A cikin gidajen lambunan da ke tsakiyar Mulkin, loosestrife ko ƙwayar Turanci ya girma a ƙarni na 13. Na dogon lokaci, al'adu ta tabbatar da unpretentiousness, kyau kwarai hunturu hardness da yawan aiki. Don yankuna daban-daban na daular, nau'in nau'in nau'in Sinawa ya dace da yanayin lardunan tsaunukan arewa da kuma kudu maso kudu.
A cikin lardunan da ke da ɗumi, bishiyoyi suna girma zuwa mita 8-12, kuma 'ya'yan itacen ofan Tumbi na China na iya kaiwa gram 80-100. A arewaci, a Manchuria, ƙungiyar da ta samo iri iri. Ba za a kira Ussuri plum babban-fruited ba, amma ba ya da tsayi kuma yana jure wa masu tsananin sanyi ba tare da asara ba.
Saboda kwarewar al'adar don cudanya da wasu nau'ikan tsire-tsire sun jawo hankalin masu shayarwa. A yau, an samo hybrids da iri bisa la’akari da tallafin Amurka da Turai, ceri plum da sauran ‘ya’yan itacen dutse.
Ganin yadda plum yayi fure, ba shi yiwuwa a lura da kwalliyar sa. Tun lokacin da aka taro masu bude taro a kananan inflorescences, a cikin bazara bishiyoyin suna bayyana gaba daya fari ko ruwan hoda. Ripening plums zauna kamar yadda densely a kan rassan, wanda, dangane da iri-iri, na iya zama rawaya, ja ko densely purple.
Plum Manchurian Kyau
A farkon rabin karni na ƙarshe, an kawo seedlings na wannan iri-iri zuwa Soviet Far East. Itatuwa daga Manchuria, tare da haɗa kayan kwalliyar filayen Sinawa da Ussuri, sun inganta kansu sosai. Sun nuna matsakaiciyar yanayin hunturu, kyakkyawan haƙuri da fari na ɗanɗano.
Tun shekara ta 1947, an ba da shawarar yin amfani da plum ga gidaje masu zaman kansu daga Yankin Gabas zuwa Yammacin Siberiya. Kuma a yau dwarf plum bishiyoyin Manchurian kyakkyawa suna cikin lambuna a duk faɗin ƙasar, gami da ɓangaren Turai.
Tsire-tsire tare da kara kara da mai yawa, suna buƙatar ɗanɗano na yau da kullun na kambi, fara fara 'ya'yan itace tuni a shekara ta uku bayan dasa. Kafin launin kore mai duhu mai santsi ya bayyana akan rassan, an bayyana ƙananan fararen furanni akan rassan bouquet.
Ana yin girbi a ƙarshen watan Agusta ko farkon Satumba. 'Ya'yan itãcen wannan nau'in plum na kasar Sin suna da nau'i mai zagaye, ba tare da ɗamarar da take gani ba, kuma tana yin kimanin gram 15. Amber kwasfa a lokacin ripening an rufe shi da kauri lokacin farin ciki ja da mai ruwan kakin zuma mai kakin zuma. An ba da iri-iri kamar yadda duniya take, wanda ke tabbatar da dandano mai daɗi mai daɗi da ƙamshi mai ƙanshi da miyar ganye mai launin shuɗi.
Lokacin girma plums, da kyau na Manchurian dole ne la'akari da cewa iri-iri suna da saurin-kai, kuma ga kyakkyawan girbi mai kusa yana buƙatar bishiyar da aka dasa.
A cikin bazara, akwai haɗarin kwararar bazara a kan tushe. Don kada ƙananan bishiyoyi su daskare kuma suna iya ɗaukar tushe a yankuna na arewacin, ya fi dacewa a dasa shuki a cikin bazara.
Plum Alyonushka
An samo nau'ikan nan tare da 'ya'yan itace ja, wanda aka yi nufi ga Tsakiyar Kasashen Duniya ta Black Black da kuma wasu yankuna na kudanci, ana samun su daga tsallake nau'in nau'in Buga da Matar Sinawa.
