Yin gaggawa na tsire-tsire na cikin gida

Idan akwai matsaloli a cikin ci gaba na tsire-tsire na cikin gida wanda ba za'a iya magance shi ta hanyar gyara na kulawa mai sauƙi ba, to lallai ne ku nemi wurin da ake kira jigilar gaggawa. Waɗannan "hanyoyin" na ƙarshe "ne, waɗanda aka aiwatar kawai idan akwai wani mummunan rauni, raunin da ya lalace a cikin tushen sakamakon ruwa mara amfani ko yaduwar kwari da cututtuka. Canza ƙarfi da canji a lokutan da ba'a taɓa yin hakan ba na iya ajiye tsirran da lalata shi. A cikin jigilar gaggawa, abu mafi mahimmanci shine dacewar da daidaiton hanyar da kanta.

Canjin cikin gida.

Nau'in nau'ikan rikodin gaggawa don tsirrai na cikin gida

Juyin gaggawa na tsire-tsire na cikin gida shine matakan da koyaushe suna komawa zuwa ƙarshe, lokacin da sauran hanyoyin sarrafawa suka ƙare. Ana aiwatar dasu ne kawai lokacin da kowane bata lokaci wajen canza ƙasa zai iya haifar da mutuwar shuka. Gaggawa gaggawa gaggawa:

• tare da mummunan lalacewa ta hanyar kwari da cututtuka, abubuwan da ba su dace ba da yanayin canji, a cikin abin da shuka ya mutu sakamakon ƙonewa, ɓarna, ruwa, kamuwa da ƙasa, matsanancin acidity;
• Irin wannan karuwa a cikin rhizome, wanda yake rufe kullun dunƙule, fara farawa daga tukunyar kuma shuka tana shan wahala sosai daga rashin ƙasa, abinci mai gina jiki da danshi.

Akwai abu na uku: ana aiwatar da aikin gaggawa idan shuka ta kasance a cikin halin ɓacin rai, yana dakatar da haɓaka, amma duk sauran abubuwan an cire su kuma zargin da aka haifar da matsalar shine zaɓi mara kyau na ƙasa ko matsalolin marasa ganuwa tare da maye da ƙarfin. Bayan an cire su daga tukunyar, suna bincika kuma suna yanke shawarar wane zaɓi don amfani dashi don jigilar gaggawa.

Dangane da haka, tare da nau'ikan matsalolin biyu da ake warware su ta amfani da jigilar gaggawa, ana la'akari da nau'ikan matsalolin guda biyu:

• mai sauyawa a lokaci mai ƙaran gaske don faɗaɗa sarari don ci gaban tushe.
• hadadden tsari ko cikakke;

Yana faruwa ne kawai lokacin da ya zama dole, duk da matakan haɓakar tsiro, shawarwari don al'adun musamman da lokacin ƙaddamar dashi. Ana iya aiwatar da duka biyu yayin lokacin girma, da kuma lokacin hutawa.

Tushen tsarin gidan ciyawar da ya cika tukunya.

1. Sauyi mai sauƙin ɗakunan gida na yanayin gaggawa

Idan al'adun sun cika makil da yawa a cikin akwati da aka zaɓa, Tushen ya cika gaba ɗaya har ma da fita daga ramuka don magudanar ruwa, tsire-tsire sun fara fama da ƙarancin ƙasa da albarkatunsa, to bai kamata ku jinkirta lokacin dasawa ba kuma jira kwanakin kwanakin. Ba a kira irin wannan canjin gaggawa ba da haɗari, saboda ana aiwatar da shi a zahiri gwargwadon ka'idodi iri ɗaya kamar kowane dasawar shuka. Wannan juyawa ne bisa kan bukatar.

Don al'adun da abin ya shafa, kawai suna zaɓa wani akwati na mafi girman diamita, wanda zai ba da damar maye gurbin yawancin abin da ake buƙata tare da sabo, ƙara sabon ƙasa da samar da rhizome tare da isasshen sarari don haɓaka kyauta.
Ya kamata kulawa ta musamman don zaɓin mafi girman tanki. Kasancewar tsire-tsire sun cika da yawa a cikin tukunya ba ya nufin cewa ana buƙatar kulawa da shi a cikin babban akwati - sau da yawa mafi girma fiye da wanda ya gabata. Ko da a cikin canjin gaggawa, ba shi da mahimmanci don ƙara ƙarfin ta fiye da 15% na ƙarar tukunya ta baya a kowane yanayi.

