Inara cikin takin ƙasa na ƙasa ta hanyar fasahar EM

Kashi na 1. Itaciyar lambun lafiya ba tare da sunadarai ba
Sashe na 2. Shiryar da kai na magungunan EM
Kashi na 3. inara yawan takin ƙasa ta hanyar fasahar EM

Maidowa da haɓaka amfanin ƙasa na ƙasa tsari ne mai tsawo wanda ya ƙunshi tsarin ayyuka, ɗayansu shine cikawa daga ƙasa tare da humus ta amfani da "aikin" kayan amfanin EM. Babu buƙatar jira don mu'ujiza. A cikin shekaru 1-2, idan ƙasa ta kasance "mara lafiya" kuma ba a kula da shi ba, ba za a sami sakamako mai yawa ba, duk da cewa amfanin gonar da aka shuka da sauran albarkatu zai karu. Duhu da bayyanar friability zasu ba da shaida ga dawo da ƙasa. Launi zai canza rayayye form humus. Soilasa zata zama da tsari, ƙasa zata narke ko bushe tare da dunƙule mai baƙin ƙarfe. Tsire-tsire ba za su yi rashin lafiya ba.

Amfanin EM fasahar EM shine cewa zaku iya fara aiki a kowane lokaci na lokacin dumi, idan dai yanayin ƙasa shine + 8 ... + 10 ° C a cikin cm 10 cm (yanki na faruwar babban tushen amfanin gonar).

Tsarin ƙasa mai wadata tare da ingantattun ƙwayoyin cuta.

A cikin 50s na karni na 20, babban sunadarai ya faɗi a kan filayen noma, yana haifar da haɓaka amfanin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Increasearuwar takin ƙasa mai lalacewa ta hanyar gabatarwar shirye-shiryen da ba na al'ada ba (takin ma'adinai, magungunan kashe ƙwari da sauran abubuwa) a cikin ƙasa sun keta rayayyun halittar ƙasa mai rai, waɗanda suka canza yanayin halittar "ƙasa mai rai" cikin abincin shuka.

Sannu a hankali, sanin ya zo cewa ba za ku iya ɗaukarsa kawai ba, kuna tilasta ba da ƙasa ta kowace hanya, ba tare da mayar da komi ba. Duk wani abu mai aiki yana buƙatar sake amfani da kuzarin da yake karɓa tare da abinci, abincin abinci shine kayan abinci ga mazaunan ƙasar. Daga nan ne aka samar da tsarin halittu (na halitta, karkara da sauran hanyoyin) tsarin aikin gona, a inganta shi kuma ya sami karɓuwa ta duniya a yau.

Ba dukansu sun dace don amfani a kananan ƙananan rani ba. Hanyar da aka gabatar don haɓakawa da haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayar halitta ta ƙasa ta amfani da fasaha na EM shine ɗayan mafi inganci da araha. Kasuwancin EM sun dace a cikin wannan zaka iya zaɓar rukunin yanar gizo da kuma hanyar daidaitawa don tabbatar da ingancinsa. Lokacin bazara yana zuwa - lokaci mafi dacewa don shimfida filin gwaji.

Aikin bazara

Idan an yi ƙasa tun daga kaka kuma ana amfani da takin ƙasa - yana da kyau. Lokacin da dumin yanayi ya shiga, da zaran an girgiza babba, za mu rufe danshi. Don rage ƙwanƙwasawa tare da rake ko karamin mai noma, za mu tsayar da toka, niƙa ƙasar ɓawon burodi. A lokaci guda, humus da takin za'a iya ƙarawa da saka a cikin ƙasa. Zurfin tillage bai wuce 7-10 cm ba.

Muna auna zazzabi na ƙasa a cikin ƙananan 10 cm cm. Lokacin da aka sanya fitila mai zafi har zuwa 8-10 cm zuwa + 8 ... + 10 ° С, muna shayar da tsutsotsin ko ƙungiyar da aka keɓe don dasa kayan lambu da sauran kayan amfanin gona tare da maganin aiki na shirye-shiryen Baikal EM-1 a farashin 2-3 l / sq. m. Idan an gabatar da EM a baya, ba za su yi aiki ba, za su ci gaba da yin barcinsu har sai an yi dumama, kuma za a rusa lambun ciyawa. Mayar da hankali na aikin aiki shine 1: 100. Idan ƙasa ta cika lalacewa, ana iya amfani da taro na 1:10. A lamari na farko, ƙara 10 ml na maganin hannun jari zuwa lita 10 na ruwa mai ruwan zafi na free, kuma a cikin na biyu, 1.0 lita na samfurin jari. Dama kuma ruwa kasar gona. Nan da nan ciyawa. Mulching kowane lokaci ana buƙata. Wannan dabarar aikin gona zata rage nutsar da danshi, kasar gona yakamata ta zama mai danshi, wanda hakan zai taimaka wajen kara haifuwar EM. Yin amfani da maganin EM ana aiwatar da shi ne kawai a kan ƙasa mai laima.

