Tsarin bishiyoyi - fasa, daskararre da kanana

Idan kun kasance m a cikin fall kuma bai yi farin, a kan mu shawara, da kututture na 'ya'yan itace itatuwa har sai da na farko rassan, tun tsabtace tsohon haushi, kuma ba su kare tushe na Trunks daga rodents, har ma da spruce spruce rassan, to, a cikin bazara wani sosai m mamaki na iya jiran ku a dacha. A cikin wannan labarin, zamuyi la’akari da yiwuwar sakamakon hunturu ga lambun: kunar rana, ragargazawa, fashewar sanyi, rami da kwari. Abin da za a yi da su, yadda za a bi da bishiran da kuka fi so, yanzu za mu yi kokarin gaya muku.

Abun ciki:

• Kunar rana a jikin bishiyoyi
• Yanayin sanyi
• Ciji mai magani
• Hakora mai hakora sune sanadin rashin farin ciki
• Preheating Jiyya
• Itace daskarewa

Kunar rana a jikin bishiyoyi

Da farko dai, mun fara ne da dalilan da suka dogara da mu kai tsaye, da kyau, a, gindi da tushe daga rassan kwarangwal ba su yi komai ba, amma mu kanmu ba mu washe itacen ba. Yawancin lokaci yana farawa, ba a cikin hunturu ba, amma a lokacin bazara, lokacin da Afrilu, kamar ƙaramin yaro mai jin kunya, ya fara barin ƙanƙanin da yake ƙonawa ya tafi nan. Amma a wannan lokacin, jin daɗi, bishiyoyin sun fara ciyarwa, an kunna kwararar ruwan su, kuma da farko baƙon abu, dan kadan kwatankwacin fuloti a kan haushi ya bayyana, kawai inda fararen hular ya kamata, musamman ga bishiyoyin da aka dasa a bara da shekarar da ta gabata. Furtherari, waɗannan wurare masu gaba suna fara kumbura da cortex, kamar dai ta hanyar sihiri, kwatsam curls tare da tabo, suna fallasa itace lokaci guda, waɗannan sune. Da kyau kuma gaba da cewa - daban-daban gaba daya inedible namomin kaza shiga bude kofofin m bude, kuma idan wannan wata al'adar 'ya'yan itace dutse, to, akwai mai yawa gumming. Waɗannan sune ƙoshin kunar rana a jiki, waɗanda aka kafa a wuraren tushe da rassan kwarangwal waɗanda ba a yi fari ba har zuwa kaka.

Burnarƙar rana a jiki a kan haushi na itacen 'ya'yan itace.

Yaya za a bi da kunar rana a jiki? Dole ne mu dauko kayan aikin, misali, baƙin ƙarfe wanda muka sani kuma a hankali, ƙoƙarin da ba zai lalata ƙoshin lafiya ba, don cire mai mutuwa da matattarar haushi ta zahiri yankan shi.

Yana da mahimmanci! Kayan aiki a cikin wannan aikin ya kamata ya zama mai kaifi kamar raƙumi, in ba haka ba zaku iya yin ƙimar ƙima. Mafi kyawun zaɓi don mai farawa shine wuka mai shimfiɗa tare da sassanya.

Dole ne a tsabtace ƙonewa rana don tsabtace itace mai lafiya (ta hanyar, wannan hanya ta zama mara wahala don itace), sannan shafa abin da ya faru tare da tsabta mai tsabta, tare da gurbataccen bayani na potassiumganganate kuma, kawai idan, bi da rauni tare da 3% Bordeaux ruwa. Bayan haka, ya kamata a bar raka'a ɗaya ko biyu ko uku a bar su a hutawa gaba ɗaya, a bar jiyya ta bushe, amma ya fi kyau kada a bar shi a cikin hasken rana, zai fi kyau a rufe shi da wata jarida ta yau da kullun, danshi ya bushe sosai ta cikinsa, musamman idan rana ta dafa rana.

