A wasu tsirrai masu tsinkaye, ganyen ya juya zuwa na’urar farauta ta hanyar da ta fi dacewa. Don haka, a cikin tsire-tsire na dangin Nepentes daga gandun-daji na Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Indiya da Ostiraliya, ganyayyaki masu tarko sun canza zuwa juzu'i mai haske har zuwa rabin mita a girman. A gefuna na jugs sun ɓoye ƙwayoyin ƙanshi mai daɗi kuma suna jan yawancin kwari. Irin waɗannan tarkunan suna da haɗari ba kawai ga kwari ba, har ma da ƙananan tsuntsaye.
Rafin Turanci © BoivieNepentes, ko Pitcher, Latin - Nepenthes.
Shuka ya kasance ga dangin Nepenthaceae, wanda ya haɗa da wannan asalin kawai, wanda ya kunshi nau'ikan 70 da kuma ɗumbin yawa, yawancin su ana siyarwa a Ingila.
Wannan liana mara kyau, a matsayin mai mulkin, tana jagorantar rayuwar rayuwa mai kyau a cikin dazuzzukan zafi da laima na tarin tsibiri na Tekun Pacific da Indiya. Pitchers - tarkuna tare da “hula” - canji ne na leafan ganye. Kwayoyin suna jan hankali zuwa ga nectar pitcher, kuma suna shiga sahun itace na shuka. Sannan ana narke su a cikin wannan ruwan 'ya'yan itace kuma shuka ta karbi abincin ta a cikin wani nau'in ruwa mai cinyewa a gare su.
A cikin al'ada, Nepentes, rashin alheri, za a iya bred kawai ga wani ɗan gajeren lokaci, tun da shi lokaci guda yana buƙatar zafi da zafi mai zafi. Bai kamata ku sayi shuka ba idan ba za ku iya samar masa da yanayin da ya dace ba - kore ko “taga mai rufe bakin”. Nepentes suna kama da tasiri a cikin rataye abubuwa ko kwandunan katako, daga abin da jugs za su iya rataye da yardar kaina.
Tsarin halitta na halitta na Nepentes Burbidge. © NepGrowerSiffofin
Wuri
Ma'aikatan lafiya suna girma sosai cikin hasken da ke warwatse mai haske, daga hasken rana kai tsaye ya kamata a lulluɓe su da wata masana'antar translucent (gauze, tulle) ko takarda.
Idan aka yi girma a kan windows tare da hangen nesa na yamma da arewa, ya kamata kuma a ba da fifiko. A lokacin kaka-hunturu, ana bada shawara don haskakawa tare da fitilun mai kyalli na tsawon awanni 16.
Zazzabi
Ma'aikatar sun fi son yanayin zafi na matsakaici. Yankuna masu girma a cikin ƙananan low a cikin bazara-lokacin bazara sun fi son yanayin zafi a cikin kewayon 22-26 ° С, a lokacin kaka-hunturu lokacin da yake yawan zafin jiki yana cikin kewayon 18-20 ° С, ba ƙasa da 16 ° С. Temperaturesarancin yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci na iya haifar da mutuwar shuka. Don nau'in tsiro a cikin tsaunuka, yanayin zafi a lokacin bazara da damuna shine 18-20 ° C, a cikin hunturu 12-15 ° C. Yanayin zafi, mai daɗewa, don nau'in tsiro a cikin tsaunuka na iya haifar da cutar shuka.
Lokacin hutawa a cikin yanayi yana tilasta (daga Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu) saboda ƙananan haske da zafi.
Watse
Nepentes ƙaunataccen ruwa ne, amma mafi buƙaci akan yanayin zafi, amma ƙasa bai kamata ta bushe ba, amma kada ta kasance overlogged ruwa. Don ban ruwa, yana da kyawawa don amfani da ruwan sama ko ruwa a zazzabi a zazzabi mai ɗumi tare da ƙananan abun ciki na salts ma'adinai, an fi so a yi amfani da ƙananan ban ruwa. A lokacin rani, shayar da alheri. A cikin kaka-hunturu lokacin shayar sparingly, a rana ko biyu bayan saman Layer na substrate ta bushe. A zazzabi na 16 ° C da ke ƙasa, a hankali a shayar da shi da ɗan ruwa kaɗan.
Jin zafi
Nepentes yana buƙatar zafi (70-90%) gumi. A gida, yana girma cikin nasara a cikin lambuna masu laushi, florariums, da sauran wurare na musamman tare da babban iska, a cikin yanayi na ɗakin talakawa yana jin daɗi - maharbayan sun bushe da sauri cikin bushe bushe. Don spraying, yana da kyau a yi amfani da ruwan sama ko ruwan da aka zazzage a zazzabi a ɗakuna tare da ƙarancin abun ciki na salts ma'adinai. Don hawan zafi a kewayen shuka, sai a tukunya tukunya da shi a kan akwatina tare da daskararren laka ko peat, ta amfani da humidifiers. Hakanan ana ƙara ƙara tsabta, mai laushi, ruwa mai tsafta a cikin furannin ruwan, yana cika su 1/3.
