Itatuwa bishiyoyi da tsirrai itace bangare mai mahimmanci na aikin gona. Idan ba tare da shi ba, ba za ku iya samun amfanin gona mai kyau ba, kada ku sa itatuwa lafiya. Sabili da haka, tsayayyun bayanan sirri da fayil ɗin lambu mai dacewa ya kamata su kasance abokai na lambu da koyaushe a shirye.
Iri cropping
Gabaɗaya, za'a iya rarraba kawuna zuwa manyan nau'ikan uku: tsari, tsafta da anti-tsufa. Kowannensu yana da nasa burin, ana aiwatar da shi bisa ga wasu ƙa'idodi da kuma bisa ga rabe-rabensu.
Autar pruning raspberries.
Yanke Yanke An yi niyya ne akan samuwar bishiyoyi kuma ana amfani dashi ga yawancin tsirrai. Amma ba wai kawai ... Ciki har da hanyoyin ragewa da bakin ciki, yana samar da karuwar haske a cikin kambi, yana inganta iskarsa, yana sarrafa haɓaka, yana haɓaka samuwar 'ya'yan itace da ci gaban harbe a kaikaice. A mafi yawan lokuta, ana amfani dashi a cikin bazara, amma ga wasu ciyayi ana bada shawarar a cikin bazara. Baya ga abin da ke sama, samar da pruning na iya haɗawa da cire harbe da ke girma a cikin kambi, sagging zuwa ƙasa, haɗaɗɗiya.
Tsabtace tsabtace ya shafi cirewar cututtukan da ba su da lafiya, da kosai da bushe. Ana samarwa ba tare da la’akari da yanayin (a cikin bazara, lokacin rani, da damina), tunda ingancin amfanin gona, cikakken ci gaban tsirrai, wani lokacin rayuwarsu kuma sun dogara ne da yanayin hanyoyin da ake amfani da su.
Anti-tsufa pruning An yi niyya ne don tayar da haɓakar sababbin harbe da kuma sakin tsire-tsire daga harbe waɗanda suka rasa yiwuwar shimfidar fure fure. Ga kowane al’ada, yana da nasa alamomi. A mafi yawan lokuta, ana yin sa a cikin bazara. A cikin kaka, ana iya amfani dashi kawai a cikin yankuna na kudanci kuma dangane da Berry bushes.
Autar pruning
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, nau'in girbin kaka bai yarda da duk yankuna ba. An bambanta arewa da tsakiyar tsaka mai wuya ta hanyar yanayin hunturu mai zafi kuma sabili da haka, idan an sare bishiyoyi a can cikin faduwa, itace a wurin da ake yankan shi a cikin lokacin daskararren dusar ƙanƙara ta bushe, ƙwanƙwashin daskarewa, wanda hakan ke shafar ciyawar gaba ɗaya. Kuma seedlingsan shekara-shekara da biyu da ke shekaru biyu suna fuskantar barazanar mutuwa. Koyaya tsafta, gami da cirewar cututtukan da ba su da lafiya, bushe da lalatattun, ana iya yin su a waɗannan yankuna da kaka.
Autar pruning currants.
A kudanci, girbi na kaka ba wai kawai ba a ba contraindicated ba ne, har ma an ba da shawarar don manufar saukar da lokacin bazara. Amma, idan a cikin micro-yankin akwai wadataccen sanyi mai sanyi tare da yanayin zafi ƙasa da -5 ° C, to lallai yana da canjin aikin zuwa bazara.
Menene za a iya yanka a cikin fall?
Orasa ko wellasa da kyau jure hunturu pruning ne sanyi-resistant da tsumburai 'ya'yan itace iri. Daga cikin albarkatun gona da aka bada shawarar girkin kaka, mutum na iya bambancewa: guzberi, currant, ruwan zuma, rasberi, blackberry, innabi (A sashin murfin) lemun tsami, actinidia, bangon gari.
Autar pruning na gooseberries da currants
Wani ya fi son a datsa currants da gooseberries a cikin bazara, duk da haka, waɗannan albarkatu suna da farkon fure sabili da haka pruning a cikin bazara yana da haɗari a gare su.
Autumn pruning na gooseberries da currants ya hada da cire rassan karkata zuwa ƙasa, girma a cikin daji da overgrown tare da haihuwa. Idan an kula da shuka sosai, an sake sabunta shi a farkon kaka, kuma an kammala ginin gaba. Wani muhimmin doka a wannan yanayin shine cirewa babu fiye da ɗaya bisa uku na rassa a lokaci guda.
Lokacin da rejuvenating currant bushes, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa yana da kyau a bar rassan fruiting a cikin blackcurrant ba fiye da shekaru 4-5, a cikin ja har zuwa shekaru 8. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin ƙarshen magana, sake sabuntawa na iya zama m, tare da canja wuri zuwa wancan ɓangaren reshe, wanda har yanzu yana da damar haɓakar amfanin gona.
Rassa guzberi na iya bada 'ya'ya har zuwa shekaru 10, amma a samari girma ne ake samu. Sabili da haka, idan kututture yana da haushi mai duhu sosai, an yanke shi, yana ba da sabon wuri. Don samun yawan amfanin ƙasa, gooseberries cire duk abin da ya girmi shekaru 5.
Lokacin yankan gooseberries da currants, yana da mahimmanci a bincika yanka, idan an samo shi a cikin ɓoyayyen tsakiyar baki, an yanke su gaba ɗaya, zuwa ƙasa, sannan kuma a ƙone su, saboda wannan alama ce ta lalacewar shuka tare da gilashin currant.