Lokacin da rauni ya bushe ana iya rufe shi da kowane, ainihin kayan haɗari, da kyau, mafi sauƙi shine lambun var, kuma idan kuna ƙaunar bishiyar ku kuma kuna son murmurewa da sauri, za'a iya yin abun da ya fi girma.

Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar gram na 100 beeswax, 20 g na mai don masu wuta (ba muck daga tanki don motar) da ƙwayar sulfur na yau da kullun, zuwa cikin ƙasa na foda a cikin turmi, kuma 100 g. Dole ne kakin zuma ya narke gaba ɗaya a cikin ruwan wanka zuwa jihar ruwa , cire daga zafin rana da zuba a cikin 20 na man gas (wannan ya isa), a sakamakon haka, zaku sami cakuda wanda yayi kama da man fetir. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin wannan jelly na man fetur, ya zama dole, haɗawa sosai tare da man goge baki ko wand, ƙara tataccen ƙasa kuma motsa duk wannan zuwa kowane tukunyar da za'a iya rufewa kuma daga abin da za'a iya ɗaukar wannan abun da ya dace.

Minaya daga cikin debewa, wannan abun da ke ciki ya taurare fiye da lambun var, gwargwadon ƙididdigar ni game da mintina 15, amma a cikin shekara ɗaya har ma da sabon salo da sabbin ƙwayoyin nama da kuma maimaita shi sau biyu ko sau uku, kamar yadda yake a yanayin lambun var, ba lallai ba ne.

Jaruma mai sanyi

Yawancin lokaci sanyi yakanyi magani na dogon lokaci; shekaru da yawa na iya farfadowa daga lokacin ganowa zuwa cikakken magani. Llsanƙarar sanyi sanyi sune fashewar tsayi da zurfi daban-daban. Don farawa, tare da wuƙaƙen malami guda ɗaya ko scraper, dole ne a tsabtace rauni da kyau daga tsohuwar nama kuma a goge tare da sulfate jan karfe a ƙasa. Kawai kenan za'a iya rufe rauni tare da cakuda yumbu da mullein daidai sassan ko tare da nau'in lambun talakawa, wanda ba shakka abin dogara.

A cikin yanayin cewa rami mai sanyi ya fi tsayi 15 cm da centan santimita zurfi, zaku yi aiki daban - a nan kuna buƙatar ɗaukar mafi ƙarancin waya kuma ku ɗaura akwati a hankali, da farko sanya sararin itace a ƙarƙashinsa. Alas, irin waɗannan hanyoyin za a buƙaci a maimaita su a kowace bazara har sai lokacin da aka samar da tabo mai kyau.

A kusancin kusa da rami na sanyi, musamman ma a cikin amfanin gona na pome, ana yin sababbin harbe harbe tare da ladanyen ganye. Dole ne a adana waɗannan harbe don haɓaka wadatar abinci ga yankin rauni, amma don hana harbe girma daga tsayi, yakamata a raba su da kashi ɗaya bisa uku na fi. Da zaran raunuka sun warke, yana da kyau a yanka wadannan harbe-kere a cikin zobe, kodayake idan ba su tsoma baki ba, to, zaku iya barin sa.

Idan an ga babban rami mai sanyi a jikin bishiyar apple, to a lokacin bazara zaka iya ƙoƙarin dawo da shi ta hanyar haɗi tare da gada, haɗa gefuna tare da haɓakar bara, amma wannan ya fi wanda ba shi da wari kuma baya jin warin dogaro.

M cikin bishiyoyi

Muguwar kanta ba ta cutar da yawa, tana lalata shara, ƙwayoyin cuta, microflora da sauran abubuwa marasa kyau waɗanda ke mamaye su, wanda, idan ya lalata, a ƙarshe yana haifar da karuwa da zurfin rami kuma yana iya haifar da mutuwar bishiya.

Don haka, mun isa ga cewa rami yana buƙatar kulawa da shi kuma ya zama dole, don wannan muna shirya abun da ke ciki (wani abu kamar cika hakori), amma da farko tare da wuka mai kaifi muna cire komai daga cikin buhun, muna tsabtace shi kusan zuwa haske don kada ɗayan takarda guda ɗaya ya rage a ciki kuma Tabbatar da lura da filin duk waɗannan ayyukan tare da ruwa na Bordeaux 5%.

