Sanin kowa ne tun daga ƙuruciya, fure mai haske wanda ya girma a cikin gadaje na fure kusa da gidan ko a ƙasar, mutane da yawa suna ƙauna. Suna ƙaunar ta don unpretentiousness, tarzoma da launuka da sauki na dasa da kuma kula, kazalika na dogon fure zamani: daga marigayi Yuni zuwa kaka. Za'a yi la'akari da hotunan furanni na cosmea da kwatancin mafi yawan jinsunan da ke ƙasa.
Bayani da Kulawa
Cosmea (Cosmos) - tsire-tsire ne na kowa a cikin dangin taurari, wanda ya zo mana daga Mexico, Brazil da Amurka ta Tsakiya. Na dogon lokaci, ba a tsinkayar da shuka kamar furanni ba, idan aka dauke ta da ciyawa ce. Amma godiya ga aikin shayarwa, yana yiwuwa ya fito da nau'ikan da yanzu suke ƙyamar tarzoma ta launuka iri-iri da gadaje na filayen birane a duk lokacin bazara.
Akwai sanannen suna mai suna cosmea - "yarinyar mara disheveled", wacce aka baiwa furen saboda kamannin ta: foliage na bakin ciki suna kama da disheveled curls, nasihun waɗanda suke cike da launuka masu haske.
Akwai nau'ikan shekara-shekara da perennial kwamba. A cikin duka akwai kusan nau'ikan 25 na wannan fure, amma sun ɗauki tushen mafi kyau duka kuma sun shahara da ƙwayar sulfur-yellow da cosmea mai kauri sau biyu. Ko da kuwa nau'in halittar, inji yana son haske, amma yana ɗaukar tushen mafi kyau kuma yana jin daɗin ciyawar fure idan an dasa fure a cikin inuwa m.
Idan ka dasa korama a cikin rana mai haske, zata bushe da sauri. A cikin inuwa mai ƙarfi, shuka zai yi fure mara kyau.
Don dasa shuki, ya cancanci zaɓar haske, ƙasa mai baƙi. Kuna iya shuka kwalliya tare da tsaba ko shuka. Zaɓin farko ya dace da nau'ikan mafi sauƙi na yau da kullun. An shuka su nan da nan a cikin ƙasa a watan Afrilu-Mayu, lokacin da ƙasa ta yi ɗumi sosai. Bayan makonni biyu zuwa uku, seedlings sun bayyana, wanda, lokacin da suka isa 5 cm, dole ne a fitar da bakin ciki.
Aka zaɓa, nau'in matasan suna girma ta hanyar shuka. Dasa ta wannan hanyar, tsire-tsire fara fure a cikin rabin na biyu na Yuli. Cosmea, wanda aka shuka shi nan da nan a cikin ƙasa, fure a watan Agusta. Saboda haka furen ba ya rasa kayan kyan ado, yana da Dole a cire inflorescences wilted. Cosmea kowane iri ne ake shayar dashi har sai ya zama ya zama tsiro. Ana cigaba da yin matsakaici matsakaici idan ya cancanta, wato, tare da lokacin bazara da kuma rashin ruwan sama.
Wannan unpretentious, resistant zuwa sanyi da fari shuka. Hotunan furanni na cosmea zasu baka damar sanin kyawun fure da fahimtar dalilan shahararta cikin ƙirar shimfidar wuri da kuma tsarin filaye na sirri da gadaje na fure.
Nau'in Cosme
Hakanan sanannen tsirrai ya kasance ne saboda bambancin girmanta. Akwai dogaye, daskararren cosmea da dwarf cosmea, wanda galibi ana girma cikin tukwane na fure a gida.
Yawancin nau'ikan kwalliya sune mafi yawan lokuta tsayi, yada tare da ƙasa, sabili da haka dole ne a ɗaure su. Amma shayarwa sun datse nau'in kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliya da dansar kwalliya, wadanda suke da tsari mai kyau, amintaccen fure fure, cikin sauki kusa da sauran furanni a cikin fure. Kuma kodayake an san nau'ikan cosmea sama da 20, tsire-tsire sun bazu, waɗanda za a bayyana daga baya.
Cosmea Bifolia
Mafi mashahurin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire shine Cosmea mai Sau biyu, wanda ƙasa tana ɗaukar matsayin yankuna na tsaunin Mexico. Wannan shekara-shekara ce, mai tushe wanda wani lokacin yakan kai girmansa sama da 1 mita. Inflorescences fararen fata ne, ruwan hoda da shunayya, tare da nadar ta har zuwa cm 10. Mafi yawancin lokuta a cikin gadajen fure zaka iya ganin irin waɗannan furanni.