Taki
Ana iya ciyar da shi a lokacin bazara kowane mako 2-3 tare da talakawa ciyawar takin alkama, kawai maida hankali da aka yi amfani dashi sau 3 ƙasa. Yawancin lambu suna amfani da takin gargajiya (saniya ko taki doki) maimakon takin gargajiya. Haka kuma akwai ra'ayi cewa tare da takaddama mai yawa da yawa, ƙwayoyin ruwa ba su samar ba. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, zaku iya ciyar da tsire-tsire ta halitta ta hanyar furannin ruwa amma ba sau da yawa sau 1-2 a wata kuma ba duk jakan buƙatar buƙatar ciyar da kai tsaye ba, amma bi da bi zuwa 50% zuwa 50%, kuma zaku iya watsi da takin zamani, sauro da kwari (jefa su cikin tukunya), wasu don wannan dalili suna amfani da nama, cuku gida.
Juyawa
Ana dasa kwayar cutar Nepentes ne kawai lokacin da ya cancanta a bazara; idan akwai jaka a kan kusoshin, tukunyar ya dace da girman shuka kuma yana jin daɗi, babu buƙatar yin hanzarin dasawar. Nepentes suna girma sosai cikin kwanduna na orchids, tukunyar filawa, rataye a cikin tukwane, wanda ya zama ya zama akalla 14 cm a diamita. An shirya orchid substrate da tukunya (ɗan ƙaramin girma) tare da ramuka masu yawa (ko kwandon) an shirya don dasawa da Nepentes don ruwa mai yawa zai iya fitar da ruwa bayan ban ruwa.
Abun da yakamata don dasawa zai iya kasancewa kamar haka: filayen ƙasa, peat, yashi (3: 2: 1) tare da ƙari na sphagnum da gawayi. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da abun da ke ciki mai zuwa azaman substrate: 2 sassan peat, 2 sassan perlite da 1 ɓangare na vermiculite ko polystyrene. A shuka ba ya amsa da kyau zuwa ga high acidity na kasar gona. Don kada tushen lalacewar lokacin dasawa, ana tura Nepentes zuwa wani sabon tukunya ba tare da damun tushen ƙwayar cuta ba, yana ƙara sabon substrate.
Nepentes shine kashin baya. Upload Flickr shigar da botKulawa
Nepentes tsire-tsire ne mai hoto. Tare da isasshen hasken wuta, haɓakar al'ada tana da damuwa. Wannan inji na bukatar yawan ruwa. Yana da mahimmanci koyaushe don tabbatar da cewa ƙasa ta kasance danshi.
Amfani da Nepentes na iya haɗawa da moss, haushi da peat waɗanda aka ɗauka a daidai sassan. A kasan tukunya a lokacin da dasa shuki saka malalewa Layer. Ana yin juyi sau ɗaya a shekara, a cikin bazara.
Mafi kyawun zazzabi don ci gaban Nepentes shine 22-25 ° C. Ma'aikatan ƙwayoyin cuta ba za su iya buƙatar haduwa ba.
Don ƙarfafa shaƙatawa, tsofaffin samfurori ana ɗaukar nauyinsu a bazara. Ana iya amfani da yankan ƙabe don yaɗa shuka.
Yawancin hybrids suna yaduwa ta hanyar apical ko tushe mai tushe, mafi kyau a cikin ƙwayar moss sphagnum, ta yin amfani da tushen haɓaka ƙwayar a cikin karamin-greenhouse a zazzabi na akalla digiri 25 da zafi. Ana kafa tushe a cikin watanni 2.5.
Nepentes Raja. © NepGrowerKiwo
La'akari da cewa nepenthes girma da sauri sosai kuma a lokaci guda na bukatar adanar don girma, ba tare da abin da samuwar pitchers tsaya, sau da yawa shuka shuka fara sama da yawa sarari. Akwai hanya daya kawai - cuttings. Tabbas zaka iya yankan kawai ka jefa, amma ni da kaina nayi nadama. Kamar yadda na tuna, tsawon lokacin da zan nemi Nepentes a cikin shagunanmu da kuma farashin su, koda a cikin mawuyacin hali. Bugu da ƙari, Ina da kyawawan Nepentes, tare da jarkoki masu haske.
Dole ne a wanke tukwane da kyau, zai fi dacewa da samfuran chlorine. Bayan - tabbatar da kurkura tare da distillate.
Abun da yakamata shine: peat - kwakwa-firam-moss sphagnum (5-3-2); zaku iya ƙara wasu ƙarin vermiculite. Cikakken cakuda dole ne a sanya shi a cikin obin na cikin mintina 15 (a cikin rigar da aka yi shi a baya).
