Cedar - itace ga yara da jikoki

Siberian itacen al'ul (daidai sunan Botanical shine itacen Siberian cine) itaciya ce mai launi mai kyau. Wannan tsire-tsire mai ban mamaki da gaske ya sha, yana da alama, duk halaye masu amfani masu amfani: adorativeness da warkarwa, tsananin hunturu da karko.

Babban dukiyar Siberian itacen al'ul shine ƙwayayenta. An tattara su kusa da Leningrad, sun ƙunshi kitse 61%, furotin 20%, carbohydrates 12%. Ka lura da waɗannan kwayoyi masu girma a arewa maso yamma na ƙasar inda yanayin yanayi yake. Kwayoyi suna da dadi, abinci da warkarwa. Masanin ilimin kimiyya P.S. Pallas ya rubuta shekaru 200 da suka gabata: "A Switzerland, ana amfani da kwayar bishi a cikin kantin magani; ana amfani da su don yin madara, wanda aka wajabta don cututtukan nono ..., an ce masu amfani da iska ne."

Tsarin itacen al'ul na Siberian (lat. Pinus sibirica). Botanical Garden Yaren mutanen Poland Cibiyar Kimiyya, Warsaw. Rus Murkushewa

Kwayoyin Pine sun ƙunshi bitamin A (bitamin girma), bitamin B (anti-neurotic), waɗanda ke haɓaka aikin zuciya kuma suna da mahimmanci don aiki na yau da kullun na juyayi. Musamman akwai mai yawa bitamin E a cikinsu (tocopherol, wanda aka fassara daga Girkanci “Na haihu zuriya”). Ba don komai ba ne cewa a cikin shekarun kyakkyawan girbi na itacen al'ul, haɓaka na sable da squirrel yana ƙaruwa sosai. Likitocin sun ce kwayar Pine tana dauke da abubuwan da ke taimaka inganta hawan jini, hana cutar tarin fuka, amai.

Guduro na itacen al'ul - ɗanɗano - yana da kayan kwalliya. Na dogon lokaci, mazaunan Siberiya da Urals sun yi amfani da shi don kula da raunuka, yanke, ƙonewa. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II, an yi nasarar amfani da resin itacen al'ul a cikin asibitoci don kula da sojojin da suka ji rauni. Ta kare raunuka daga kamuwa da cuta, ta daina aiwatar da ayyukan ta'adanci.

Pine na itacen Siberian (Latin: Pinus sibirica) © Catherine

Abubuwan allura suna da wadataccen abinci a cikin bitamin C, carotene. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa na alli, potassium, phosphorus, manganese, baƙin ƙarfe, jan ƙarfe, cobalt.

Itatuwan itacen al'ul shima yana da mahimmanci. Tunda yana da kaddarorin ƙwayoyin cuta, kwari basa farawa cikin kabad ɗin da aka yi da katakan itacen al'ul. Ana amfani da itace don kera kayayyaki daban-daban 10,000 (sandunan fensir, igiyar igiyar, kayan daki, kayan kida).

Itace tana da kyau tare da kayan kwalliyarta a kowane lokaci na shekara. Abubuwan da ke cikin rigakafin cututtukan daji na gandun itacen al'ul ma suna da yawa. Iskar dake tsaye a jikinta kusan keɓaɓɓu ce.

Tsarin Pine na Siberian (lat.Pinus sibirica). Botanical Garden Yaren mutanen Poland Cibiyar Kimiyya, Warsaw. Rus Murkushewa

An dade ana siyar da itacen siberian itacen al'ul a ƙasarmu. An ci nasara cikin itatuwan al'ul cikin yankuna, kusa da Leningrad, Yaroslavl; shekarun wasu daga cikinsu sun wuce shekaru 100-200; sun yi nasara cikin nasara, suka ba da 'ya'ya da bayar da' yan dabaru koda a Arctic. Yawancin itacen al'ul an shuka su ta hanyar lambu mai son a gonakin mutum da kuma a gonakin gama kai.

Lokacin da ake kiwo itacen al'ul na Siberian, dole ne a haɗu da shi cewa bazai iya girma a kan wuraren da yashi ba, amma ya fi son gurasar yashi ko ƙasan ciyawar ciyawa.

Matasa suna wasa da itacen al'ul na Siberian a kan reshen © ugraland

Propagate shi vegetatively ta hanyar grafting da cuttings a kan talakawa Kaya, amma, yafi a cikin tsaba. Lokacin da laushi, har yanzu m harbe suna buga daga cikin ƙasa, tsuntsaye (yafi crows) nan da nan peck su. Sabili da haka, dole ne a shuka tsire-tsire a ƙarƙashin kunshin filastik.

Ana samun sakamako mai kyau tare da shuka iri. A saboda wannan, a ƙarshen Satumba - farkon Oktoba, wato, wata daya kafin ƙasa ta daskare, ana shuka iri a cikin shirye-shiryen farji kuma an rufe su da rassan fir don kare su daga linzamin linzami. Kuma a cikin bazara na gaba shekara, da tsaba ba m harbe.

Lokacin da aka shuka shi a cikin bazara, tsaba na itacen Siberian suna buƙatar sharadin tilas. Don yin wannan, ana narke su cikin ruwan dumi (25-30 ° C) na kwanaki 4-6. Kowane kwanaki 1-2, ana canza ruwan. Sa'an nan kuma an haɗu da tsaba tare da yashi mai kyau-ruwa ko kwakwalwan peat kuma ana ajiye shi a ɗakin zazzabi. Ana cakuda cakuda lokaci-lokaci da bushewa. Tare da wannan sassaucin, tsaba suna cizo a cikin kwanaki 50-60. Ana ɗaukar tsaba daga cikin sanyi kuma a adana har sai an shuka iri a zazzabi kusan 0 ° C.

Ana yin shuka shuka a ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon Mayu (ya danganta da yanayin yanayi). A 1 m² 50 zuwa 300 g na tsaba za'a iya shuka su. Zurfin shigowar su ya zama cm 3 cm 3. Ana cire fim ɗin filastik wanda ke kare tsirrai da tsirrai daga tsuntsaye kawai bayan da harsashin ya faɗi daga seedlingsan da suka fito.

Tare da albarkatu masu kauri, seedlings sun nutse. Da zaran harbe ya bayyana a kamannin gwiwoyin da ya lanƙwasa, an tono su, an jera su, an yanke tushen kuma an dasa su a ƙarƙashin gungume a bisa tsokoki zuwa zurfin da suke a kai. Tsarin dasa shuka 20X20 cm ko 20X10 cm. Zaka iya nutse seedlings a shekara ta biyu bayan shuka. A cikin yarda da fasaha na aikin gona, yawan rayuwar itacen cedar bayan nutsewa ya yi yawa - har zuwa kashi 95%. Shekaru 2-3 bayan daukakan, an samo kyakkyawan kayan shuka tare da ingantaccen tsarin tushen, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga ingantacciyar rayuwar 'yan seedlings bayan dasawa zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa.