Dokokin zinare don haɓaka bonsai na cikin gida

Ba za a iya kiran Bonsai kawai na cikin gida ko tsire-tsire na lambu ba. Waɗannan su ne abubuwan fasaha, zane-zanen rayuwa, ƙirar dukkan falsafar da ba ta iya yin daidai da matsayin ɗaya na tsire-tsire na yau da kullun har ma da al'adun gama gari. Hanya na musamman ya kamata ya zama don bunkasa bonsai. Bayan duk waɗannan, waɗannan tsire-tsire suna buƙatar magani gaba ɗaya wanda ba na yau da kullun ba. Ba wai kawai ilimin falsafa bane, harma suna buƙatar sadaukarwa da kwanciyar hankali daga hannun magabatansu. Kula da bonsai bashi da sauki, amma jin daɗin na musamman ne.

Bonsai

Bonsai - tsire-tsire ba kowa bane. Sun gano wata sabuwar hanyar falsafa a gaban maigidansu kuma suna fallasa mahimmancin hangen nesa na duniya, kuma mafi mahimmanci - suna sa mu sake nazarin yanayin sadarwa da rayuwar daji da dangantakar dabbobi. Don siyan bonsai, kuna buƙatar ba kawai don yanke shawara ba, amma don yin la'akari da duk ribobi da fursunoni. Bayan haka, ba za su dace da waɗancan lambu ba waɗanda galibi suna tafiya kuma suna son kulawa mai sauƙi. Bonsai yana buƙatar kulawa dashi koyaushe, wani lokacin don kulawar da ta dace dole ne ku nemi tsarin ƙirƙira, kuma wasu hanyoyin suna da takamaiman bayani. Tare da irin wannan Pet za su yi watsi da kara da fuss. Kuma a lõkacin da suka ce ga bonsai kana bukatar ka girma a ruhaniya kanka, kar a ƙara. Amma idan har aka gabatar muku da karamin Bonsai, ko kuma kun yi sha'awar ta ɗan lokaci kuma kun zama mai shi kusan da haɗari, wataƙila tsire-tsire za su buɗe muku sabuwar duniya kuma ku sa ku ƙaunaci kanku da zuciyarku har abada.

Bonsai ita ce fasahar ba wai kawai ƙirƙirar karamin kwafin yanayi ba, yana amfani da tsoffin al'adun gargajiya na musamman na samuwar bishiyoyi da gandun daji, har ma da fasaha ta musamman don kula da tsirrai. Mu'amala da bonsai kamar yadda yake tare da kowane irin shuka na cikin gida bashi yiwuwa. Ba wai kawai ba za ku yi nasara ba, amma za ku zubar da shekaru da yawa na aiki ta hanyar roƙonku na gargajiya zuwa gare shi. Bonsai sun bambanta da kansu a cikin hadaddun kulawar da ake buƙata kuma a zahiri suna buƙatar tsarin mutum bai zama ƙasa da kowane al'adun cikin gida ba. Amma keɓancewar kulawa da kulawa ita ce kaɗai abin da haɗin bonsai yake da alaƙa tare da ciyawar cikin gida na yau da kullun.

Mafi unpretentious kuma mafi sauki girma ana dauke su bonsai daga itacen zaitun da testudinaria. Matsalar damuwa idan zaka iya shuka tsire-tsire a cikin ɗakunan rayuwa na yau da kullun zasu buƙaci itacen shayi da shamir. Ragowar tsire-tsire - carmona, euonymus, podocarpus, ficus, ligustrum, da dai sauransu - suna buƙatar wuri mai mahimmanci a cikin sabon iska a cikin lokacin dumi.

Lokacin sayen bonsai, kasance cikin shiri don gaskiyar cewa dole ne ka koyi abubuwa da yawa. Yawancin hanyoyin kulawa suna buƙatar ƙwarewa na musamman, horo, sauraron muryar ciki. Tare da bonsai kuna buƙatar amincewa da tunani - kuma koyaushe bincika duniyar wannan fasaha mai ban mamaki. Idan kana son yin nasara, mafi yawan lokuta kan sami ilimin kai, halartar mahimmin aji, kada ka yi jinkiri ka tambayi masana.

Bonsai

Yanayi mai gamsarwa da kuma bukatar iska mai kyau

Zamu iya magana kawai game da wasu yanayi waɗanda suke da dadi ga duk bonsai. Bayan haka, kowane nau'in bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi da aka yi amfani da su don haifar da bonsai partially riƙe da abubuwan da suke so. Mafi dacewa ga waɗannan ayyukan raye-raye shine matsakaici, yanayin zafi mai hanawa na digiri 18 zuwa 25 Celsius a cikin aiki na girma. Kusan duk bonsai suna buƙatar gyaran mai sanyaya a cikin hunturu. Idan kun kiyaye zafin jiki na ɗakin da aka saba kuma kada ku rage ƙimar su da akalla digiri 2-3, rage haske zai haifar da matsaloli tare da lafiyar su. Mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki yana iyakance zuwa digiri 10 don conifers da digiri 12-14 don sauran nau'ikan bonsai.

Haske na wadannan tsire-tsire an zaɓi shi daban daban. Yawancin bonsai suna jin daɗaɗawa a cikin hasken haske, amma ikon yin girma a wuri mai faɗi ko cikin inuwa mai mahimmanci yana da daraja bincika kowane shuka daban. A cikin hunturu, kowane irin bonsai ba zai daina walƙiya mai haske ba, kuma idan kun rama yanayin yanayin fasalin lokaci, zaku iya samun sakamako mai ban mamaki.

Daga cikin bonsai akwai yawancin ire-iren da suke sayarwa galibi kamar tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Amma duk da haka, mafi yawancin waɗannan abubuwan raye-raye na fasaha sun fi son tsabtataccen iska kuma sun fi ƙasa kwanciyar hankali. Tsirrai masu tsada da tsada a lokacin dumama kawai tare da godiya zasu amsa masauki a baranda, baranda ko kuma wurin hutu - inda zasu iya "numfashi sosai". Lokacin sayen bonsai, tabbatar da dubawa idan ana amfani da shuka ga irin wannan tsarin lokacin bazara da kuma yadda yake danganta su da tashin iska. Amma ga mafi yawan bonsai, har yanzu kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurare masu kariya da ƙarin yanayin kwanciyar hankali.

Watering da zafi

Yawancin katako da ake amfani da su don yin bonsai suna kula da yanayin zafi. Zai zama da matukar wahala a kula da kyawun siffofin da kuma greenery a cikin wadannan tsirrai ba tare da matakan kara zafi ba. Shigarwa da na'urorin hurawa na musamman abu ne mai kyau, amma zaku iya ƙara yawan zafi ta hanyar sanya farantin ruwa da fesawa (haƙuri ga ƙarshen ya kamata a bincika kowane nau'in tsire daban).

Watering don bonsai na buƙatar ƙoƙari mai yawa fiye da na tsire-tsire na yau da kullun. Tsarin kwanciyar hankali na kwantena yana yanke jadawalin don ƙarin hanyoyin da ake bi. Babu buqatun gaba daya na ban ruwa da yawan su a tsire-tsire na bonsai, amma yana da mahimmanci kada a manta game da doka guda: bushewar Tushen don bonsai bai kamata a taɓa barin shi ba. Fari ya zama mai muni ga waɗannan tsirrai masu mahimmanci. Amma ƙasa acidification kuma ba yarda. Haske mai ƙarfi ko matsakaici matsakaici - waɗannan sune yanayin da yawancin bonsai zasu ji daɗi. Rage ruwa don lokacin sanyi (na disiduous bonsai, an rage shi, kuma har abada, an rage danshi danshi), yayin kuma yana hana substrate daga bushewa gaba daya.

Ana shayar da Bonsai sau da yawa tare da yanayin "saman" na gargajiya. Amma akwai “amma”: irin wannan tsire-tsire sun fi son yin amfani da ruwa tare da fashewa. Wajibi ne a nemi wurin watsa ruwa domin a rarraba ruwan a ko'ina a kan babban tanki. Wani madadin hanyar ban ruwa shine a nutsar da kwantena tare da babban akwati na ruwa don daidaita mai, tare da kammala ɗaukar cikakkiyar ruwan "kyauta".