Autar pruning raspberries da blackberries
Hakanan ana amfani da pruning kaka a kan raspberries, amma idan ba a tsabtace rasberi saboda wasu dalilai ba. Rage sababbi, cire tsoffin harbe da suka feshi kuma suka kara fadada daji. A yankuna da ke da yanayin sanyi, yawancin ɓangarorin iska sukan cire su daga nau'ikan gyaran. Koyaya, shawarwari na zamani suna jagorantar lambu zuwa ga mafi dacewa da ingantattun hanyoyin ƙirƙirar al'adu, waɗanda ake gudanarwa a lokacin bazara da bazara.
Blackberry pruning.
Amma blackberry, ya yi akasin haka, yana buƙatar girbin kaka. Bayan mun girbe, ana toshe duhun, ba a barin rassa sama da 10 a kowane daji, a tsabtace na fitar da harbe, a yanke bulala da itace mara kyau, kuma duk abinda zai rage a shekara mai zuwa ya gajarta da kashi 30 cikin dari don kara samar da shinge.
Autumn pruning na inabõbi
Autumn innabi pruning bada shawarar musamman a arewacin yankunan. 'Ya'yan inabin giya sun fi sauƙi ga tsari don hunturu, mafi sauƙin kula da shi a cikin bazara.
Ana iya yin datsa bayan ƙananan frostan sanyi na farko, share rassan bishiyoyi masu rauni, rage gazawar bunƙasa ta shekara zuwa budsanyen 2-6 (dangane da iri daban-daban, kauri mai ƙarfi da yanki mai ci). Plantsan tsire-tsire an bar su don kafawa a cikin bazara.
Autumn pruning lemongrass da actinidia
Don lemongrass da actinidia, kaka ma shine mafi kyawun lokacin girki. A wannan lokacin, ana fitar da su ne, an tsabtace su da kuma sifa.
Autar honeysuckle pruning
Honeysuckle kuma yana fuskantar girkin kaka. Tana da thinning a waɗannan lokutan, kuma ana cire harbe da suka fi shekaru 7, suna barin shinge game da 5 cm don ci gaba da haɓaka.
Autar pruning viburnum
Idan viburnum ya girma a cikin lambu, zaku iya yanke shi a cikin bazara. A cikin viburnum, an cire rassan, lalatattun rassan, har ma da waɗanda ke ƙara kambi.
Autar pruning 'ya'yan itace
Duk da gaskiyar cewa ana bada shawarar bishiyoyi na 'ya'yan itace don yin kwalliya a cikin bazara, har yanzu ana iya amfani da wasu dabaru game da su daga faɗuwar. Da fari dai, yankan yankan rassan matattun ne. Abu na biyu - inuwa mai matukar kyau, ba da amfanin gona mai kadan. A lokacin bazara, irin waɗannan rassan za su zama da wahala a sami, amma a cikin kaka, lokacin tattara 'ya'yan itatuwa, a bayyane suke a bayyane. Koyaya, tuna cewa sabon rauni shine mai jagoran sanyi, mai rai amma ba rassan fruiting ana yanke su cikin ƙanshi, game da 15 cm high, wanda aka cire gaba ɗaya a cikin bazara.
Autar pruning dokokin
Kafin ci gaba da girkin kaka, ya wajaba a jira lokacin kwararar ruwan 'ya'yan itace, wanda yake mai sauki ne ta tantance abubuwan da suka fadi. Amma don jinkirta aikin latti.
Autar pruning.
Idan aka yi amfani da rejuvenation akan bishiyoyi na bishi a bazara, irin waɗannan tsire-tsire ya kamata su sami kulawa ta musamman a cikin bazara.
Janar pruning dokokin
Akwai ƙa'idodi na general don pruning, aikace-aikacen wanda ke tabbatar da madaidaitan yanke rassan, saurin wuce gona da iri da kuma sauƙaƙe aikin lambu.
- Yakamata a kakkarfa fizgar shears da fayilolin ƙusa a ko da yaushe kuma a tsaftace su.
- Lokacin da aka cire manyan rassa, ana yanke su cikin zobe ba tare da barin hemp a wuri ba, ba tare da zurfafa zurfi ba, amma mai santsi, ingantaccen yanke tare da gangar jikin ko reshe na kashin, ba zai tasiri ambaliyar shekara ba.
- Lokacin yankan rassan kauri ko rassa, sai su fara yanke kan ƙananan gefen an yanke niyya, sannan su yanke reshe daga sama. Wannan ba wai kawai ya sauƙaƙe ba kuma yana hanzarta aiwatar da aiki (reshe ya ɓace a ƙarƙashin nauyin kansa, yana taimakawa ƙwanƙwasa ya shiga zurfi), amma kuma yana kiyaye haushi da ƙaramin katako a ƙarƙashin yanke daga ɓarna.
- Yanke tsohuwar ko harbi mai kauri a ƙarƙashin tushe, tare da ɗayan riƙe riƙe waɗanda ke a matakin da ya dace, a layi ɗaya zuwa ƙasa, tare da ɗayan - suna kare reshe mai tsananin ƙaƙƙarfan tushe.
- Lokacin kula da bishiyoyi, ba a ba da shawarar samar da manyan sassan biyu a lokaci guda.
- An yanyanka rukunin da aka suturta da wuka mai kaifi kuma ana kulawa da su tare da lambun var.
- Lokacin yankan tsire-tsire, dole ne mutum ya tuna cewa da yake an girbe amfanin gona, haka ma ci gaban sabon harbe zai kasance, da kuma mataimakin.
- Idan rassa da yawa sun yi gasa da juna, suna ci gaba ta bangare guda, suna cire mai rauni, masu ƙarfi kuma suna kan hanyar ci gaba cikin daidaituwa a sarari.
- Ana yin aikin daskarewa ne kawai a lokacin ɓarkewar tsire-tsire, amma a zazzabi ba ƙasa da -8 ° C.
