Sesawannin shayi na zamani sune shahararrun rukuni na wardi na fure-fure. Wannan shine ainihin aristocrat tsakanin wardi. Sunan “matasan shayi” ya fito ne saboda waɗannan furanni sun fito ne daga tsoffin shayi. Itatuwan shayi suna da ƙanshin sabbin shayi da kyawawan furanni. Koyaya, basu da tsayayya da yanayin yanayi kuma basu isa tsayayya da cuta. Bayan shekaru da yawa na zaɓi, nau'ikan shayi-matasan sun sami ci gaba, wanda don waɗannan alamomin sun bambanta sosai da magabata. A cikin wannan labarin za mu magana game da su.
Takaitaccen Tea Rose, Midas Touch.
Ya fasalta nau'ikan rukunin shayi-matasan
Groupungiyar hybrida roan wardi na matasan suna ɗauke da mafi mashahuri na duk wardi na lambun. Yana da nau'ikan launuka tare da babban adadin bambance-bambancen launi, ƙanshi da siffar fure. Shuke-shuke suna da manyan furanni kuma suna samar da daji na ƙanana ko matsakaici. Idan ana so, yana da sauƙi isa a ba su daidaitaccen tsari. Suna da kyau don ƙananan lambuna.
Guy na Faransa na farko Guyot ya samu nau'ikan farko na wannan rukunin ("La Faransa") a 1867 ta hanyar ƙetare daga gyaran "Madame Victor Verdier" tare da shayi ya tashi "Madame Bravi".
Wardi na wannan rukunin ya wuce dukkan siffofin da nau'ikan da aka san su da halayen su. Sun haɗu da mafi kyawun kaddarorin na asali. Daga shagon shayi, sun gaji kyakkyawan kyakkyawan furen, ƙanshi mai daɗi da ikon iya kusan kusan ci gaba da yalwar abubuwa, kuma daga masu gyara, hardarfin itace da dangin hunturu.
Al'adun shayi na zamani sun sha bamban ta hanyar kyawawan abubuwan da suka shafi furanni da na musamman launinsu. Su ne fari, rawaya, ruwan hoda, purple, lemo, ja, da sautunan canzawa da yawa, haka kuma sautin biyu ko canza launi yayin da suka yi fure.
Iri shayi-matasan wardi sun bambanta a hanyoyi da yawa: tsawo daga cikin bushes daga 50 zuwa 90 cm, sifar yana daga yaduwa zuwa ga kunkuntar dala. Ganyen wasu nau'ikan suna da taushi, yayin da wasu kuma masu kauri, fata, matte ko m. Furanni suna da ninki biyu kuma suna da daga furanni 20 zuwa 128 tare da diamita na 8-15 cm akan farfajiya sau da yawa ana samun furanni 5-7, kuma tsawonta ya bambanta daga 20 zuwa 80 cm. Furen yana da ƙanshi.
A tsakiyar Rasha, matasan shayi wardi fure a kusa da Yuni 20 da kuma Bloom har zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Ba su da ƙarancin hunturu fiye da na masu gyara kuma daskare su a zazzabi -8 ° С ko -10 ° С, amma idan an rufe su, sukan yi hunturu da kyau. A zamanin yau, sun mamaye matsayi na gaba tsakanin sauran nau'ikan wardi kuma ana amfani da su sosai a cikin tsiron ornamental da amfanin gona na kore don samar da furanni da aka yanke.
Sabbin shahararrun shayi irin na zamani
Rose "Amincewar Amurka." Furanni masu duhu ja, mara nauyi, tare da duhun duhu, goblet, har zuwa 15 cm a diamita, ninki biyu (40-50 petals), mai rauni-yadu, ɗayan kuma 5-7 a inflorescences. Bushes suna da tsayi (80 cm), mai yawa, girma mai girma, ganye mai girma, launin kore mai duhu. Flow yana da yawa. Yawancin suna da kyau sosai ga dasa shuki da yankan.
Tashi "Kushin Kwallo Walter". Furanni masu launin ja, mara nauyi, suna da babban cibiyar, babba (10-12 cm a diamita), ninka har zuwa furanni 30, tare da ƙanshin ƙanshi, guda ɗaya da 5-7 a cikin inflorescences. Bushes suna da tsayi (110-140cm). Ganyen suna da girma, kore mai duhu, mai launin fata da ƙamshin tagulla. Flow yana da yawa. A iri-iri ne sosai tsayayya da cututtukan fungal. Ya dace da dasa rukunin yankan da yankan.
Tashi "Alexander". Tare da furanni masu cin wuta-cinnabar-ja-fure mai launin shuɗi wanda ya kai girman 10 cm, terry (22-27 petals). Su ne dan kadan m, na iya zama Kadaita kuma a inflorescences. Bushes suna da ƙarfi (100 cm), dan kadan yaduwa, mai jigon furanni, manyan harbe. Flow yana da yawa kuma yana da tsawo. Hardness na hunturu yana da kyau, tsayayya da cututtukan fungal - ma. Daban-daban ya dace da shuka plantings da yankan.
Hybrid Tea Rose, Sau biyu.
Rosa "Baron Edmond de Rothschild." Yana da furanni masu launi biyu: launin shuɗi-rasberi a waje, furen rasberi mai haske tare da fari zuwa gindi - akan ciki. Furannin furanni ne goblet, tare da diamita na 10-11 cm, terry (45-52 petals), mai kamshi sosai, galibi basu da aure. Bushes suna da girma - har zuwa 110 cm, masu rikitarwa sosai, ganyayyaki suna da yawa, fata, mai haske; blooms profusely. Yawancin shine hunturu-Hardy kuma ya dace da girma cikin rukuni.
Tashi "Wienerwald". Furannin furanni sune ruwan hoda-ruwan hoda, mai haske, tare da ruwan fure, mai kaman kifi, 9-10 cm a diamita, ninki biyu (55-65 petals), dan kadan kamshi, keɓewa da tattara a cikin ƙananan inflorescences. Bushes 70-80 cm tsayi, mai yawa, karami. Ganyen suna da girma, kore mai duhu, mai launin fata, mai sheki. Yana blooms profusely kuma na dogon lokaci. Yawancin suna da kyau don dasawa cikin rukuni, don al'ada al'ada da yankan.
Tashi "Dam de Coeur". Furannin suna da launin ja, ja, 11-12 cm a diamita, ninki biyu (sittin sittin), dan kadan mai kamshi, mai jurewa. Bushes suna da ƙarfi 80-100 cm tsayi, mai yawa, madaidaiciya. A ganye ne duhu kore, m. Yana blooms profusely. Hardness hunturu ne sosai high. Daban-daban ya dace don haɓaka cikin rukuni, don yankan da daidaitaccen al'adu.
Tashi "Die Welt". Yana da furannin furanni a gindi da kuma rawaya a waje. An bambanta furanni ta babban cibiyar, 11 cm a diamita, densely ninki biyu (65 petals), dan kadan m, duka guda kuma a cikin inflorescences. Motocin suna da girma, 90-120 cm tsayi, mai yawa, m. Ganyen suna da yawa, launin fata, mai sheki. Yana blooms profusely kuma ci gaba. Daban-daban ya dace don ƙirƙirar ƙungiyoyi, don yankan da daidaitaccen al'adu.
Tashi "Doris Tistermann". Furannin furanni sune tangerine-orange, kyakkyawa a cikin siffa, tare da babban cibiyar, diamita 11-12 cm, ninki biyu (28-35 petals), ɗan ƙanshi kaɗan, mafi yawa basu da yawa. Bushes suna da girma - 100-135 cm, madaidaiciya. Ganyen suna da girma, kore-kore, launin fata, mai ɗan haske. Yana blooms profusely. Iri-iri suna da kyau ga rukunoni da yanka.