Bonsai Nutrition

Tsarin ciyarwa ya kamata a fayyace lokacin sayen shuka. Tsarin aiki tare da aikace-aikacen taki kawai a lokacin mataki na ciyayi mai aiki tare da mita na 1 a cikin makonni biyu ana ɗaukar matsayin na gargajiya. A tsakiyar lokacin bazara, zaku iya yin “izinin tafiya” don dakatar da haɓakar harbe da inganta lignification. Manyan miya ba ya tsayawa koda lokacin hunturu ne (kawai don kullun bonsai), amma yana takin tare da yawan 1 a cikin makonni shida kuma yana rage tsawon lokacin da aka saba.

An zaɓi takin gargajiya na musamman don bonsai (ana samar da su ta hanyar ƙwararrun masana'antu a cikin wannan fasaha da kuma ƙwararrun masana'antun takin zamani tare da shirye-shirye masu yawa).

Murmushi tare da kamo bonsai

Duk da yake ga mafi yawan tsire-tsire na cikin gida, girbi na yau da kullun da gyaran fuska yana da wuya ana ɗaukar matsayin wanda ake bukata don haɓaka, don shinge na bonsai yanayi ne mai mahimmanci don riƙe kyakkyawa. Domin aiki mai rai na zane ya ci gaba da kasancewa, ya zama dole a lokaci-lokaci a rage rassan, cire harbe da ba dole ba, tsunkule da sauran samuwar. Kowane nau'in bonsai yana da buƙatarsa ​​ta cropping, amma gaba ɗaya, dabarun cropping kai tsaye ya dogara da ci gaban girma. Tsire-tsire masu sannu a hankali ana tsabtace sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a shekara, kiyaye su cikin tsari. Ana buƙatar sarrafawa da haɓaka cikin sauri sau da yawa, kowane 'yan makonni, daga bazara zuwa kaka.

Ka'idojin girkin Bonsai suna da sauqi. A cikin irin waɗannan tsire-tsire, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna ƙoƙari su bar nau'i biyu na ganye akan kowane shoot, suna cire duk abin da ba dole ba. Kashi na sama na bonsai koyaushe ana kara karfi sosai, ba a mantawa, kamar kowane irin gida, don cire duk lalacewa, bushe, girma ko ciki, tsayayyun rassa. Don bonsai, yana da mahimmanci don fitar da ganyayyaki waɗanda suka yi girma sosai lokacin da suka dace. Amma kawai ana samun trimming kawai a cikin kalmomi. Plantsan ƙananan tsire-tsire suna buƙatar irin wannan hanya ta musamman, suna da wahala a datsa cewa ana buƙatar ƙwarewa da tsinkaye a nan. Kuma yin kuskure yafi sauki fiye da cimma nasara. A karo na farko, zai fi kyau a tuntuɓi ƙwararren masani da kuma ziyartar babban aji, bincika duk mahimman bayanan da suke cikin cibiyoyin na musamman. Sai bayan samun gwaninta da kwarewar fasahar, yanke shawarar fara cropping.

Samuwar harbe da kututture, samar masu da “kayan wucin gadi” da kwatance abu ne mai wahala da ban mamaki. Don Bonsai, ana aiwatar da samuwar godiya ga waya (amfani da jan ƙarfe ko kuma aluminium, waya mai kauri). Tare da taimakonsa, gyara jujjuyawar gangar jikin ko rassan, ba su tsari, shugabanci da kusurwa. Suna aiwatar da samuwar ta hanyar kunna waya daga ƙasa zuwa sama, a zahiri sake juya gangar jikin da rassa tare da shi, sannan kuma su jagoranci yadda girman su yake. Amma samun daidaito tsakanin isasshen matsawa da rashin rauni yana da matukar wahala. Ee, kuma kuna buƙatar cire waya a cikin lokaci: bayan shuka "ya tafi" a cikin wata hanya da aka ba, amma ba kafin fim ɗin ya girma cikin haushi ba.

Lokacin aiki tare da bonsai, kuna buƙatar amfani da kayan aikin kaifi mai tsabta. Don lura da raunuka, yana da kyau a sayi balm na musamman don raunuka. Za'a iya samun tarin kayan aikin musamman wanda ya dace da kowane nau'in pruning da takamaiman aiki tare da bonsai a yau a cikin shagunan fure da kan albarkatu na musamman. Iman ƙaramin ƙarami da almakashi masu launuka iri-iri, goge da ƙanƙan hancin, fenti da tweezer suna taimakawa su kusan yin kayan adon. Idan babu kayan aikin musamman, yi amfani da sabbin kayan aikin yanka.

