Camellia (Kamara) - Bishiyoyi, bishiyoyi masu fure-fure ko bishiyun dangin Tea (Yazan) Yawancin jinsunan halittar sun girma a yankuna tare da yanayin canjin yanayin ƙasa da ƙasa, a kudu maso gabas da Asiya ta Tsakiya, Indochina, Japan, Java, Tsibirin Philippine. A halin yanzu, sama da nau'ikan camellia 250 ne aka bayyana. Mafi mashahuri nau'in sune Camellia sinensis, ko Tea Bush, daga ganyen da shayi yake. Yawancin nau'ikan camellia ana amfani dasu a cikin gida da kuma floriculture na ado.
Kamara.
Ganyen camelia abu ne mai laushi, mai launin fata, mai sheki, tare da nasihu ko tukwane. Manyan furanni masu ɗimbin yawa, masu ado, masu launuka iri-iri. Akwai tsire-tsire masu launin fari, cream, ruwan hoda da furanni ja. Camellias tare da bicolor, furanni biyu suna da ban sha'awa sosai. A furannin ana iya samun ƙananan aibobi, rariyoyi da miƙewar launi, saboda haka zamu iya faɗi tare da amincewa cewa camellias ba a banza bane la'akari da mafi kyawun tsirrai da tsirrai. Lokacin fure na camellias yana da tsawo kuma yana daga farkon kaka zuwa tsakiyar lokacin bazara. Ana amfani da camellias sosai don shimfidar wuri da kuma ƙirƙirar shimfidar wuri. Ana amfani da ganyen tsiro don samar da mayuka masu mahimmanci.
Iri Camellia
Yawancin nau'ikan jinsunan: camellia, Sinanci, dutse, Jafananci, Williams. Babu kasa da kyau da kuma irin irin camellia. Duk da gaskiyar cewa camellia abu ne mai matukar wahala kuma yana da wahala ka kula da kayan son gida, da aka ba sirrin girma, zaka iya cimma nasarar ci gaba da ingantaccen shuka na shuka.
Kula da camellia a gida
Camellias tsire-tsire ne mai hoto, saboda haka ya fi kyau a sanya tukwane na fure tare da shuka a kan windows na yamma ko kuma bayyanar kudu. Ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa dutsen camellia yana yin haƙuri da hasken rana. Amma camellia Jafananci dole ne a yi inuwa. A inji sosai kula da kwatsam canje-canje a cikin zafin jiki da kuma cikakken bai yi haƙuri da zayyana. Hakanan, a lokacin lokacin furanni na camellia, ba a ba da shawarar sake shirya tukunyar fure tare da shuka daga wuri zuwa wuri, don haka ya fi kyau a zabi wuri mafi kyau don sanya shuka.
A cikin hunturu, ana iya kiyaye camellia akan glagia, mai toshe ƙasa, yayin da zazzabi kada ya kasance ƙasa da digiri 10 - 10 Celsius. Yanayin yanayi na daki mai zafi mummunan rinjayar ci gaban tsirrai.
Camellia ja da ruwan hoda.
Tsire-tsire suna son iska mai laushi, sabili da haka, don ƙara yawan zafi a cikin ɗakin, kusa da shuka, zaku iya sanya akwati tare da ruwa ko sanya tukwane tare da tsire-tsire akan trays tare da yumɓu mai yalwa ko ƙananan pebbles. An bada shawara don fesa ganyen camellia akai-akai tare da ruwa mai laushi, amma a lokaci guda, ruwa bai kamata ya faɗi akan fure ko fure na tsire-tsire ba, saboda wannan na iya haifar da lalata furannin fure ko faduwa.
A lokacin rani, dole ne a shayar da tsire-tsire akai-akai ta amfani da tace ko ruwa mai tsayawa a zazzabi a ɗakin. A cikin hunturu, ana rage yawan ruwa. Haka nan kar a kwarara kwararar ruwan 'camellia' ko tsawanta bushewa daga cikin laimar kasa. A lokacin samuwar fure fure, ana bada shawara ga dan kadan bushe busasshiyar earthen, amma ba har sai ta bushe gaba daya ba.