Ya yi girma girma da sabon akwati, har ma a cikin tsiro-girma da tsirrai masu tasowa, zai sa kawai dabbobinku suyi duk kokarin sa na bunkasa rhizome, kuma zaku jira watanni don ganin sakamakon da ake gani a cikin haɓaka. Bayan haka, don ci gaba da haɓaka da kuma dawo da kyawun ganye, har ma fiye da haka, irin wannan shuka na iya yin fure kawai lokacin da rhizome ya "ƙware" yawancin ƙasa. Hanyar da ta fi dacewa shine a auna diamita na tsohuwar tukunyar da shuka ke tsirowa kuma ƙara goma daga ciki. Zai zama da sauƙi a zaɓi akwati daidai da wannan alamar.

Amma sauran zaɓuɓɓukan ganga suna da mahimmanci. Game da dasawa cikin gaggawa, hade da buƙatar ƙara girman tukunyar cikin hanzari, kada kuyi gwaje-gwaje kuma ku canza yanayin girma na tsirrai. Tabbatar cewa siffar kwandon, ko kuma rabo daga falo da tsayin tukunya, gaba daya ya sake maimaita wanda yake shirin, yana da adadin ramuka na guda. Abinda kawai za'a iya canzawa shine kayan da aka sanya tukwane: dasawa daga kwandon filastik zuwa cikin mai tsara halitta zai zama abu mai dacewa ga kowane nau'in jigilar gaggawa.

Don canja wuri na gaggawa na wani nau'in mai sauƙi, ya kamata a tuna da ƙarin ƙa'idodin tsarin aikin:

• a cikin akwati kada kuyi amfani da takin mai magani na tsirrai don tsirrai, kuma ku ci gaba da ciyar da al’ada babu ƙarshen wata guda bayan dasawa;
• yi amfani da waɗannan abubuwan don sanya magudanar da tsire-tsire ko magudanar ruwa tare da ingantattun halaye ana amfani dasu ga;
• yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye rabo daga tsayin magudanar ruwa da kauri daga ƙasa ƙasa a cikin tukunyar;
• zabar kasar gona, zabi samfurin da ya dace da takamaiman shuka, nazarin sigogin acidity da abun da ake so.

Hanyar don sauyawa na dasa shuki:

1. A hankali cire tsire-tsire daga cikin tsohon akwati; Idan wannan yana da wuya, gwada matsa tukunyar kuma kawai a lokuta na gaggawa, koma ga yankan dabin cikin kwandon.
2. Bayan cire shuki, cire kawai saman gurɓataccen ƙasa ƙasa, idan ba ta da tushen sa. Kada kuyi ƙoƙarin girgizawa, cire ko wanke ƙasa kamar yadda zai yiwu kuma kada ku cutar da damuwar shuka: tare da nau'in sauƙaƙewa, "akan buƙata", an kiyaye dunƙarar dunƙarar.
3. Lura da irin shuka iri ɗaya wacce ta kasance a cikin tukunyar da ta gabata (sai dai lokacin da aka ɗaga tushen farar ƙasa sama da matakin ƙasa - to ya kamata a yayyafa shi da ƙasa mai bakin ciki).
4. Tsire-tsire suna nan da nan bayan irin wannan saurin gaggawa ya kamata a wadata su da yawan shayarwa, kuma daga hanya ta biyu, canza zuwa yanayin yanayin da aka saba. Yi ƙoƙarin sanya tsirrai a cikin tsaka-tsakin yanayi, mai laushi na akalla sati guda sannan kawai ka dawo da su zuwa yanayin da aka saba.

2. Canjin yanayin gaggawa

Hanyar da ake aiwatarwa yayin yaduwar tushen lalacewa, mummunan lalacewa, acidification na ƙasa, zaɓin nau'in ƙasar da ba ta dace da shuka ba, yaduwar kwari da cututtuka ana yin su ne kawai lokacin da aka kammala sauran matakan. Kafin aiwatar da irin wannan canjin gaggawa, kuna buƙatar gwada duk wata hanya, gami da maganin kwari, fungicides, masu lalata na zamani, cire saman Layer na substrate a cikin tukunya, gaba ɗaya bushe bushewar tarko, canjin yanayi mai kaifi, da sauransu.