Abu na gaba, zamu shirya hatimi na ainihi, har ma kakaninmu da kakaninmu sun cika abubuwan ban mamaki, wanda ya kunshi aƙalla alamar sumunti 400, man na bushewa, da kuma maganin sabulu ta potassium da kuma magudanar ƙasa. Abubuwa biyar na ciminti suna buƙatar ɓangare na bushewar mai, rabin rabi na sabul ɗin potash da rabi na ƙwayar ƙasa. Daga cikin wannan, ta hanyar haɗuwa da kauri da sauri, muna samar da ainihin mafita don daidaito ga kirim ɗin kirim mai tsami kuma muna zuba wannan maganin a ciki, turawa hannu tare da safofin hannu na roba.

Kashegari, idan hakoran ba zato ba tsammani, muna ƙara bayani, amma yawanci yana da mahimmanci don tsabtace shi tare da fayil, cimma koda koda tare da saman bishiyar. Yawancin lokaci, tabbas za a sami isasshen hatimi na tsawon shekaru 8, amma, ala, yana faɗuwa, saboda itacen yana girma kuma dole ne a maimaita komai kuma, amma ya danganta da inda yake tsaye, bazai sake faɗuwa ba.

Ciji mai magani

Rodents, sau da yawa mintuna biyar don saita saƙar ko watsa guba daga mai gadin, ba shi da wata goge-goge a jikin akwati, yana da kyau idan ba a kusa ba, amma babu wani abin kirki da ya fi kyau kuma mafi mahimmanci ƙananan baya mafi muni, idan gnaws suna ƙasa da wurin yin allurar, to gaba ɗaya rubuta ya ɓace, ashe, kar a yi maganin ban dariya iri ɗaya tare da gada, da kyau, duk wannan maganar banza ce maganar da ta dace?!

Amma da zarar mai haƙuri ya nace zamu bayyana, kodayake zance shine cewa wannan ƙarancin ƙarami ne, amma akwai ɗaya. Tunanin shine cewa grafting tare da gada zai sake farfadowa, zaku iya faɗi itace matacciya, kuma daga shi a lokacin bazara ko bazara za ku iya yanke itace don grafting (bazara) ko buding (kaka) da dasa shuki na yau da kullun, amma wannan itaciyar, ala, haushi.

Don haka, bari mu fara, duk abin da muke buƙata shi ne wuka na copulation da itaciyar da kanta, oh ee, madaidaiciyar finafinan filastik biyu santimita mai tsayi da santimita goma, ko kuma, idan babu ma'ana a cikinsu, to, wani lambu ya bambanta da kuma fim na cling. Za'a iya yanke tarkacen fim daga kowane jaka mai dorewa, babban abin magana shi ne cewa launin yana da fari ko milky a cikin matsanancin yanayi, shine, fim ɗin ba ya dumama rana.

A farkon bazara, yawanci Mayu, da zaran ya kwarara ruwan itace, da kyau tsaftace duk gefunan da ke lalacewa ta hanyar mice ko hares zuwa ƙoshin lafiya don ana iya ganin cutar. Duk harbe-harbe na bara, a lokaci guda, yana da kyau a cire kawai ma'aurata daga bishiyar, wasu daga cikinsu ya kamata a yanke su a cikin takwas takwas ko fiye santimita tsawon, a gaba ɗaya dole ne su kasance mafi tsayi fiye da yankin haushi da lalacewa daga mice ko hares, bayan wannan, a kan kowane harba, kamar yadda tare da talakawa yin bukukuwan aure biyu tare dayan kuma bangare. Na gaba, waɗannan wedges, a hankali don kada su kakkarya, saka a cikin kwandon da ke ƙasa da kuma saman wurin da aka lalata da mice ko hares, zai fi dacewa tare da gefen da aka yanke yana gangar jikin. Wannan shi ne da gaske duk. Ya rage don ɗaure ƙasa da saman tare da fim, kuma idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba saboda babban kauri daga cikin akwatin, to kawai a rufe shi da nau'in lambun, gami da wuraren rufe su, kuma.