Tashi "Duftwolke." Furanni suna da haske sosai, daga murjani mai launin ja zuwa geranium ja, tare da diamita na 10-11 cm, kyakkyawa ne a sifa, terry (25-30 petals), mai kamshi sosai, wanda aka tattara cikin inflorescences - har zuwa 10 inji mai kwakwalwa. a daya. A bushes suna da tsayi sosai - har zuwa 1 m, tare da madaidaiciya harbe da sosai m. Ganyen suna duhu kore, launin fata. Yana blooms profusely. Yankin hunturu ya yi yawa.
Tashi "Star Maraice". Yana samar da fararen furanni tare da launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi a gindi, tare da babban cibiyar, diamita har zuwa 11 cm, ninki biyu (40-45 petals), ƙanshi, keɓewa kuma cikin inflorescences. Hannun safa har zuwa 80 cm. Ganya babba suna da girma, koren duhu, mai launin fata. Yana blooms profusely. Hardness na hunturu a tsakiyar layin ya isa sosai. Yawancin suna da kyau ga ƙungiyoyi, yankan, al'ada al'ada.
Rosa Chrysler Imperial. Furannin suna da duhu ja tare da launin karammiski mai launi-baki, tare da babban cibiyar, diamita na har zuwa 11 cm, ninki biyu (furanni 40-50), mai kamshi sosai. Bushes suna girma ne, 80 cm tsayi, m. Ganye suna duhu kore, Semi-m. Yana blooms profusely. A iri ne hunturu Hardy. Ya dace da ƙungiyoyi da yanke.
Rosa "Cordes cikakke." Kayan fure-fure tare da kara mai launin shuɗi mai duhu a gefuna da yellowness a gindin, tare da babban cibiyar, diamita na 11-12 cm, densely ninki biyu (60-70 petals), mai kamshi sosai. Areasashen bushes suna madaidaiciya, har zuwa tsayi cm cm 80. Ganyen suna duhu kore, mai launin fata, mai sheƙi. Yana blooms profusely. Yankin hunturu ya yi yawa.
Rosa "Crepe de Chin". Furannin suna da jigon launin ja tare da tataccen ruwan lemo, da aka zana, har zuwa 10 cm a diamita, ninki biyu (25-30 petals), ɗan ƙanshi kaɗan. Areasashen bushes suna madaidaiciya, tsayin cm 60. Ganyayyaki masu duhu ne, masu launin fata, masu sheƙi. Yana blooms profusely. Hardness hunturu a tsakiyar layin yana da matukar girma.
Tashi "Criteron". Yana siffa mai ruwan hoda-ja, m, furanni masu kyan gani, tare da nasihar har zuwa 10 cm, terry (petals 30), mai kamshi. Bushes suna da tsayi (har zuwa 100 cm) kuma madaidaiciya. A ganye ne duhu kore, m. Blooms tare. Winters suna haƙuri da kyau. Ya dace da girma cikin rukuni da yankan.
Tashi "Lady X." Pink-purple, furanni masu goblet na wannan nau'ikan suna da peculiar - suna da babban tsakiya da diamita na 12 cm. Suna da yawa ninki biyu (har kusan filayen 50), ɗan ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, daɗaɗa kai da kuma a cikin bayanan inji 3 na inji mai kwakwalwa. a kowane. Bushes suna da kuzari (har zuwa 120 cm) a tsaye, mai ƙyalli. Ganyen suna da girma, kore mai duhu, mai launin fata. Bloom profusely. Yankin hunturu yana da kyau. Yawancin ya dace da ƙungiyoyi da yanke.
Ganyen Shayi mai laushi, Lambar Zinare.
Rose "Le Rouge e le Noir". Furanni masu duhu ja, suna da fure mai dumbin yawa, har ya kai 13 cm a diamita, ninki biyu (25-30 petals), ɗan ɗanɗano mai kamshi. Bushes suna da girma (har zuwa 110 cm), mai yawa. Blooms tare. Yankin hunturu ya yi yawa.