A kan sayarwa kuma zaku iya samun kayan aikin musamman don tsufa na mutum, adon ado, canza launi da haushi, da dai sauransu Tare da taimakonsu suna bunkasa ƙawancin shuka da cimma babbar magana.

Ciyar da bonsai.

Dasawa, kwantena da abubuwa

Bonsai suna girma cikin kwanukan lebur na musamman, wanda zurfin yayi sau da dama kasa da fadin. Lokacin zabar, kuna buƙatar kula da gaskiyar cewa ƙarar kwandon dole ne ya wuce yawan tushen, kuma galibi yakamata a sami rami ɗaya don zubar ruwa. Babu ƙasa mai yawa a cikin wannan kwano, musamman tunda yawancin adadin filayen kyauta a cikin tanki suna mamaye magudanar ruwa da ciyawa. Sabili da haka, dole ne a watsa bonsai sau da yawa fiye da yadda ake so - sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2-3.

Bonsai, kamar kowane itace na cikin gida da tsire-tsire na cikin gida, yana da kyau don dasawa a farkon matakin girma na aiki - a cikin bazara. Amma akwai wasu nau'ikan tsire-tsire, alal misali, podocarpus mai tsalle-tsalle-tsalle, wanda ya fi son maye gurbin ba a cikin bazara ba amma a damina. Yi hankali da bincika duk bayanan kafin siye.

Kyakkyawan tsarin zaɓi shine mahimmancin waɗannan tsire-tsire. Don bonsai, yi amfani da keɓaɓɓen abin saya tare da tsari mai lalacewa, babban yumɓu da yashi. Zai yi wuya a iya tabbatar da ruwa a daidaitaccen ruwa da kuma yanayin iskar, saboda haka muna bada shawara yin amfani da ƙasa na musamman don bonsai.

Kamar dai yadda aka kafa sashen tsirrai a wata hanya ta musamman, rhizome dinsa, wanda aka daure shi kuma yake tsinkaye, abu ne mai matukar ban mamaki halittar. Lokacin dasawa, rage daga cikin tushen mafi yawa ana aiwatar da shi don hana haɓakawa da kwantar da sararin samaniya a cikin karamin akwati. Trimming rhizomes optimizes da sha na gina jiki da kuma thickens kambi. Dole ne a shimfiɗa babban kann magudanar a ƙasan tanki. An maye gurbin daskararren gaba ɗaya tare da sababbi mai kyau da sabo, kuma an ƙarfafa ƙwayar a hankali, an matse ta a cikin ƙasa kuma ta yin amfani da duwatsun ko ɓawon dutse don daidaitawa idan ya cancanta.

Bonsai kusan basu taɓa girma da ƙasa ba. Hanyar mulching na ado ana amfani dashi sosai don waɗannan tsire-tsire: an rufe substrate da pebbles, kwakwalwan dutse, sphagnum ko wasu kayan ado. An zaɓi irin wannan rufin don cimma sakamako mafi girma na ado da bayyanawa.

Kada kuyi ba tare da rigakafin ba

Lafiya, tare da ingantaccen tsari, wanda zai iya yin fure ko murna tare da ganyen bonsai mai tsada, kamar yadda muke gani a shagunan kuma kawo gida, yana buƙatar rigakafin kullun. Don hana cututtukan biyu da yaduwar kwari yafi sauki fiye da yaƙar su akan waɗannan tsire-tsire na musamman. Yana rage haɗarin lalacewa ta hanyar amfani da kayan aikin da aka gurɓata, kiyaye yanayin zafi da walƙiya, da kuma sarrafa zafi. Watering da takin ƙasa bazai wuce gona da iri ba, kuma tsire-tsire waɗanda suka fi son sabon iska yakamata su karɓa har zuwa iyakar gwargwado. Amma babban garanti na nasara shine dubawa akai-akai. Kuna buƙatar saka idanu cikin ganyayyaki da rassan, bincika su don alamun matsalolin da ba a so, nan da nan cire ganye da ciyawar da take da lalacewa, kuma ku duba yanayin tushen sa.