Za'a iya yanke yankan kowane lokaci na shekara, amma zai fi dacewa a bazara. Ya kamata a yanke gero da wuka mai kaifi ko mafi kyau tare da ruwa (tsabta).
A kan abin hannu yakamata a sami ganye akalla 3 wanda ya kamata a yanke fiye da rabin (a saman hannun wanda za'a iya barin karamin ganye). Yanke na minti 30 ana sanya su a cikin akwati tare da tushe.
Sannan an zuba ƙasa da aka shirya cikin tukunyar, an yi ta kwarara, kuma a yi rami domin riƙewa. Bayan dasa shuki da stalk, ƙara substrate, wanda ya sa stalk ba kasa da 0.5 cm a cikin ƙasa, a karshe tamp kasar gona da zube da substrate da distillate. To, inji an yaɗu da yaduwar ƙwayar itace tare da kaffara don guje wa lalacewa. Yankakkun cutan sune mafi kyawu ko kuma an yayyafa su da gawayi.
Dole ne a adana tukwane tare da yankan a cikin greenhouse, cikin kyakkyawan haske kuma a zazzabi ba ƙasa da 23 ° C.
Bayan kwanaki 10-15, dole ne a zubar da ƙasa da tsire-tsire tare da fesa tare da maganin Zircon 2-3 saukad da 200 ml. distilled ruwa. Rooting yana tsawan wata daya da rabi. Bayan makonni 2, zai rigaya ya bayyana ko an fara sare ko ba a yanke ba. Idan ya yi duhu, to, rashin alheri, wannan shine ƙarshen. Yanke yakamata su ba da sabon ci gaban, kuma a farkon ganyayen jaki za su samar. A kowane hali ya kamata ku taɓa kuma ku bar matsar. Wannan zai lalata tushen sa. Yana da kyau a dasa shi kawai bayan shekara guda, canja wuri zuwa tukunya mafi girma.
Dole ne mu manta cewa ƙasa a cikin Nepentes kada ta bushe sosai. A cikin cut, ya kamata koyaushe ya kasance mai ɗanushi, amma ba m. Ko da maɗaukacin shuka ya mayar da martani ga bushewa mai zafi nan da nan ta hanyar bushe jugs Amma baya kallon kwalliya kwata-kwata.
Nepentes yi haƙuri cuttings sosai. A kan ragowar kara, sababbin haɓakawa suna da sauri cikin sauri (a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa), wanda nan da nan suka fara yin ado da shuka tare da sababbin jugs.
Nepentes sun kumbura. Mai kwalliyaDabbobi
Kasuwancin Nepenthes (Nepenthes alata).
Gida na - Filipinas. Wannan shi ne ɗayan nau'ikan nau'ikan jijiyoyi a cikin al'ada.
Madagascar Madagascar (Madagascar Madaricariensis Poir.). Rarraba a Madagascar. Tsarin kwari na ciyawa mai tsinkaye 60-90 cm tsayi. Bar kwa-lanceolate. Jugs suna da yawa, har zuwa 25 cm tsayi, mai fiɗa, rasberi. Lid a cikin manyan gland. Girma a cikin dumi da kuma m greenhouses.
Kankana rafflesiana (Nurara rafflesiana).
Gida - Kalimantan, Sumatra. Epiphytus. Ganyen suna m, lanceolate, har zuwa 50 cm tsayi kuma har zuwa 10 m. Jak 10-20 cm tsayi, 7-10 cm m, kore kore, tare da ja spots da ratsi, a kan dogon eriya, shuɗi ciki, tare da ja aibobi. Yada ko'ina cikin greenhouse floriculture.
Truncated Nepenthes (Nepenthes truncata).
Yana da wani nau'in halitta mai ban sha'awa ga tsibirin Mindanao a Philippines. Yana girma a kan tsaunin tuddai na budewa a tsawon 230 zuwa 600 m; yana da nau'ikan da ke girma a tsaunuka. N. truncata yana da manya-manyan jaka da za su iya kaiwa zuwa 50 cm a tsayi.
Guda biyu-Nepentes (Nepenthes bicalcarata).
Homeasar Gida - Borneo, yayi girma a cikin fadama a nisan da ya kai 1000 m sama da matakin teku. Ganyenta ya kai tsawon 60 cm, kuma mahaɗan gwal 5-13 cm ne.
Ana rarraba Nepentes zuwa nau'ikan da ke haɓaka cikin tsaunuka da ƙananan ƙasashe. Yankunan da ke girma a cikin ƙananan kwari suna da mafi girma kuma mafi launuka masu launi fiye da nau'in tsiro a cikin tsaunuka, kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin kulawa Ciesabilar da ke girma a cikin tsaunuka sun fi son ƙananan yanayin zafi (ba ƙasa da 10 ° С) ba, kuma nau'in haɓaka a cikin ƙananan ƙananan sun fi son ƙasa da 15 ° С.
Nepentes sun kumbura. Mai kwalliya
