Albasa daga tsaba ta hanyar shuka a cikin shekara guda

Dasa albasa a cikin bazara ya daɗe ya zama al'ada ga yawancin lambu na gida, saboda wannan tsire-tsire mai amfani galibi ana amfani dashi don shirya nau'o'in salati. Tsarin girma ya fara da shuka, bayan sun karɓi sprouts, an dasa su zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa. Koyaya, ba duk yan lambu ba su san yadda ake samun ƙarfi da lafiya seedlings daga tsaba.

Yadda ake girma albasa daga tsaba a cikin kakar guda

An yi imani da cewa yana da matukar wahalar shuka seedlings, kuma wannan tsari yana ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa. Koyaya, zaku iya ganin sabanin daga kwarewar mutum idan kun saba da ƙa'idodi na yau da kullun kuma ku bi su yayin aikin.

Yawancin lambu suna yin amfani da hanyar seedling, saboda wannan garanti ne na yawan amfanin ƙasa. Kuma zaku iya yin wannan ko da a cikin yanayin ɗakin. Amma da farko kuna buƙatar shirya duk abin da kuke buƙata don wannan:

• Albasa tsaba don shuka;
• Mixasa hade da inganci mai girma.
• Tankuna, waɗanda aka ba da shawarar yin amfani da tukwane na fure ko kwalaye;
• Kunshin filastik.

Kuna iya dogaro kan samun girbi mai kyau kawai idan zaku samu kiyaye waɗannan shawarwari masu zuwa, waxanda suke na duniya ne, sabili da haka ana iya amfani dashi a cikin narkar da kowane nau'i.

Janar dokoki:

• Masana sun ba da shawarar yin amfani da sashin ƙasa da nau'in zaki don shuka;
• Mafi dacewa lokacin shuka tsaba shine ƙarshen watan Fabrairu. Koyaya, wani lokacin a cikin wallafe-wallafen akwai nuni cewa ana iya aiwatar da shi a farkon bazara;
• Kafin ka fara shuka iri, suna yayyafa: don wannan, an sanya su cikin ruwa mai zafi zuwa 35 digiri Celsius, kuma sun bar awa 8;
• Na gaba, an fitar da tsaba kuma a bar su a bushe;
• Yana da matukar muhimmanci a bi ka'idodin dasa shuki da aka bada shawarar - 20 g a murabba'in mita. Saboda haka bayan shuka tsaba na iya yin shuka sosai a farkon, yana bada shawarar rufe kwantena tare da dasa filayen filastik. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, ya zama dole a buɗe magudanar ruwa don samun isasshen iska;
• Jiran farkon 'yan seedlings su bayyana, ya zama dole don samar da seedlings tare da shayarwa na yau da kullun da kuma weeding;
• Yawancin lokaci seedlings suna isa jihar da suke so bayan watanni 2. A wannan lokacin, ana iya juyawa zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa;
• Kafin aiko da itaciyar zuwa gonar, an za ~ i kayanta. Don yin wannan, tushen tsarin da kuma na ɓangare na kara suna buƙatar a datse dan kadan.

Shuka seedlings a cikin kakar guda

Kasancewa tare da fahimtar mahimman ka'idodi, lokaci yayi da ku kula da fasahar noma.

A cikin tankuna

Ina so in sake maimaita cewa za ku iya shuka seedlings a cikin zane ko tukwane. A cikin ka'idodi da ka'idodin fasahar fasahar noma, ya wajaba a la'akari da lamura masu zuwa lokacin shuka iri a cikin kwalaye:

• Ya kamata a sanya tsaba a nesa na 4-6 cm tsakanin layuka;
• Ya danganta da nau'in albasa da aka yi amfani da shi, rarar yawan ƙwayar iri na iya bambanta, amma a matsakaita yana kusan 15-20 g a kowane murabba'in;
• Bayan haka, akwatunan an fitar da su zuwa ɗakin da aka kirkira tsarin mulki na yanayin zafi - kusan + 18-25 digiri Celsius;
• Bayan harbe na farko ya bayyana, yana da mahimmanci a rage zafin jiki nan da nan zuwa + digiri na 14-16. Idan ba a yi wannan ba, to kuwa zaku gamu da irin wannan abin mamakin kamar shimfidawa;
• Har zuwa lokacin da tsire-tsire suka isa yanayin da ake buƙata don dasawa, suna buƙatar ciyar da su akai-akai. Misali, zaka iya amfani da jiko na taki, wanda aka dauka a cikin wani yanayi mai narkewa, hadawa da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1:10.

