A cikin lambun kusan kowane ɗan lambu zaka iya samun furanni masu konewa tare da fitilu masu haske, waɗanda ake kira "pansies." Suna haskakawa a cikin tabarau daban-daban: ja, shuɗi, rawaya, fari, kusan baki. Haske mai haske na bambancin launuka launuka a tsakiyar fure. "Pansies" shine sanannen sunan ga tsoffin violet. Yi la'akari da haɓaka viotrock viola daga zuriya a gida.
Game da fure
A wata hanyar, ana kiran furen "viola" ko "violet." A cikin Ukraine, ana kiran shuka "'yan'uwa", saboda nau'ikan nau'ikan suna da kama, amma suna da launuka daban-daban.
Pansies sune tsabtatattun bishiyoyi masu tsinkaye masu tsayi na goma sha biyar zuwa talatin santimita. Mafi yawa daga gare su girma kamar fure biyu.
Pansies suna da sunaye da yawa a cikin ƙasashe daban-daban.A farkon lokacin girma, bushes yayi m, yayin da suke haɓaka, sun samo kambi mai shimfiɗa. Peduncles bayyana a axils na ganye, suna kambi tare da manyan furanni har zuwa bakwai santimita a girman.
M shuka ingancin - farkon da karfi fure. A cikin yankunan tsakiyar Rasha, yana da fure a watan Afrilu.
Akwai alamu da yawa da ke da alaƙa da pansies.
| Alamu | |
| Ko da a zamanin da, an yi imani da cewa shuka zai iya bewitch ƙaunataccen | A lokacin barci har abada ƙaunataccen yayyafa ruwan 'ya'yan itace fure. An yi imanin cewa bayan farkawa, zai ƙaunace har ƙarshen rayuwarsa. |
| A Faransa da Poland, ana bada pansies lokacin rabuwa | Akwai al'ada ta Ingilishi mai ban sha'awa: idan saurayi ya ji kunya ya furta ƙaunarsa, dole ne aika zaki da busasshen fure mai bushe kuma haɗa bayanin kula tare da sunanka |
Dabbobi
Akwai da yawa daga nau'ikan pansies tare da kyan kayan ado daban-daban da sunayen sabon abu. Sun kafa kungiyoyi biyu: manyan-leaved da kananan-leaved.
Fallet dansjan na iya yi fure a cikin lambu tsawon shekaru. Yana girma daga goma sha biyar zuwa talatin santimita na tsayi kuma ana saninsa da madaidaiciyar kara da tsararren tushen fibrous.
Ana tattara ganyen a cikin kayan sauro a asalinsu ko kuma yana fure a kan itacen bi da bi. Babban furanni yana fitowa daga axils na ganye. Furanni masu ban tsoro, mai sauƙi, ninki biyu ko maɓarnata. Zasu iya zama monophonic ko launuka masu yawa.
Perennial horned violet an girma a kan gadaje na fure shekaru. Ba ta rasa kaddarorin kayan ado. Koyaya, ya dogara da nau'ikan ko ƙyallen bullet ɗin na iya rayuwa lokacin sanyi.
Nau'in nau'ikan sauƙi yi haƙuri frosts, da kuma halittar dabbobi na iya mutuwa.
Ampoule viola shine shuka shekara-shekara wanda ya kai girman santimita ashirin. Shuka tayi fure da kananan furanni daban-daban. Amp pansies Bloom daga watanni bazara zuwa farkon yanayin sanyi. Ana amfani da wannan nau'ikan iri-iri a cikin shimfidar wuri don yin kyawawan shafuka.
Lokacin fure na tricolor viola baya canzawa ta hanyar dasa lokaci.Letarƙar farar launi mai launi uku mallakar jinsin farkon fure ne. Ta ci nasara ta musamman a tsakanin 'yan lambu. Ana shuka viola din tricolor a lokuta daban-daban, kuma wannan baya shafar fure.
Furen ya kai tsayin ashirin zuwa ashirin da biyar. An tattara shi ne daga lemuran fenti guda biyar a fili ko hade launuka.
Violet mai launi uku sanannen don magani Properties. Yana yaƙi ƙonewa, yana da sakamako da diuretic da sakamako. Wannan fure ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin maganin mutane.
Viola Williams na cikin nau'ikan perennial, kodayake, an girma ba ya wuce shekaru biyu. Yana girma a cikin nau'i na daji kuma yayi girma har zuwa santimita ashirin. Yawancin lokaci ana shuka tsire-tsire a hankali don samun magana mai laushi. Furanni suna halin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai laushi da ƙananan girman.
Violet Sororia baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, amma ana nuna shi ta hanyar shuka-kaiViola Sororia blooms da wuri: furanni sun bayyana a watan Mayu. Itataccen ciyawa ne mai fure. Ganyayyaki, masu kama da zuciya, suna a Tushen. Fulawan furanni suna matukar son wannan nau'in don amfanin kansu da yawa.