Amma ga adadin da ake buƙata don grafting da cuttings tare da gada, duk ya dogara da kauri daga cikin akwati, za'a iya samun biyu, biyar, bakwai, har ma goma, mafi kusantar itacen apple zai rayu, mafi kyau. Da kyau, alal misali, diamita na gangar jikin mai goge baki shine cm 4-6, to, tsaran uku zai isa, idan diamita ya fi santimita 12, to kuna buƙatar katako bakwai ko takwas.

Furtherarin gaba, mafi dacewa, bayan an rufe shi da lambun var, duk wannan dole ne a yi shi sosai don rigakafin bai motsa ba, a ɗora shi tare da filastik na kwana goma, ba ƙari, bayan wannan dole ne a cire shi. A zahiri, shekaru biyar za su shuɗe kuma itaciyar za ta fara haɓaka sake, da kyau, idan kuna son samun seedlings daga wannan ire-iren, to sai ku yanke feathery harbe kuma ku dasa rootstocks na zamani akan dwarf na al'ada ko rabin-dwarf rootstocks, kuma kawai ku yanke wannan bishiyar ko ku bar shi a kanku kamar tunatarwa menene zai faru idan kayi sauri ba tare da yin wani abu mai mahimmanci ba.

Amma wannan ba duka bane, ya juya zaka iya ajiye itacen da beraye da hares suka lalata shi ta wasu hanyoyi. Ofayansu ya fi sauƙi, ɗayan kuma ya fi rikitarwa. Bari mu fara da mai sauki - dasa kayan talakawa kusa da bishiyar gram mai ɗanɗano, zai fi dacewa da dabbar dwarf rootstock, goyan bayan 10-15 santimita, kaɗa kambirsa sosai tare da wuƙaƙƙen wucin gadi kuma fitar da shi ƙarƙashin ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙolin daidai sama da wurin da aka lalace, don haka abincin zai tafi kuma lallai bishiyar ta zama mai rai. Amma a lokaci guda, 70% na harbe ya kamata a cire, in ba haka ba itacen zai mutu, kawai ba shi da isasshen abubuwan gina jiki.

Da kyau, zaɓi mafi ban sha'awa shine zane na haushi, Ban taɓa gwada shi ba, amma sun rubuta cewa akwai tasiri. Idan wani daga gare ku yayi ƙoƙari kuma kun yi nasara, tabbatar da rubuta game da shi a cikin bayanan.

Da farko kuna buƙatar yin nau'in faci, wanda kuke buƙatar ɗaukar reshe (lokacin farin ciki) daga wannan bishiyar kuma kuyi amfani da wuka mai ƙwanƙwasa don cire gaba ɗaya daga gare shi (yanke farko, sannan kuma raba haushi ta lanƙwasa shi ta fuskoki daban-daban), saboda ya dace akan musayar yankin da beraye ko beraye suka lalace.

Bayan wannan, ya zama dole don tsabtace wurin da za a sami saɓani daga rikice-rikice kuma, a ƙarshe, amfani da sabon haushi daidai da shugabanci na haɓakar haushi akan kututture. Akwai sauran wurin da ake kira ƙanƙancewa, gwargwadon yiwuwar ɗaure shi tare da tef ɗin polyethylene ɗaukar girman da ya dace da girman, tabbatar da kama ɓangaren lafiya na haushi na jigon duka biyu a kan ɓangarorinta na sama da na ƙasa kuma saboda haka yana riƙe da akalla santimita biyar.

Bayan halayyar irin wannan tuffa ta ce aiki mai rikitarwa, itacen yana buƙatar sakawa kan tsarin inganta shayar da shi kuma ya ba shi kashi biyu na takin.