Rosa "Mainzer Fastnacht". Furannin furanni sune 'Lilac', mai kwalliya a sifa, mai nunin girman har zuwa 10 cm, ninki biyu (filayen 40) kuma mai kamshi sosai. Arearshen bushes suna madaidaiciya da madaidaiciya tsayi - har zuwa 90 cm. Ganye suna duhu kore, fata. Yana blooms profusely. Yawancin shine hunturu-Hardy kuma ya dace don dasawa cikin rukuni, yankan da tilasta.
Rosa "Mr. Lincoln." Furannin suna da duhu ja, karammiski, kamshi, tare da babban cibiyar, diamita na 12 cm, ninki biyu (har zuwa filayen 40). Bushes suna da ƙarfi - har zuwa 90 cm kuma kafa. Ganyen suna duhu kore, launin fata. Blossoms matsakaici, amma tsayi da ci gaba. A iri-iri ne quite hunturu-Hardy a tsakiyar layi.
Rose "ta samo amana." Furanni na wannan iri-iri, mai duhu mai duhu tare da zane mai ban sha'awa na kamannin goblet, yawanci suna da diamita na 10-11 cm, terry (filayen 40-50), dan kadan mai ƙanshi kuma an shirya daban. Bushes madaidaiciya, 80-90 cm tsayi, mai yawa. Ganyen suna duhu kore, launin fata. Blooms tare. Hardness na hunturu yana da isasshen isa. Ya dace da dasa shuki cikin rukuni da kuma yankan.
Siffofin girma matasan shayi wardi
Roba mai shayi wardi Bloom daga ƙarshen Yuni har faɗuwar kuma suna da yawa. Itatimin fure yana daga marigayi Yuni zuwa ƙarshen Yuli, sannan kuma bayan ɗan gajeren hutu, raƙuman fure na biyu ya fara tashi, ya ƙare har zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Saboda haka, shayi matasan wardi suna halin kusan ci gaba da fure.
An dasa fure a cikin bazara wanda ya sa shafin grafting ya zama 2-3 cm a ƙasa na ƙasa. Ana yin dantse a cikin bazara, bazara da kaka. Komawar bazara ita ce babba. Da farko dai, samuwar daji ya dogara da shi. Komawar Spring na wardi farawa nan da nan bayan buɗewar ƙarshe na tsire-tsire bayan hunturu ko lokacin dasa shuki.
An yanke ɓangaren ɓangaren harbe ba tare da bambance bambancen ba, ana yin gajeren harbe har zuwa 10-15 cm, barin 2-3 ingantaccen buds a kansu, a kan masu rauni - 1-2. Lokacin dasa kaka, ana yin pruning a cikin bazara, nan da nan bayan cire tsari.
Roawan furanni masu shayarwa ba su da cikakken tsayayya da sanyi, saboda haka suna buƙatar tsari mai kyau don hunturu kuma, idan akwai, hunturu da kyau.
Cutar da kwari
Idan kuka lura da abin da kuka shuka, da zaran kun ga kwari ko gane wata cuta - wannan zai ba ku damar magance ta sosai.
Cututtukan naman gwari
Hanyoyin causative sune fungi parasitic Fungi suna rayuwa ne daga abubuwan gina jiki da shuka ke karba. An sauƙaƙe rarraba su ta hanyar zafi mai zafi, ƙarancin zafi, da takin mai ƙunshi nitrogen. Fungi yana yaduwa ta hanyar spores da aka kwashe ta cikin iska, don haka cututtuka ke yadawa da sauri.
Mafi na kowa cututtuka na wardi ne baki ganye tabo, tsatsa da kuma mil powderw.
Tsatsa: Ingancin wannan cuta ita ce cewa ɓarna da ke haifar da naman gwari, kafin ta hau kan fure, suna buƙatar tsaka-tsakin shuka na wata nau'in, alal misali, juniper. Kada ku dasa wardi kusa da juniper.