Commonarfin ƙazamin ƙazaman ƙazamar ne gama gari a yammacin Rasha. Ya kasance na amfanin gona na zamani. Shuka girma na kimanin shekara ɗari biyar. Ya bambanta da kusan ganye zagaye da furanni daban-daban tabarau: dusar ƙanƙara-fari, ja, purple. Wannan yawancin nau'ikan ana amfani dashi don yin ado da shinge na lambu.
Sifted Viola ne halin kasancewar aibobi akan furanni. Ainihin suna sa jan tabarau. Wannan nau'ikan yana da sauƙin ganewa ta wuraren da suke birgewa.
Kula da girma
Girma daga tsaba a gida
A tsakanin lambu, al'adar yin pansies daga tsaba ya zama ruwan dare. Zai yuwu a shuka fure a gida.
Dasa kayan da aka sayo a cikin shago ko shirya kanka.
Don samun tsaba, ana zaɓa lafiyayyen bushes mai ƙarfi, waɗanda aka dasa akan gado iri aka shayar dasu. Pansies sune tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, saboda haka nisanci tsakanin plantings na nau'ikan daban-daban ana mutunta shi.
Bayan yellowing na zuriya iri, ana tattara tsaba. Yana da mahimmanci a sami lokaci don tattara zuriyar kafin a fara buɗe akwatin kuma tsaba suna a ƙasa.
Yaushe shuka don shuka
Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin filin budewa ya dogara da sauyin yanayi a yankin ƙasar. Idan kana son samun fure da wuri, ana shuka tsaba a watannin bazara na kakar da ta gabata. A wuraren da yanayin yake sanyi, ana shuka tsaba a ƙarshen Yuli.
Lokacin girbi ya dogara ne da yanayin da ake dasa daskararrun abubuwaZazzabi
Ana daukar pansies tsire-tsire waɗanda zasu iya jure sanyi. Duk da wannan, a cikin yankuna masu tsauraran yanayi, viola galibi tana daskarewa. Wannan ya faru ne saboda wurin zaɓaɓɓen wuri da aka zaɓa (alal misali, lokacin zabar wurin da yake da yawa) ko lokacin da ba daidai ba don dasa shuki.
Idan ka shuka iri a cikin watan Mayu ko Yuni, shukokin zai bunkasa wannan fure a cikin marigayi kaka kuma da alama zai yi yawa. Zai fi wahala a gare su jure lokacin hunturu, a dalilin haka sun zama masu rauni da ganima.
Hanyoyin da ba su fara fure ba a cikin kaka kuma basu fito ba, tsira hunturu sanyi da kyau Kuma a kaka na gaba sukan yi fure da wuri, suna buɗe furanninsu na furanni.
Abubuwan da ke da wuya Rashin amincewa da canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi. Idan adadin dusar ƙanƙan da dusar ƙanƙara ba ya faɗuwa a cikin hunturu, za su iya daskarewa. Halin yana da matsala a gare su, lokacin da rana mai dumi take haskakawa a bazarar da rana, kuma tsananin sanyi yakan fara da dare.
Abin mamaki, dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa tana kare furen daga daskarewaFulatan furanni sun fito da na'urori na musamman don ci gaba da yin dusar ƙanƙara a kusa da bushes.
Kula: yadda ake shuka fure
Don seedlings, ana shuka tsaba a cikin kwantena na musamman a takaice nisa. Makonni biyu bayan shuka, farkon tsiron ya bayyana. Yana da wuya a kula da shuka: ana shayar dasu a kai a kai kuma suna kwance ƙasa. Lokacin da kayan dasa ke tsiro kuma suna ƙaruwa, an daskare shi, yana sanyawa a cikin kullun.
Bayan bayyanar da shuka, nau'i biyu ko uku na ganye na ainihi, tsunkule shi, saboda haka daga baya reshen bushes. Yana da mahimmanci dasa shuki a kan lokaci, kafin su sami lokacin shimfidawa da fashewa. Lokaci na gaba, a cikin bazara, za su yi fure.
Idan kuna son samun tsire-tsire waɗanda suka fara tashi da wuri, gadaje tare da bushes an rufe su da fim, game da haka ana girka kayan girka.
Kulawar waje
Zabi wani wuri don ƙasa
Pansies suna jin daɗi a wuraren da aka kunna sosai tare da yanayin zafi. Can sanya shuki da inuwa mai haske. Dangane da abun da ke ciki na duniya, violet unpreentious, amma don lush fure ya fi kyau zaɓi ƙasa mafi dacewa.
Tana ratsa jiki cikin ƙasa kwance da ƙasa tare da ingantaccen tsarin magudanar ruwa wanda ke cire danshi mai laushi. Talauci da ƙasa masu yashi ba su bayar da gudummawa ga ci gaban lush da tsire-tsire masu lafiya ba. Orarancin ƙasa yana bada shawarar yin takin ƙasa tare da humus.