Yawancin lokaci daga bayyanar seedlings zuwa ga seedlings kai jihar zama dole ga dasawa zuwa wurin dindindin, bukatar kimanin kwanaki 50-60. Wannan lokacin ya isa ga tsiron ya girma ganye na ainihi 3-4.

A cikin kore

Yawan Chalcedony, alal misali, za a iya girma ba a cikin kwantena da ake samu a gida ba. Hanyar da ta dace shine amfani da greenhouses. A wannan yanayin, la'akari da waɗannan:

• Shiri yana farawa ne da halittar wani tururi. Anan za ku buƙaci biofuels, wanda dole ne a shimfiɗa shi a kan gado kuma an rufe shi da yanki na ƙasa 10 cm. .arin kauri ɗaya na Layer zai isa har zafin da aka samar bai bar gado ba. Sa'an nan, an shirya ƙasa na musamman na shinkafa kai tsaye a ƙasa. Don wannan cakuda, ana ɗaukar kayan aikin masu zuwa: ruɓaɓɓen sawdust (1 part), humus greenhouse (4 sassa), peat kwakwalwan kwamfuta (1 sashi) da ƙasa turf (4 sassa). Bayan wannan, ana ɗaukar guga na wannan cakuda, inda ake buƙatar ƙara teaspoon guda na superphosphate, daidai adadin nitonium nitrate da potassium sulfate da rabin gilashin itace ash.
• Ba a yarda da amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar gado na ƙasa ba, inda amfanin gona albasa ya yi girma a da;
• Tabbatar cewa gado yana buƙatar samar da haske mai kyau. Sabili da haka, mafi dacewa a gare ta zai zama wuri kusa da windows;
• Tsaba za'a iya shuka shi kawai bayan shirye-shiryen su: don wannan an aiwatar da matakan matakan, wanda ya shafi soya, bushewa, sarrafawa da sarrafa tsaba tare da microelements. Hakanan, dangane da kayan shuka, wajibi ne don lalata;
• Lokacin da lokaci ya yi don shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa, ya zama dole don kula da yawan shuka da aka ba da shawarar: an sanya tsaba a cikin layuka a nesa na 5 cm, kuma su kansu dole ne su kasance ba kusa da 1 cm daga juna. An bada shawara don zurfafa su da 1.5 cm;
• Lokacin da tsaba suke cikin ƙasa, suna buƙatar rufe su da humus;
• Abu na gaba, kuna buƙatar yin hankali a hankali tare da ruwa mai ɗumi, ta amfani da ƙaramar ruwa tare da sieve;
• Bayan wannan, ana buƙatar ƙasa ta birgima a rufe ta da ciyawa, ana iya amfani da ita azaman peat. Don amintaccen kariya, ya zama dole cewa fatarta tana da kauri na 1 cm.

Don hanzarta ƙwayar shuka, a cikin greenhouse kana buƙatar ƙirƙirar m zazzabi tsakanin + 18-20 digiri. Dole ne a kiyaye shi tsawon makonni. Bayan haka, bayan makonni biyu, zaku iya jira farawa na farko ya bayyana. Yana da mahimmanci kada a rasa wannan lokacin kuma nan da nan zazzage zafin jiki zuwa + 10-11 digiri, kuma bayan kwanaki 4-5 ana ƙaruwa da yawan zafin jiki zuwa + 15-16 a rana, kuma cikin dare ana sa su a + digiri 10 - 10. Idan ya zama sananne game da dusar ƙanƙanin dare na gabatowa, to, zaku iya kare plantings tare da taimakon rufi abu. Saboda wannan, yana yiwuwa a guji shimfiɗa shuki. A wannan matakin, wajibi ne don sanya iska a kai a kai.