The mai tushe ne madaidaiciya, mai yawa da kuma branched, ganye suna pinnate kuma sau biyu dissected. Abin da ya sa wannan iri-iri samu da sunan, da kuma shuke-shuke - da bayyane bayyanar greenery. Cosmea furanni na ninki biyu suna kama da kayan zaki, wanda aka tattara cikin kwanduna da yawa na inflorescences. Blooms profusely daga Yuni zuwa Satumba. Mafi yawan shekara-shekara da aka girma don yin fure gadaje. Tsaba ya yi kyau, tsiro ya ci gaba har tsawon shekaru 3-5.
Godiya ga aikin shayarwa, mafi kara yawan kayan kwalliya na ninki biyu masu launuka iri-iri tare da launuka masu karko da karami da yawa. Tall iri iri na cosmei sun dace sosai don yankan. Hoton furanni na cosmea yana nuna yadda wannan kyakkyawan tsire yake da haske.
Cosmea Sulfur Rawaya
Ya bambanta da biyu na feathery daya da aka bayyana a sama, sulfur-yellow cosmea ya fi thermophilic, kuma ya fara farawa ne kawai a cikin Yuli. Tana da ganye mai fadi, da kuma launuka masu launuka masu dumin gaske: rawaya, ruwan lemo ko ja. Kalmar sulfur da sunan ta na nufin launuka masu launin shuɗi. Girman su yana da ƙananan, har zuwa 6 cm a diamita, amma filayen suna girma cikin layuka biyu. Amma saboda fure, wanda kuma ake kira cosmos, ana ɗaukar rabin-biyu.
Ya danganta da iri-iri, tsawo na mai tushe shima ya bambanta: sun girma daga santimita 30 zuwa mita ɗaya da rabi. Cosmea Sulfur rawaya yana da tsayayyen fari, sabili da haka ana iya girma a gefen rana. Yana siffa da yawa buds, blooms ƙarfi, bayan wilting, da petals fadi. Dankin yana ba da iri-iri mai yawa, tattara tsaba shima mai sauqi ne, babu buƙatar tsaftace su. Fulawa ta ƙare a watan Oktoba.
Zai fi kyau zuwa shuka ƙwayar kwalliya tare da sulfur-rawaya a cikin haske, kuma don wannan ba kwa buƙatar tono su zurfi a cikin ƙasa.
A waje, tsire-tsire na wannan nau'in yayi kama da gaisuwa mai sanyi na furanni masu launin rawaya: tushe mai kauri ne, an jera shi, an shimfiɗa rassan a cikin fuskoki daban-daban, an ɗan ɓace shi.
Cakulan Cosmea
Wani nau'in shuka shine perennial cakulan. Furen fure ne na musamman, mai ban sha'awa, amma ba ko'ina ba. Furanninta furanni suna da launin ja, duhu mai launi, sabili da haka ana kiranta da baki cosmea. Homelandasar haihuwarsa ita ce Latin Amurka da Mexico, amma saboda wannan nau'in yana da zafi sosai idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda aka bayyana a baya.
Zai fi kyau a shuka shi a cikin yankuna na kudanci, tunda juriya mai sanyi na wannan nau'in yayi ƙasa sosai. Idan baƙar fata kwantar da hankali a cikin yankunan da ke da yanayin arewa, ana girma a matsayin shekara shekara a buɗe ko a rufe a matsayin ƙarshen shekara. Yana ƙaunar sako-sako, mara ƙoshin ƙasa, ingantacciyar ƙasa da isasshen hasken rana.
Shuka ta sami sunan ta saboda ƙanshin cakulan da ta daukaka. Mutane koyaushe sunyi ƙoƙarin daskarar da fure wanda yake haifar da irin wannan ƙanshin mai daɗin ƙanshi. Sabili da haka a ƙarshen ƙarni na ƙarshe a cikin Meksiko akwai bushesan bushes kaɗan na cakulan da aka yanke perennial. Amma godiya ga aikin shayarwa, yana yiwuwa a guji ƙarshen lalata wannan tsiron na musamman.
Cosmei bai kamata a haɗa shi da yawa ba, musamman tare da haɗarin nitrogen, saboda wannan yana haifar da karuwa a cikin taro mai kore zuwa lalata ƙirar fure.
Cosmea Chocolate shine tsire-tsire na perenni, amma an ba da ƙarancin lokacin hunturu, ya zama dole a kawo shi cikin gida ko a lokacin sanyi a lokacin sanyi. Ja mai launin ja, da mulufi, kusan furanni baƙi mai faɗi da nisan 4 cm suna buɗe rassan shuka, waɗanda suka kai girman 40 cm zuwa mita ɗaya da rabi. Hakanan za'a iya girma kwalliyar baƙar fata ta hanyar shuka a matsayin shekara-shekara.