Watse Wittrock Violets
Haɓaka jadawalin shayarwa na matsakaici. Pansies ba su yarda da wuce haddi na ruwa ba, in ba haka ba suna iya fuskantar lalacewar tsari. A cikin yanayi mai zafi furanni suna jurewa da kyau, amma a wannan lokacin suna buƙatar yalwatacce kuma akai ruwa.
Idan furen ba shi da isasshen danshi, ganyayyaki sun faɗi ƙasa don riƙe ruwaA wani yunƙurin riƙe danshi mai ba da rai, bushes ɗin ya lanƙwasa ƙasa, furanni sun yi ƙanƙanuwa kuma suka zama marasa hankali, kuma a sakamakon haka, furanni ya tsaya.
A kan kwanakin zafi ana shayar da su a kowace kwana biyu.kwance ƙasa. Idan ƙasa ta bushe, shuka ya rasa halaye na ado.
Ciyar da Viola
Don ci gaba mai aiki da ciyawar fure, ana amfani da takin ƙasa zuwa ƙasa. Dankin yana buƙatar nitrogen don gina lush da kore kambi.
Don cikakken launi na furanni, potassium da phosphorus suna da muhimmanci. Yana da mahimmanci kar a wuce shi da adadin takin, alal misali, wuce haddi na nitrogen zai haifar da ci gaban cututtukan fungal.
Idan mai furanni bashi da gida na lokacin bazara, pansies za'a iya ajiye shi a gida a cikin manyan kwantena a baranda. A wannan yanayin, kula da furanni daidai kamar yadda tsire-tsire suke girma a cikin ƙasa.
Buɗe ƙasa ko ganga a baranda - a irin waɗannan yanayi, furen yana buƙatar kulawa iri ɗayaKiwo Pansies
An yadu da pansies ba kawai tare da taimakon tsaba ba, har ma da taimakon cuttings. Wannan hanyar tana riƙe da dukkan halaye na ƙwayar uwar. An shirya harbe daga Mayu zuwa Yuli.
An dasa yankan a ƙasa a buɗe a cikin wani wuri mai cike da ƙasa, a cikin inuwa. Suna shirya ƙananan gadaje, wanda akan dasa shuki a hankali, suna zurfafa su da rabin santimita. A mataki na ƙarshe, ana fesa kayan shuka.
Yayin da yake da tushe, ana shayar dasu lokaci-lokaci, fesawa da kwance ƙasa. Ganyen sun bayyana tushen tsarin game da bayan sati uku.
Shuka cututtuka da kwari
Da yawa ba sa yin pansies da ciwo kuma kwari ne ke kaiwarsu. Babban lalacewar violet na iya lalacewa ta hanyar kwari da ke zaune a cikin ƙasa. Maybug larvae son ci a kan m pansies. Wasu lokuta ana iya samun aphids da mites gizo-gizo a kan shuka.
Kwayar cutar kwaro na iya haifar da mutuwar fure ba tare da tsoma bakin lokaci baAn yi yaƙi da kwari tare da taimakon kayan aikin da aka sayar a cikin shagunan kayan lambu. Masu ba da tallace-tallace na tallace-tallace za su gaya muku wane magani ya kamata a saya don kwaro na musamman.
- Ana kashe Aphids ta hanyar kulawa da ƙasa tare da ash itace kuma fesa tsire-tsire da sabulu da ruwa. Lokacin da gizo-gizo gizo zai bayyana, ana amfani da "Actofit". Kuna iya zuwa wurin girke-girken jama'a da amfani da tafarnuwa.
Idan baku bi ka'idodi don kula da viola ba, yana iya kamuwa da cutar mildew, launin toka, tabo da “ƙafar baƙar fata”.
- Powdery mildew yana haifar da mutuwar lalacewar sassan tsiron kuma yana dakatar da haɓakar sabon buds. Ana magance cutar ta hanyar fesawa da shuka tare da tsintsiyar-sabulu na ruwa. Sakamakon launin toka, tsirin ya fara jujjuyawa. An fesa shi da maganin sinadarin chloride na 0.5% a kowane mako.
- Spotting ana halin mutuƙar ganye, hanawar fure. Ana magance ta ta wannan hanyar kamar launin toka. Blackafar baƙar fata cuta ce wacce rot ya bayyana a kan tushen wuya da asalinsu. Don guje wa bayyanar ƙafafu baƙar fata, za su yi shiri sosai da ruwa.
Pansies - wani yanki ne wanda ba a fassara shi daga tsarin zane mai faɗiPansies kyawawan tsire-tsire ne da ba su da kyau wanda zai iya yin ado da kowane irin tsari na lambun. Ba su da ma'ana a cikin barin, wanda yake shi ne tabbataccen ƙari.