Ba a banza ba ne cewa ake kira rikicewar rikicewar gaggawa da ake kira makoma ta ƙarshe: tana yin lahani da yawa ga shuka kuma a cikin ɗayan ita ce ɗayan manyan hanyoyin haɗari don magance matsaloli. Bayan irin wannan juyawa, zai zama da wahala a murmure koda don majincin gida mafi ƙarfi, kuma waɗanda ke cikin rauni a sake dawo da ci gaba na al'ada kuma gabaɗaya na iya zama da wahala. Wannan shine mafi ƙirar duniyar da ke akwai don magance matsalolin, wanda ya kamata a magance shi da gaske a lokuta na gaggawa.

Canjin gaggawa na tsire-tsire na cikin gida wanda ke haifar da cututtuka, kwari, ko buƙatar maye gurbin ƙasa gaba ɗaya saboda yanayin da bai dace ba yana nufin kawai canza canji. Irin wannan juyawa yana shafar matakai da yawa na jiyya na shuka, gami da kusan koyaushe ciki har da pruning da lalatattun sassan rhizome.

Kuma yana yiwuwa a fahimci ainihin matakan da ake buƙata a kowane yanayi kawai bayan shuka, tare da ƙurar ƙasa, an cire shi daga tsohuwar tukunyar. A yayin tsarin cirewa, dole ne a yi aiki da hankali gwargwadon iko, ƙoƙarin rage ƙarin raunin da ya faru. Bayan an yi nazarin tsire-tsire, kuna buƙatar bincika ƙamshin da ke ƙasa kuma ku sake gano matsalar. Kawai sai yakamata a shuka yankan rhizome daga ƙasa.

Muna ɗaukar tsiron da aka dasa daga tukunya.

Muna wanke Tushen tsiron da aka dasa.

Idan ya cancanta, muna rarrabe shuka kuma dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai sabuntawa.

A lokacin jigilar gaggawa na wannan nau'in, ya zama dole don cire tsohuwar ƙasa gaba ɗaya. Kuma yin hakan ba mai sauki bane. Don cire tsohuwar ƙasa gaba ɗaya daga tushen shuka kuma cire ko da ƙananan ƙananan barbashi na ƙasar da abin ya shafa, ya zama dole don aiwatar da hanyoyin masu zuwa:

1. Cire tushen da farko cire sako-sako da ƙasa.
2. Matsa abin da keɓaɓɓu, a hankali girgiza shuka da kuma rarrabe rhizome, cire mafi yawan substrate ta hanyar inji.
3. Wanke rhizome na shuka don cire ragowar ƙasa (don cikakken tsabtatawa a mafi yawan lokuta, kuna buƙatar yin soan soaks tare da canjin ruwa).

Bayan an wanke ƙasa da abin ya shafa daga rhizome na shuka, nan da nan za su fara bincika asalin tushen asalinsu. Duk wani ɓangaren da ya lalace a kan tushen yana buƙatar a yanke shi, a cire duk bushe, lalacewa, wuraren kwari suka lalata har zuwa kyallen takarda masu lafiya. Ya kamata a yi aikin da wuka mai kaifi kawai, a goge shi bayan kowane yanke, ko aƙalla sau da yawa yayin aikin. Yanka a kan tushen ya kamata nan da nan yayyafa da crushed ci.

Bayan an gama cire kayan aikin lalacewar sassan harbe-harben, dole ne a sake tsoma tsire-tsire cikin ruwa mai tsabta don tsabtatawa na ƙarshe. An nutsar da Rhizome cikin ruwa mai tsabta, ruwan dumi na minti 20-30.

Bayan an maimaita wankewa, an wajabta jiyya tare da masu maganin. Don yin wannan, bisa ga umarnin mai ƙira, shirya mafita na maganin kashe kuɗin da ya dace don magance takamaiman matsala, ko aƙalla mafi ƙarancin maganin potassium. Ruwan rhizome yana soyayyen cikin kayan shafewa na minti 30 ko awa 1, a ɗan bushe sannan an sake haɗa kowane sashi da baƙin ƙarfe.

A lokacin da dasawa cikin houseplant, duba yanayin tushen tsarin.