Lokacin da seedlings suka yi ƙarfi, ya zama dole don zaɓar ranar da ta dace don taurara, don shuka zai fi dacewa da daidaitawa ga buɗe ƙasa.

Lokacin amfani da kowane ɗayan hanyoyin da aka ayyana don namo yi ba tare da ɓoye ba. Idan kana buƙatar fitar da tsire-tsire, to, kuna buƙatar la'akari da cewa tsire-tsire makwabta dole ne su kasance babu kusa da 1.5-2 cm daga juna.

Lokacin da makonni biyu suka rage kafin ranar disembarkation daga saiti zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa, ya wajaba ga tsiran don ƙirƙirar yanayi don taƙaitaccen lokacin hasken rana, tsawon lokacin da ya kamata ya zama bai wuce awa 10 na 10-12 ba. Irin wannan ma'aunin zai taimaka wajan fitar da kwararan fitila da sauri. A lokaci guda, kowane kwana biyu zuwa uku, ana ciyar da ciyarwa tare da nitrophosphate, wanda dole ne a yi amfani da shi a cikin nau'in diluted, ana biye da makircin - 1.5 tablespoons na kayan da guga na ruwa. Dasa kanta za ta fi kyau a yi da yamma, a tabbata an zubo da gado kafin a canja wurin tsiro zuwa gareta.

Saukowa

Jiran lokacin da seedlings a cikin akwatin ko greenhouse zai kai shekaru 55-60, zaka iya juyawa dashi zuwa wurin dindindin. Idan ana aiwatar da wannan aikin latti ko kuma daga baya, to tsire-tsire za su buƙaci karin lokaci don daidaitawa ga sabon yanayi. Idan an yi amfani da hanyar greenhouse don namo, to lokacin da aka canza shi zuwa gado, ya zama dole don kama karamin dunƙule.

Za'a iya bayanin yadda ake jujjuyawar kanta a cikin hanyoyin:

• Ana shirya farko. 'Ya'yan ƙwayayen da alamu na lalacewa, da samfurori marasa inganci dole ne a cire su;
• Kafin dasa shuki, yankan Tushen ganye da ganyayyaki shine 1/3;
• Bayan haka, kuna buƙatar shirya mash na mullein da yumɓu, kuma tsoma seedlings a ciki.

An ba da shawarar cewa ku shirya dasa shuki na seedlings a kan gado a cikin rana mai zafi da bushe. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, an ƙirƙira irin waɗannan yanayi a tsakiyar watan Afrilu. Bayan digging gadaje, dole ne a shirya shi ta hanyar yanke furrows. Bugu da ari, dole ne a zubar da ƙasar sosai, bayan hakan yana yiwuwa ga ƙasa.

Yankewadasa zuwa zurfin 2 cm. Tsakanin layuka ya zama dole don kula da nesa na kusan 50-55 cm. Tsarin dasa shuka da aka ba da shawarar shine 550 a kowace muraba'in 10. m. yanki.

Bayan dasa, an shayar da 'ya'yan itacen sosai - kimanin lita 80 na ruwa ya kamata a kashe a kan 40 seedlings. Don haka dole ne a mato ƙasa don cire voids na ciki. A ƙarshen, an rufe shi da wani yanki na ciyawa. Kwana uku bayan haka, zaka iya aiwatar da loosening.

Kammalawa

Duk mazaunin bazara na iya shuka ingantaccen albasa na saitin albasa a cikin shekara guda. Yawancin lokaci suna amfani da hanyar seedling, wanda ke ba ku damar samun gudu cikin lokaci. Mafi yawancin lokuta, yan lambu amfani da karfi daban-dabankamar tukwane ko akwatuna. Koyaya, zaku iya amfani da katunan kore inda zaku iya girma albasa, alal misali, Chalcedony. Kodayake wannan yafi fuskantar matsala, amma, wannan hanyar tana baka damar samun al'adun da suka fi karfi, bugu da kari, ba lallai ne ka ciyar da lokaci da himma kan jigilar seedlings zuwa makircin mutum ba.

A kowane hali, yana da matukar muhimmanci a ƙirƙiri a matakin girmayanayi mai kyau, biyan kulawa ta musamman ga tsarin zazzabi, ba mantawa game da shayarwa na yau da kullun.