani da ingantaccen, ingantaccen kayan abinci mai gina jiki. Don shirya kai na 500 kilogiram na ƙasa mai dacewa, zaka buƙaci:
- Bambaro (alkama ko hatsi) - 300 kilogiram.
- Mullein ko tsinkayen kaji - 190 kg.
- Glass alli - 7 kg.
- Urea - 3 kilogiram.
Bayan an shirya duk abubuwan da aka gyara, ana yin aikin haɓaka. Don yin wannan, an shimfiɗa su a cikin tari a cikin yadudduka: 20 cm na bambaro, 12 cm na droppings ko mullein, urea. Sanya shimfidar yadudduka har sai an samar da abin wuya tare da tsawo na kimanin 1.8-2 m, nisa zai iya zama sabani, amma ya fi dacewa idan ya kasance 1.5 m. Lokacin da aka kafa abin wuya, kowane Layer yana zubar da dumin (ba zafi) ruwa. A matsakaita, aikin fermentation yana farawa a cikin mako guda. Don fermentation don ci gaba a ko'ina, aka hade kayan abinci kowane kwana 10, ƙara alli a allurai daidai. Bayan an gama aiwatar da takin, yakamata kasar gona (substrate) ya kamata:
- launi launin duhu ne;
- tsari - tsari, haske;
- warin ammoniya ba ya nan.
Lokacin ƙirƙirar kasuwancin gida, ana girma strawberries a ƙarƙashin yanayi guda ɗaya kamar yadda a cikin greenhouse: matakin haske, shiri na matsakaici mai gina jiki, shayarwa. Abinda kawai masu fasahar aikin gona ke bayar da shawarar canzawa shine damar dasa shuki. A cikin dakin, gareji ko a baranda babu buƙatar shigar da shinge tare da manyan akwatunan. Madadin haka, zaku iya shuka tsire-tsire bisa ga hanyar Dutch a cikin jaka ko shuka su a cikin wani nau'in ganga mai dakatarwa.
Watse
Da kyau, don ban ruwa na strawberries, yi amfani da hanyar ban ruwa na ruwa. Irin wannan tsarin ya ƙunshi zane mai sauƙi:
- m, hoda na roba tare da ramuka waɗanda aka riga aka yi;
- dropper;
- maɓallin ruwa babban bututu ne ko kuma magudanar ruwa.
Tare da ban ruwa na ruwa, ruwa yana shiga kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin shuka, zuwa ga tushen tushe, yana wadatar da shi kuma a lokaci guda ba over-moistening ƙasa.
Yadda ake samun kuɗi akan strawberries - aiwatarwa
Ba tabbata ba yadda za a sami kuɗi a kan strawberries? Kafin fara kasuwanci, ya zama dole a yi tunani a gaba yadda da inda za ayi siyar da samfuran gaba. La'akari da kaddarorin strawberries (gari mai laushi wanda ba a adana shi ba tare da kayan aiki na musamman ba), wannan tambayar tana da matukar dacewa.
Hanyoyin tallace-tallace
- Cinikin kai.
Hanyar tana da matsala kwarai da gaske tunda, da farko, ya zama dole don yin hayar sararin samaniya, aƙalla wasu matattakala, na biyu, don siyan kayan aiki don adanawa da sanyaya berries kuma, na uku, don samun lokaci mai yawa don kasuwanci. - Tallace-tallace na berries a cikin sarkar dillali - manyan kantuna, masu siyarwa masu zaman kansu, kantuna masu dacewa.
Wannan zaɓi ba shi da kyau. Bayan kammala yarjejeniyar samar da kayayyaki, samar da takardar shaidar ingancin samfur da takaddun takin zamani akan takin da aka yi amfani da shi na shuka, zaku iya ba da berries zuwa cibiyar rarraba kuma ku karɓi kuɗin shiga doka ba tare da damuwa da komai ba. - Ofarfafa berries don sarrafa tsire-tsire.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, irin waɗannan masana'antu suna biyan ƙasa kaɗan don samfuran da aka bayar fiye da yadda za'a iya samu daga masu siyar da sabbin berries, amma akwai mahimmin bayani a nan - kundin. Ga mutanen da ke da manyan yankuna tare da strawberries, wannan zaɓin zai iya zama da amfani matuƙar idan kun tsara kwangila tare da kamfanin na dogon lokaci tare da wadatar kayan yau da kullun na yau da kullun.