Har ila yau ana yin dasa daskararren da ya ci karo da tsarin kulawa na gaggawa lokacin da ya dace da ka'idodi na musamman. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da sabbin kwantena, amma idan babu buƙatar ƙara saurin su, zaku iya amfani da tsohuwar tukunyar. Ana bi da shi da kyau kuma an gurɓata shi, an tafasa shi da ruwan zãfi kuma a bugu da mersari yana narkewa a cikin maganin maganin fungicide ko potassiumgangan. Matakan na gaba sun kunshi wadannan matakai:

• Wani matattarar ruwa mai tsabta, sabo ne kayan an aza shi a ƙasan ɓarnar da aka lalata ko kuma sabon tanki, kullun yana rufe shi da yashi mai ƙyalli daga sama.
• Ana zubar da tudun ƙasa a saman shimfidar magudanar ruwa, wanda saman shuka aka kafa shi sosai.
• Tushen an shimfiɗa shi a hankali kuma a cikin rarraba, bayan wannan voids tsakanin Tushen an rufe su a hankali tare da substrate kuma dan kadan haɗa ƙasa da dabino.
• Bayan gyara tushen a cikin ƙasa, tukunya ta cika da abin da ke ciki, yana barin sarari kawai don shayarwa mai daɗi.

Wadanda suka sami hadaddun al'adun canjin wuri ana fallasa su a cikin wani wuri mai duhu tare da yanayin zafi daki. Don kwanaki 2-3, don warkar da raunuka a kan tushen kuma ya bushe rhizome, ya kamata a watsar da ruwa (ba a shayar da shuka ko da bayan dasa). Idan yanayin gaggawa ya lalace ta hanyar zafi mai wuce kima, lalacewa ta kasance ko'ina ko kwari ne kawai kwanaki 2-3 bayan dasawa suna aiwatar da talaucin sosai, dan kadan ne kawai yake sanyaya kasar. A cikin makonni 1-2 masu zuwa, ba a cika yin amfani da ruwa ba, tare da ƙaramar adadin danshi, yana barin abin da ke cikin tukunya ya bushe gaba ɗaya tsakanin hanyoyin. Idan al'adar ta kasance ɗayan danshi mai ƙauna kuma yana iya mutuwa a sakamakon fari, to, rashi mahimmancin yawan shayarwa ya kamata a rama ta da yawan zafi.

Bayan karbuwa ta farko, an dasa shukar a hankali kuma sannu a hankali ana canza shi zuwa makamancin ruwa na yau da kullun. A lokaci guda, ana dawo da shi ga yanayin namo wanda aka ba shi shawarar. Ciyarwa za'a iya sake farawa lokacin da akwai alamun farkon girma da sabunta shuka. An zaɓi mita na hanyoyin don kowane takamaiman amfanin gona, amma sashi na takin zamani don miya ta farko an rage shi sau 4, sannan sai a canza tsire-tsire zuwa raguwa-allurai sannan kawai sai an dawo da cikakkiyar kulawa.

Gyara kuma ku bi dukkan cututtukan tushen cututtukan ƙwayar bishiyoyi.

Inganta matsala tana da sauƙi fiye da warware shi.

Hanya mafi sauƙi don guje wa buƙata don tura ƙwayar cikin gaggawa ita ce tabbatar da kulawa ta yau da kullun da ta dace, canjin kwantena na lokaci da sabunta canjin. Bi yadda aka ba da shawarar lokutan turawa, zaɓi nau'in ƙasa mai dacewa don kowane nau'in da iri.

Tsarin bazara na bazara, shekara-shekara don tsirrai matasa kuma tare da yawan lokuta sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2-3 don amfanin gona da girma, zai ba ku damar ku damu da buƙatar shuka ku don dasawa a lokuta da ba a saba ba. Amma sauyawa guda daya bai isa ba. Dole ne a haɗe shi da kulawa ta yadda ya kamata, yana kiyaye duk ka'idodi don haɓaka tsiro iri ɗaya. Kashe manyan abubuwan guda biyu - rashin kulawa da kyau da kuma rashin safarar su - zai ba da damar kauce wa yanayin da tsire-tsire za su buƙaci matakan gaske.

Komai yadda wahalar tsire-tsire masu kulawa ke buƙata, komai irin wahalar da za a samar musu da duk yanayin da ake buƙata, duk matakan yau da kullun suna da sauƙin sauƙi fiye da dasawa ta gaggawa. Musamman idan yazo da batun jigilar gaggawa na nau'in hadaddun. Zai iya yiwuwa koyaushe zai yiwu a ceci tsire-tsire ta hanyar wannan hanyar zuciya; wannan shine na ƙarshe, kuma yana da nisa daga damar da aka samu na warware matsaloli.