Preheating Jiyya

Tushen tushe, a cikin albarkatun 'ya'yan itace na dutse, wuri ne mai haɗari, kuma idan ma dan ƙarami yayi zurfi yayin dasawa, to a cikin winters mai wadata a dusar ƙanƙara da maɓuɓɓugan ruwan sanyi waɗanda ba sa barin danshi su ƙafe da sauri, wannan na iya haifar da dumama wannan wuri mai mahimmanci. Musamman sau da yawa matasa 'ya'yan itãcen dutse' ya'yan itace wahala da kuma idan an dasa su a wani wuri mara faɗi.

Wani lokacin dumama, kamar karce a hannu, yakan warkar da kansa, wani lokacin kuma tabo mai zafi yana da girma, ana iya lura dashi. Alamar farko da ta nuna cewa bishiyar ta zama wawanci shine yawan yaduwar tushe kuma idan itace tushen harka, to lallai abu ne mara kyau, zaka iya ganin bishiyar da kanta ta yanke shawarar sanya hannuwa da girma ta hanyar tsiro.

Kokarin samun inoculation irin gada, kada ku cire wannan toka, zabi mafi kauri (guda takwas), nika su da wuka mai warin baki kamar yadda malami ya fashe da fensir, sannan a tsaya a lokacin bazara ko lokacin bazara (Yuli) a gindin dajin sama da tushe kuma a gyara wani abu, ko da tare da tef na lantarki mai sauƙi, babban abu shine a sami ƙarfi. Zai yuwu cewa itacen zai iya samun ceto, amma zai fi kyau canja shi zuwa wata kofaton dawakai a nan gaba, kasancewar an sake haɗa shi ko kuma a sake haɗa shi.

Itace daskarewa

Da kyau yana faruwa kuma irin wannan, amma ta yaya za a fahimta? Da farko dai, idan itaciyar ta riga tayi nisa a girma ko kuma baya girma ko kadan, kawai sai a tono kasar sannan a sanya rataye a wuka da itace, idan komai yayi kyau kuma komai yayi duhu da baki, to a bayyane yake cewa tushen ya mutu.

Me zai yi da bishiyoyi masu sanyi? Jefa shi ba lallai ba ne, gwada yankan su kaɗan kafin farkon Mayu, barin kashi 30% na katako, amma tabbatar kawai cewa itacen bai nuna alamun rayuwa ba kuma ku taɓa waɗanda harbe waɗanda ke zuwa rai aƙalla a hankali. Tabbatar an rufe dukkan sassan tare da varnish na lambu, kuma zai fi dacewa tare da fentin lambun acrylic.

Dogayen kekuna na irin waɗannan bishiyoyi da shukakkun bishiyoyi tare da humus ɗin humus kamar santimita, wannan zai ƙara haɓakar ciyawar cikin ƙasa da adana danshi daga saurin fitar da ruwa. Kar ka manta da sassauta da sako ƙasa kusa da irin bishiyoyi. Watering itaciya yana buƙatar a yi shi da kyau, kawai kamar yadda ƙasa ta bushe, ku tuna cewa har yanzu ba shi da tushe kuma babu abin da za a ɗauka danshi daga.

Abu ne mai yawan faruwa musamman bayan mummunan lokacin bazara kuma idan kuna fatan wata dama kuma tare da daskararren tsire-tsire basu yi wani abin da za'a iya yi ba a lokacin bazara. Don farawa, jira don buɗe furannin a kan harbe da waɗanda ba su yi fure ba da yanke jinƙai, suna lalata sassan da fenti acrylic.

Furtherari, kulawa ta yau da kullun, adadin takin zamani sau biyu, a hankali yana ɗaukar duk furanni idan ya kasance shuka iri ce kuma kusan a cikin watan Oktoba, kuma zaka iya a watan Nuwamba, ban ruwa mai tilastawa ruwa wanda zai iya shayar da ƙasa zuwa zurfin 35 cm.

Yana da kyau a ƙara kilogiram 3-4 na taki mai kyau, wanda aka narkar da 1 zuwa 10, har ma a ƙarƙashin kambi, ga ƙasa da aka kwance a baya.