Turkawa waɗanda baƙi daga Tsohuwar Duniya suka zama alama ce ta Amurka da Kanada, amma ƙarni da yawa karnuka masu yawa suka tashi cikin duniya. A da, lokacin da suka gabata, an sami nau'ikan nau'ikan turkey, hoto da kwatancen wanda zai taimaka wa manoma kaji novice kaji da zabi da fa'idar wani nau'in halittarsu.
A karni na karshe, kaji sun jawo hankalin manyan masu samar da nama. Daga wannan lokacin ne aka fara aiki da tsari na cire manyan toka-toasai masu saukar ungulu, wanda a lokacin yanka ya kai girman kilo 25-30.
Dabbobin zamani suna bambanta ba wai kawai a bayyanar da launi mai rudewa ba, har ma:
- lokacin samun nasarar rayuwa mafi kyau don yanka;
- nauyin jikin mutum da rabo tare da adadin naman da aka samu;
- kwai.
Edsungiyoyi na turkey don kiwo a gida suna dacewa da wurin kiwo. Irin wannan tsuntsu ne mai Hardy, da sauri gina nauyi, ba picky lokacin da zabar abinci.
Bronze turkeys
Tsohon turkawa, sanannu ne ga manoma masu kiwon kaji, sunanta ne saboda yanayin adonsu. Abubuwan da suka faru a baya suna da alama launin toka-ja, jan ƙarfe. A lokaci guda, a cikin manyan maza masu haske, na uku na sternum da wuya ana fentin kusan baki, iri ɗaya, kawai tare da tsinkayen tagulla na kwano a baya. Brownish da jan ratsi suna adon gashin fuka-fukai a wutsiya. Bambancin farin ratsi yana bayyane akan kwatangwalo da fikafikan turkey tagulla. Abubuwan haɓaka a kan tsuntsu da murjani suna da haske ja tare da sauyawa daga fari ko shuɗi.
Launin mace ya fi na zamani kyau, amma zaku iya gane tsuntsun ta hanyar farin adging a jikin gashin fuka-fukan, kirji da baya, ya fi kyau fiye da siliki na turkey na maza da kuma rashin kayan adon kai.
Matsakaicin nauyin turkey shine kilogiram 18, kuma turkey shine kilo 11. Mace na iya kwanciya har ƙwai 100 a shekara.
Tsuntsaye na iya jure wa barin waje ko da yanayin canjin yanayi. A cikin Kanada, a tsakiyar ƙarni na karshe, nau'ikan turkey na tagulla an buge shi tare da jimiri, kyawawan nauyi da haɓaka kwai. Abin takaici, a yau wannan nau'in turkey na Kanada kusan ya ƙare daga gonaki. Dangane da kididdigar tsuntsayen, a cikin 2013 akwai mutane 225 ne kawai suka ajiye gadoji a fadin kasar. Yau, ana yin wani kamfen don ƙirƙirar tsohon dabbobin da kuma kula da kiwo.
Harshen tsuntsayen tagulla da ake bice a cikin Amurka, kamar na Kanada, sun fito ne daga turke na daji. Amma a yau kusan ba a amfani da shi, yana ba da ƙarin layin kaji na zamani da yawa.
Bronze Broad-Breasted Turkeys
Wanda zai gaji turkey na tagulla ya kasance irin na turkey mai faffadar tagulla, a waje ɗaya yayi kama da magabatansu, amma ya fi girma a kirji na jiki. Matsakaicin nauyin turkey shine kilogiram 16, kuma na mace ita ce kilo 9. Turkawa, mai nauyin kilo 35, ana daukar shi zakara na irinsa.
Abin takaici, wannan nau'in turkey ba don kiwo a gida ba. Dalilin haka shine samar da ƙarancin ƙwai, ƙwai 50-60 kawai a shekara kuma rashin iya tafiya a waje. Amma tsuntsu yana sauƙin saba da abun ciki a cikin gidajen kaji na masana'antu.
A yau, ana amfani da wannan nau'in turkey na tagulla a cikin kiwo kuma an girma a cikin yanayin wuraren kiwon kaji na yau da kullun don nama.
Arewa Caucasian Bronze Turkeys
Bred a cikin 1946 a cikin USSR, nau'in turkey a gida yana girma har zuwa yau. Kakannin tsuntsun sun kasance wakilan nau'in turkey ne na gida da kuma masu samar da katako mai yawa, turken tagulla. Manyan mutane waɗanda suka dace da yanayin yanayi na tsare suna da ban sha'awa a girma.
Namiji ya girma har kilogiram 14. Kuma mace yawanci rabin wuta ce. Turkeys rush da kyau, kuma ku bayar da zuriyar.