Bishiyoyi har zuwa tsayin mita 2,5 sun fi magabatansu girma daga China, amma ba mai yawa kamar dangin Ussuri ba. Bayyanar fararen fata, aka tattara a cikin inflorescences uku na ɗanɗano ya bayyana gaban haske na ganye ko kuma ya faɗi akan farkon Mayu. Haɓaka, ƙwayoyin obovate tare da santsi, ƙoshin daskararre mai sheki ya bayyana a matakin samuwar ovary.
Plug iri-iri na Alyonushka da aka gane a matsayin wurin girki. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari waɗanda aka zagaye tare da fata mai duhu ja sun kai 35 grams kuma suna shirye don tarawa a tsakiyar watan Agusta. Ganyen lemo mai ruwan sanyi yana da matsakaicin matsakaici, babban ruwan 'ya'yan itace da ƙanshin wuta. Dandano yana da daɗi da daɗi, daɗi. Idan bazara tayi dumi da rana, kuma aikin kulawa yana samar da itaciyar da duk abinda ya zama dole, inganta rayuwar 'ya'yan itace tayi kyau sosai. Tare da rashin hasken rana, jiki mai digiri na farko bai sami isasshen sukari ba kuma yana da ruwa.
Kamar sauran nau'ikan, wannan plum na kasar Sin ya fara bada 'ya'ya a farkon lokaci. 'Ya'yan itace biyu na farko akan itace ana kafa su ne a shekara ta uku ta rayuwa, amma ba tare da masu yin fure ba a lokaci guda, baza ku iya jiran amfanin gona ba.
Iskancin kai ba shine kawai sakewa ba. Alyonushka daga dukkanin filayen wannan ƙananan ƙananan sun fi yawa kuma sun fi yawa fiye da sauran yana shafan aphids.
Plum Skoroplodnaya
Abincin kayan zaki da wuri shine sakamakon ƙetaren filayen kwalliyar Klimaks na asalin Amurka da zaɓi na cikin gida na Ussuri. Bishiyar Skoroplodnaya plum itace yana da matsakaici tsayi da kambi ba shi yiwuwa ga ƙima mai yawa. A cikin bazara, a cikin sati na biyu na Mayu, farawa yake farawa. Ovaries suna girma akan rassan bouquet. Tare da su suna bayyana elongated, ba tare da lint ba, hasken kore ganye.
A cikin farkon rabin Agusta, taso keya, launin rawaya fata da haske ja zama ja 'ya'yan itace ripen. Idan matsanancin nutsar ruwa mai nauyi kusan gram 25-30 ya faɗo a rana, launin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi ya zama mafi rinjaye. Jiki a karkashin fata na bakin ciki launin rawaya ne mai launi da matsakaici, mai laushi. Sinawa iri-iri na plum yana da tsari mai sauri na sukari da ƙanshin 'ya'yan itatuwa mai haske.
Ba a adana plums mai dadi ba kuma ana jigilar su, amma yana da kyau da kyau. Abin takaici, wannan iri-iri ba kawai yana buƙatar giciye-pollination ba ne, har ma yana gamsar da amfanin gona akai-akai. Amma riga a shekara ta uku, seedlings fara kai 'ya'yan itace kuma kada ku tsufa fiye da shekaru 20.
Plum Skoroplodnaya haƙuri da tsakiyar-kakar winters da kyau, ba ji tsoron fari kuma saboda mutane da yawa iri, tare da matasan ceri plum, shine mafi kyawun pollinator.
Plum Alkawari
Plum Manchurian Kyau
- babban abu don shayarwa. A kan tushenta, an samo nau'ikan da yawa don namo a Rasha. A cikin 2004, an saka tubalin Alkawari a cikin Rijistar Jiha, yana da asali iri ɗaya kuma an ba da shawarar ga yankuna na yankin Volga-Vyatka.