Tare da farawar bazara, bayan bayyanar farkon harbe-harbe, camellia yana buƙatar taki. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da takaddun ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya don tsirrai. Lokacin dilkawa taki a ruwa, zai fi kyau ka rage taro sau biyu idan aka kwatanta shi da abin da aka nuna a umarnin. Camellia baya buƙatar ciyarwa akai-akai, kuma wuce haddi na gina jiki na iya haifar da mutuwar shuka. A ƙarshen lokacin rani, an daina ciyar da abinci na 'camellia', tunda a wannan karon ana dage farawar ciyawar nan gaba.
Bushes na camellia.
Camellias yana girma sosai kuma yana haɓakawa a cikin ƙasa na acidic, don haka lokacin dasa tsire-tsire, kuna buƙatar sayan ƙasa ta musamman don camellias ko acidify a kai a kai tare da dropsan saukad da lemun tsami ko takin gargajiya na musamman. Haɗin yumɓun ya kamata ya ƙunshi babban peat, yashi, vermiculite, haushi ƙasa. Perlite. A ƙasan tukwane na filayen fure ƙaramin ɗumbin yumɓu na yumɓu. Za'a iya aiwatar da safarar tsire-tsire daga ƙarshen kaka zuwa Fabrairu, saboda camellias suna hutawa a wannan lokacin.
Tsarin matasa na camellias suna buƙatar dasawa akai-akai; ana iya dasa shukar tsire-tsire a cikin sau ɗaya sau uku zuwa shekaru huɗu. Dole ne a aiwatar da jujjuyawar a hankali kuma a hana lalacewar tushen tsarin tsiron. Tsakanin tushen tsiro da gangar jikin shine tushen wuya, wanda ba za a yayyafa shi da ƙasa. Tukwane na camellia an zaɓi mafi kyau da yawa.
Kamara.
Bayan fure, zaka iya datsa rassan shuka. Hakanan wajibi ne don bincika camellia a kai a kai don kwari. Don rigakafin bazara, ana ba da shawarar don dalilai na rigakafi don feshi da bi da tsire-tsire tare da takin gargajiya na fungicidal ko takin gargajiya.
Kiwon kamara na Camellia
An yada Camellia ta hanyar rarraba daji, harbe harbe, tsaba, grafting, cuttings. Considereda'idar shuka tana da amfani sosai. Tun da tsaba camellia da sauri rasa ƙarfin haurensu, yana da shawarar a dasa su nan da nan bayan girbi. Shuka tsaba a cikin kwantena na fure tare da cakuda ƙasa wadda aka riga aka shirya, wadda ta ƙunshi peat doki, ƙaramin yashi da perlite. Mafi yawan zafin jiki na germinus shine 18-22. Bayan ganyen farko biyu sun bayyana. seedlings nutse cikin tukwane daban daban. Dasa tare da wannan hanyar, camellias zai iya riga ya yi fure a shekara ta biyu ko ta uku.
Kamara.
Siffofin Varietal na camellias sun fi yaduwa ta hanyar katako masu raba raga, waɗanda aka yanka a hankali a ƙarshen bazara. Matasa, kore harbe basu dace da haifuwa ba. Tushen daskararre a cikin karamin danshi, yayin da ake sauri rooting, zaku iya rufe saman tare da filastik kunsa ko gilashin gilashi. Don tushen nasara, ana amfani da abubuwan kara kuzari da daskararru.
Hanyar mafi yawan lokaci-lokaci shine yaduwar camellia ta hanyar yadudduka, duk da haka, tare da wannan hanyar yana yiwuwa a sami nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire waɗanda za su yi farin ciki tare da fure tuni a shekara ta biyu bayan dasa.