Turkawa tagulla na Moscow
Daga turkey mai launin tagulla da tsuntsayen gida, an sami wani nau'in gida - turkey tagulla na Moscow. Kamar haka daga bayanin da hoto na irin, turkeys na wannan nau'in suna da kirjin convex mai fadi da kuma jiki mai tsayi. Tsuntsaye suna da wuya, suna jin daɗin kiwo, wanda ya ba da damar kiyaye turkey ba wai kawai a cikin manyan gidajen kaji ba, har ma a cikin gonaki masu zaman kansu.
Maza wannan nau'in turkey don kiwo a gida ya kai nauyin kilo 19. Turkawa sun fi karami, matsakaicin nauyinsu shine kilo 10.
Farar fata mai fadi-fari
A tsakiyar karni na karshe, a cikin Amurka, an samo shayarwa mai shayar da turkey, wanda a yau ya mamaye matsayin shugabannin da ba za a iya mantawa da su ba a duniya. Farar fata mai yaduwar fari shine sakamakon tsallakewar sanannun ire-iren fararen hular faransawa da yar amurka tagulla.
Dalilin yaduwar kajin kaji shine tsinkayenta, yawan cin nama mai abinci, wanda ya kai 80% ta nauyin gawa. Idan aka kwatanta da turkeys na tagulla, fararen tsuntsayen mata sukan kawo karin qwai, daga kusan 100 zuwa 120 a shekara.
Kushin dillalai na wannan nau'in suna da jiki mai ado tare da babban kirji mai nishi kuma cike da faffadar baya. Tsuntsu yana da kyakkyawan fata kuma yana haɗuwa da sunansa. Babu gashin fuka-fukan baƙaƙe a jikin, sai don ƙaramin kundi a kan sternum. Dogo mai ruwan hoda, kafaffun wurare masu yaduwa sun daɗe, suna da ƙarfi. Umwaya yana da yawa, fararen fata, a kirji wani yanki ne na fuka-fuki a baki.
Furanni masu farar fata na turke cikin kiwo suna ba da layuka uku:
- Layin mai nauyi da tsallaka daga shi turkey ne mai nauyin 25 kilogiram da turkey har zuwa kilo 11.
- Tsarin tsakiya - maza har zuwa 15 da mace har zuwa 7 kg.
- Mutane masu haske da giciye daga gare su, sun fi kyau da ƙarami. Turkawa masu nauyin kilogram 8, kuma mace tayi girma har 5 kg.
Alkalumman rikodin ba za su iya kasawa ga masu kera kaji da masu kaunar kaji ba. Turkawa masu kafaffun fararen fata sun zama waɗanda suka fara abubuwa da yawa, masu shahararrun kayayyaki masu ban sha'awa da giciye a cikin duniya.
Arewa Caucasian Farar fata
Daga tsallake turken tagulla da tsuntsayen fararen fata mai cike da fara'a, an sami nau'ikan tururuwa iri-iri - farin turkey na Arewacin Caucasian.
An bambanta irin wannan ta hanyar ƙarfin hali, saurin nauyi mai sauri da kuma ƙirar kwai, wanda za'a iya ɗauka rikodin. Keyan turkawa manya a kowace shekara na iya samar da kayan ƙwai 180 na ƙwai na gram 80.
An tsara shi don kiwo a gida, ana samun irin wannan a kan makiyaya ba tare da wata matsala ba kuma yana amfani da ciyarwar da ta fi dacewa.
Hoto da kwatancin BIG 6 turkey
Unitedasar Ingila ta Burtaniya (AMMA) Manyan aari 6 itace madaidaiciya, ingatacciya wacce take da ƙamushin turkey wacce aka yi amfani da ita sosai a masana'antar samar da naman kaji. An karɓar layin samari ta hanyar masu shayarwa na Biritaniya da Kanada. Godiya ga kyakkyawan sakamako na kiwo na gida, kwatankwacin hoto da hotunan turkey, irin wannan ya zama yadu cikin ƙasashe da yawa a duniya.
Kamar yadda za'a iya gani a hoto, BIG 6 turkeys sune farin tsuntsaye masu ƙarfi a cikinsu:
- dogo mai karfi;
- chestan uwan mutane biyu, har zuwa uku na gawawwakin gawa;
- kai tsaye
- kafaffun madaidaiciya madaidaicin launi mai launin shuɗi;
- plumage fari tare da karamin yanki a kirji.
An kawata kawunan kawunan rawunan turkey da murjani masu launin shuɗi da doguwar, har zuwa 15 cm haɓaka ɗan ƙasa.
Idan aka kwatanta da sauran kiwo, BIG 6 turkeys suna samun nauyi sosai. A cikin watanni biyar, pizza na iya yin nauyi zuwa kilo 12. Amma waɗannan ba iyakance dabi'u bane. Theaukar nauyin turkey mai nauyi a lokacin yanka zai iya kaiwa kilo 25-30 tare da mafi girman yawan ƙwayar nama mai inganci.