Bishiyoyi har zuwa 4 mita high Bloom a karon farko yana da shekaru hudu, sannan kuma a kowace shekara suna samar da albarkatu masu yawa na shekaru 30. Koyaya, don cimma wannan, dole ne a hada da rigakafin tsufa a cikin kula da plum kuma ana shuka nau'ikan pollinator kusa. Al'adar tana tsayayya da cuta, amma tana buƙatar kariya daga kwari.
Late fure, farawa a cikin shekaru goma na ƙarshe na Mayu, yana faruwa ba kawai akan fure ba, har ma a kan harbe na girma. Tare da ovaries, m duhu kore ganye halayyar kasar Sin plum bayyana. Ripening 'ya'yan itace zagaye masu launin shuɗi waɗanda nauyinsu ya kai gram 30 zai fara a ƙarshen watan Agusta. Rana tana faɗuwa akan matsananciyar zana fatar jiki a cikin launuka masu ruwan shuɗi da na carmine, a bayyane suke a ƙarƙashin wani haske mai laushi. Juyayi mai yawa ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da launin rawaya kuma, a lokacin girbi, ya sami daidaituwa mai daɗin dandano mai daɗi.
Za a adana tarkace, a kwashe shi, a ɗanɗana shi sabo da amfani da shi don yin shirye-shiryen gida ko kayan adon abinci.
Plum Sissy
An samo yawancin alƙawura na tebur, masu gamsarwa tare da 'ya'yan itace masu launin ja, sakamakon tsallake nau'ikan Sinawa da kuma Skoroplodnaya plum.
Ba kamar sauran plums na kasar Sin ba, Sissy yana shiga cikin lokacin 'ya'yan itace kawai a shekara ta biyar kuma a lokaci guda yana ɗaukar nauyin-kai.
Fure buds, tattara a cikin inflorescences of 5 guda, suna da yawa strewn tare da bouquet rassan. Flow yana faruwa a tsakiyar watan Mayu, kuma 'ya'yan itace sun fara fitowa a mako na uku na watan Agusta. An kusan rufe plums na Sissy tare da bakin ciki mai launin fata, a ƙarƙashinsa mai laushi, mai narke nama mai launin shuɗi. Ko da cikakkun 'ya'yan itatuwa cikakke ba su fasa, wanda ke sauƙaƙe safarar su kuma yana inganta ingancin amfanin gona. Yin awo 25-35 na plum mai kyau sabo ne kuma don yin compotes da tsarewa.
Amfanin wannan nau'in plum na kasar Sin shine babban zafin hunturu na harbe. Idan sanyi da shafar bishiyar, to fure da haɓaka girma suna wahala.
Plum iri-iri Red tasa
Kowane mai lambu yana son fruitsa onan da ke kan plum su zama ba kawai dadi ba, har ma da kyau, babba. Plum iri-iri A kwano jan shine ainihin abin da kuke buƙata.
Bishiyoyi masu zurfin mita 2-3 suna shiga cikin farkon lokaci. Seedlings Bloom da kuma kafa na farko da ovaries a shekara ta biyu ko na uku, sa'an nan a kowace shekara samar da lokacin rani gida mai kyau girbi na 'ya'yan itatuwa zagaye zagaye ja daga 30 zuwa 40 grams. M plums tare da fata mai rufi da kakin zuma shafi da kuma rawaya, mai wuce yarda m ɓangaren litattafan almara da tebur saitin, za a iya hawa da ba a ajiye shi tsawon.
Daga cikin nau'ikan farkon, tare da wannan, yana da daraja a nuna alamar ƙwallon ƙwallon zinare, wanda ya bambanta da 'yan uwan ja-goro ta hanyar shimfiɗa bishiyoyi masu haske da launin shuɗi-amber mai launi na' ya'yan itace zagaye. Yawan nauyin plums shima ya kai gram 40, dukda haka, tare da wadataccen 'ya'yan itace, wani ɓangare na ovary zai iya karyewa, sauran' ya'yan itacen sun fi kyau. Ana yin girbi a tsakiyar watan Agusta. A tsakiyar layin akwai babban hadarin daskarewa da matasa harbe da kuma buds.