Tare da farkon al'ada, mako guda daga baya zaka iya shuka ko dasa tsire-tsire na lambu waɗanda aka tsara don namo.

Tare da matsakaicin al'ada, bayan kwanaki 10-12, mun sake fesa ƙasa tare da aiki (1.5-2.0 l / sq M a maida hankali kan 1: 100) kuma bayan sati daya mun shuka ko shuka kayan lambu.

Alamar takin EM.

Idan al'ada ta makara (seedlings, barkono, eggplant, matsakaici da tumatir na ƙarshen), to, kwanaki 5-6 bayan aikace-aikacen farko na EM, zaku iya shuka takin kore, dasa a matsayin takin zamani ko shuka shuka tsakanin ciyawar kore. A wannan yanayin, a yanka ta siderat din don kada ya ƙerata ko amfani dashi azaman ciyawa tare da ɗan ƙaramin sare.

Don shekaru na gaba da mai zuwa a cikin bazara (idan ba a kawo shi a cikin kaka ba), kuna buƙatar yin takin ko wasu kwayoyin da suka manyanta (humus) a cikin nauyin 1.0-10 kg / sq. m dangane da matakin wadataccen abinci na kasar gona. Aloye murfin takaddun halitta a cikin ƙasa na cm cm cm 5 kuma zuba 40 ml na shirye-shiryen tushe tare da aiki mai aiki da taro na EM na 1: 250 ko 10 ml na ruwa mai dechlorinated. Yawan kwararar mai aiki shine 2-3 l / sq. m square. Bayan makonni 2, muna shuka ko shuka kayan lambu a kan ƙasa mai shirya. Muna amfani da shuka iri iri na ciyawar kore. Guji tuntuɓar tushen tushen amfanin gona tare da mafita na EM .. Zai yiwu a ƙone ƙone ga tushen tsirrai.

Aikin bazara

Shuka magani

A lokacin bazara, a hankali ake fesa tsirrai tare da maganin aiki na 1: 1000 (10 ml na gindin maganin kowace guga na ruwa). Ana maimaita amfanin gona tare da samuwar a hankali (cucumbers, tumatir, eggplant, da dai sauransu) bayan kwana 7-10, har ma da tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin lafiya, suna ciyar da 2-3 l / sq. m na ƙasar yankin. Dankali za a iya yayyafa shi sau uku a cikin matakai na seedlings, kafin da bayan fure. Idan lalacewar kwaro, ana gudanar da jiyya tare da tazara iri ɗaya kamar sauran amfanin gona. Don karewa daga cututtuka da kwari, ana aiwatar da spraying tare da mafita mai aiki EM-5.

Juyin

Wewari a cikin sako sako tare da cakulan, yayin da lokaci guda rufe tare da bakin ciki na ƙasa. Bayan weeding, an zubar da ƙasa tsakanin layuka tare da bayani mai aiki a maida hankali kan 1:50 - 1: 100 ko a lita 10 na ruwa, bi da bi 200 ko 100 na ginin tushe da mulched. Idan tsire-tsire sun yi girma, to, don kada ku ƙone su tare da babban taro na mafita, ana iya bi da ƙasa tare da maganin aiki na ƙananan taro - 1: 1000 (amma na tsire-tsire). A wannan yanayin, an yanke ciyawar da aka bushe kai tsaye (bushe a cikin shayar a baya) da ciyawa ƙasa.

Beds hadu da kwayoyin halitta da EM shirye-shirye.

A lokacin bazara, ana iya ciyar da EM tare da kwayoyin halitta: sanya takin sabo a jere yana jere tare da haɗawar m zuwa cikin ƙasa. Domin kada ya bushe kasar gona da kayan miya, bayan dasa shuki, an shayar da shi kuma mulched. Kuna iya amfani da samfuran halitta "Planriz", "Humate" da sauransu. Ba za a iya amfani da takin mai ma'adinin ba, har da magungunan kashe qwari don lura da tsirrai. Baya ga mafita dangane da shirye-shiryen Baikal EM-1, kawai shirye-shiryen nazarin halittu da aka yi akan tsarin al'adun ƙasa na EM ana iya amfani dasu.

Rana aiki

Tushen fasahar EM shine shiri ƙasa. Idan a cikin bazara EMs na iya yin aiki kyauta a cikin makonni 2-3 kafin dasawa, to a cikin kaka wannan lokacin yana ƙaruwa zuwa watanni 1-2. Don wannan lokacin

EM lalata kwayoyin, dawo da haɓaka humus resus.
Sarrafawa Tushen, sassauta ƙasa.
Macro- da microelements da ke cikin tsire-tsire a cikin nau'i na nau'in gishiri mai chezed suna tara a cikin ƙasa.
Ressoƙarin aikin pathogenic microflora, warkar da ƙasa.
Ka tsokane seedlings na ciyawa, waɗanda aka lalata ta jiki. Bugu da kari, rawanin ciyawar da ke gaba yana taushi a cikin kasar. Faduwa karkashin daskarewa, tayi ke haifar da kumburin haihuwa, ta share kasa a sashin sama na ciyawar ciyayi. A hankali, yawan ciyawar ya ragu, kuma a ƙarƙashin ciyawa mai 5-5 cm sai suka kusan ɓace. Amma, dole ne mu fahimta kuma mu tuna cewa duk canje-canjen yana ɗaukar lokaci. Kuma ba shekara guda ba.