Cosmea Terry
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, cosmea wata shuka ce wacce take da furanni daban-daban masu hade da dadda. Amma ba da shahararren, mutane da yawa daban-daban iri da kuma hybrids an bred. Terry cosmea daidai wannan: ba daban bane, iri ne na iri. Bambancinsa shine cewa furannin suna girma a cikin layuka da yawa, wanda yasa furann ya ninka biyu. Ka'idojin shuka da kulawa iri daya ne da na sauran tsiro.
Zaka iya shuka kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa ko a cikin kwalaye seedling. Terry cosmea yana da ƙananan ƙananan tsaba, saboda haka bai kamata ku zurfafa su da yawa ba, kawai a yayyafa shi da ƙasa. Don haɓaka furanni, ya zama dole don cire wloted inflorescences a kai a kai. Ya danganta da iri-iri, furannin terry cosmea na iya zama launuka daban-daban, kuma zasu yi farin ciki har sanyi.
Sautin Cosmea
Photophilous, sanyi-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire. Fa'idar Cosmea Sensation ta kai tsayi 90 cm, kuma tsirrai masu fure tare da fararen, ruwan hoda, fure mai ɗauke da manyan launuka, har zuwa cm 10 a diamita. Daidai ne don dasawa azaman shinge na halitta, adon bango, shinge, filayen fure a bango da yankan. Theanshin furanni na cosmea Sensation yana jan jan kuli da ƙudan zuma a gonar.
Harshen Cosmea
Wannan wani nau'i ne na fure-fure mai pals tare da ban sha'awa, tubular petals. Don wannan fasalin ne shuka ta samo sunanta: Cosmea Shell. Waɗannan suna tartsatsi bushes tare da yawa harbe. A halayyar budework foliage da furanni fari, ruwan hoda da shunayya. Yana da kyawawan kayan adon, yana ado kowane irin lambu, wanda ya dace da yankan. Iri na kwasfa na Sheme ba su da ma'ana a cikin kulawa, Bloom daga watan Yuni zuwa kaka. Dasa a matsayin tsaba a cikin ƙasa bude, kuma ta hanyar seedlings.
Cosmea Orange
Shahararren nau'ikan tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara shine Cosmea Orange. Ya bambanta a cikin haske, zagaye inflorescences na rana mai rawaya-orange launi. Gashi mai ƙarfi, ciyawa, mai tsayi daga 30 zuwa 120 cm tare da kyawawan launuka, yadin da aka saka da furanni biyu-biyu tare da diamita har zuwa cm 6. Wannan nau'in kwalliya da yawa zai zama kyakkyawan kayan ado na gadon filawa.
Cosmea Picoti
Shuka mai shekara-shekara tare da mai tushe har zuwa 80 cm tsayi, yana girma a cikin daji mai busasshen ganye tare da ganye mai laushi. Cosmea Picoti sananne ne ga launinta daban-daban na furanni: fararen furannin an cakuɗe su da iyakar carmine-ja da bambancin digiri na ƙarfi, diamita na inflorescences daga 7 zuwa 10 cm. Yana blooms sosai daga Yuli zuwa farkon sanyi. Furanni masu haske na Cosmea Picoti za su yi ado da kowane lambun fure, za su zama kyakkyawan kayan ado na shinge kuma za su yi kyau cikin kayan ado. Yawancin sauƙi ana yada shi ta hanyar shuka kai.
Cosmea ja
Wani nau'in tsire-tsire wanda ba a bayyana shi ba shine Cosmea jan Cardinal. A daji ne tsayi tare da na bakin ciki, m foliage, da mai tushe densely reshe, strewn tare da manyan ja furanni. Yana blooms duk lokacin rani har sai Satumba, yayi girma sosai a kan kasa kasa. Ana amfani da wannan tsire-tsire mai haske azaman iyaka mai girma, don dasa tsire-tsire, yana ba da iri.
Bayan kallon hotunan furanni na cosmea daga wannan labarin, kuna iya tabbatawa: komai irin nau'ikan da kuka zaɓi don lambun ku, zaku ƙare tare da gadaje masu fure mai launuka masu launuka masu yawa waɗanda suke faranta muku rai ba kawai launi ba har ma da ƙanshin mai daɗi. A lokaci guda, ba a buƙatar ƙoƙari na musamman don shuka furanni na cosmea, sabili da haka kowane mazaunin bazara da kuma mai kula da lambu na iya shuka su.