Downy mildew: yana faruwa idan bazara tayi ruwa. Moshe yana bayyana a ƙasan farfajiya na takardar, wanda ke juya zuwa launin ruwan kasa ko launin shuɗi. Don hana yaduwar cutar, ya kamata a dasa wardi a cikin wurin da ke da iska mai kyau, kuma ya kamata a lalata ganyen da ya shafa.
Platin Sooty: naman gwari suna haddasa shi zaune akan zaki mai narkewa wanda aphids yake bari. Colonan mulkin mallaka na Fan adam suna rufe ganye tare da dunƙule baki mai santsi. Don magance aphids, ana fesa wardi tare da maganin sabulu-barasa.
Grey rot: Yana tasiri furanni, furanni, ganye, da harbe. Bayan wani lokaci, haske mai launin toka mai haske akan su, kazalika da wuraren lalata launin ruwan kasa, waɗanda ke haifar da mutuwar sassan da aka shafa na shuka. An baza furen da ke da cuta tare da kayan ƙirar cinya, ana yanke sassan da keɓaɓɓun.
Cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo guda biyu: Yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta suna shiga shuka ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa ko kuma lokacin da aka goge su da kayan aikin tsaftataccen isasshen. Tare da shan kashi na hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri cututtuka, fure zama abundantasa da yawa, girma da bunƙasa na shuka slows ,asa, cikin ganyayyaki haskaka. Don hana waɗannan cututtukan, ya kamata ku ɓata kayan aikin a hankali, ku yi yaƙi da kwari waɗanda ke zama jigilar ƙwayoyin cuta; tsire-tsire masu lalacewa suna lalacewa.
Ganyen shayi a cikin lambun fure.
Karin kwari da wardi
Kwaro: a cikin nau'i na tsutsa ko matafila, suna cin ganyayyaki, harbe matasa, tushen ko fure. Insectswararru tsofaffi suna tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga garesu kuma suna iya zama masu ɗaukar kamuwa da cututtukan hoto.
Mafi yawan kwari mafi yawan su ne aphids, kwari sikelin, ganye, filayen fure, fure-fure, fure da fure cicadas.
- Leaflet: 'yan kanana masu saukar ungulu suna kwance jikunansu a jikin rassan, inda suke zama cikin lokacin hunturu. A cikin bazara daga cikinsu caterpillars launin ruwan kasa suna bayyana, har zuwa 15 mm tsawo. Suna cin ganye da ganye, sannan kuma a haɗa ganyen da cobwebs kuma a kebe a cikin gidan. An cire yanar gizo da ganye mai murguda baki da lalacewa. Tare da lalacewa mai tsanani, ana amfani da kwari.
- Macijin maciji: caterpillars kore suna cin ganye, ganye da matasa harbe. An yanke wuraren kuma da aka lalata.
- Yanke kwayoyi: sun sa su testicles da farko a kan harbe na daji wardi. A wannan yanayin, an samar da launin kore mai launin ja, mai ratsa jiki, daga abin da larvae ya fito fili sannan ya fito. Harbe shafi hankali mutu kashe. Idan an gano ci gaban, ya kamata a yanke harbe kuma a lalata.
- Spider mites: Waɗannan dabbobin ba kwari bane, amma ƙananan kwari ne. Musamman masu haɗari shine jan gizo-gizo gizo. Ya tsotse ruwan ruwan daga shuka, har ya zama ya zama rawaya ya mutu. Yakan cutar da mafi yawan rauni a lokacin rani mai zafi, bushe.
- Karin kwari da ke haifar da lalacewa - nematodes - Tsutsotsi masu launuka marasa haske 0,5 mm mm, tsayi akan tushen tsire-tsire. Sanadin shuka tsirarwa da samuwar thickenings a kan Tushen. An cire tsire-tsire da aka shafa, a cikin sa shekaru da yawa ana dasa, alal misali, calendula, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga ɓacewar ƙwayoyin nematodes.
Kuma wadanne nau'ikan fure-shayi-matasan ne suke girma a lambun ku? Raba kwarewar ka game da kara su a cikin sharhi kan labarin ko kuma a Taron mu.