A cikin kaka, aiwatar da waɗannan ayyukan:

Bayan an girbe, ciyawar ciyawa ana tsokani da ruwa da kuma fesa ƙasa tare da maganin aiki na Baikal EM-1 ko EM cirewa 1: 100 - 1: 250 (10 l na ruwa / 100 ko 40 ml na EM-base). Yawan kwararar mai aiki shine 1 l / sq. m na ƙasar yankin. Ana gudanar da jiyya ta ƙarshe makonni 2-3 kafin farkon sanyi. Bayan jiyya, yana da kyawawa don rufe yankin tare da fim, wanda zai haɓaka fitowar harbe na tsaba mai wuya. Itatuwan ciyawa sun faɗi cikin sanyi kuma su mutu.

Idan akwai kwayar halitta ta biofertilizer (humus, biocompost), watsa su a saman shafin ko gadaje (2-10 kg / sq. M) kuma rufe tare da hoe ko hannun mai shuka a saman ƙasa na ƙasa cm cm cm 7. Za'a iya amfani da sharan amfanin gona na kore. Zuba albarkatun EM a saman a farashin 2-3 a kowace 1 sq. m aiki bayani tare da taro na 1: 100 - 1: 250. Don shirye-shiryen mafita na aiki, yi amfani da tushen mafita na EM-Baikal, EM-cire, EM-Urgasy.

Maganin maganin EM.

A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, a cikin kaka, ƙara ƙara kwayoyin halitta. Haka kuma, a hankali zaku iya rage farashin aikace-aikacen zuwa 2-5 kg / sq. m square. Tsarin takin gargajiya, sauran takaddun biowaste za'a iya sakawa cikin ƙasa ko yafa masa a zahiri tare da ƙasa na cm cm. Idan ƙasa ta bushe, tabbatar da ruwa da rigar ƙasa tare da mafita na EM a cikin adadin 1: 100 ko 10 na ruwa, 100 ml na gindin.

Bayan tillage, bayan sati daya, inoculate yankin tare da kowane irin amfanin gona kore, kore taki. Idan kayi amfani da wannan dabarar, to bayan an cire ciyawar kore, sai a sake bi da kasar tare da maganin EM wanda yake aiki da takin zamani da kuma ciyawar kasar. Kuna iya barin takin da aka dasa a ƙasa akan ƙasa, amma har yanzu bi da shi tare da mafita mai aiki, sake cika ƙasa tare da EMochki da humus na takin gargajiya.

Kuna iya shimfiɗa gonar hunturu ta hanyar zube kowane Layer tare da mafita mai aiki tare da maida hankali kan 1: 100 ko 1: 250, wanda lita 10 na ruwa shine 100 da 40 ml na tushe mai tushe. Lalle ne haƙĩƙa, za ka ji danshi na ƙarshe na ƙasa kuma zuba 1: 100 EM bayani akan rigar ƙasa kuma barin gado har sai lokacin bazara.

Tivationasa mai kyau tare da mafita na aikin EM-shirye-shirye (EM-Baikal, cirewa, Urgasy) fiye da shekaru 3-4 zai inganta ƙasa sosai, ƙara haɓakar humus, kuma, sabili da haka, takin ƙasa, mai 'yanci daga yalwar zalunci. Yin amfani da waɗannan magunguna kawai, kawai a cikin irin waɗannan wuraren tattarawa kuma kawai a cikin lokutan da aka lissafa ba kare bane. Tare da lura sosai, zaku sami ingantacciyar hanyar kula da aikin halittar dabbobi. Wannan hadewar kayan lambu ne da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da fure mai dacewa da amfanin gona na magani. Yin amfani da kayan ado da infusions na ganye, musamman magani (thyme, yarrow, Mint, nasturtium, dandelion, da dai sauransu).

Sauran ilimin halittu ana iya amfani dasu cikin nasara don dawo da matsayin ƙasa: baksib, radiance-2, radiance-3, rhizoplan, bacilon. Yawancin samfuran halittu daga cututtukan fungal da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da kwari zasu taimaka wajen warkar da tsire-tsire (ƙara yawan rigakafinsu) da kuma lalata ƙwayar cututtukan epiphytotic daga albarkatu (trichodermin, phytosporin-M, bactofit, alirin, da dai sauransu) da kwari (actophyt, verticillin, nemabact, bitoxibacillin da wasu).

A cikin aikin gona na nazarin halittu, yi amfani da duk sharar gida daga gidan, mayar da shi zuwa ga kasar gona, sanya shi tare da kwayoyin halitta kuma zai gode maka tare da albarkatu na kayan masarufi masu ingancin inganci.