Lokacin girma kayan lambu a cikin seedlings, ya zama dole don amfani da takin gargajiya don shuka. Manyan riguna suna da babban tasiri ga ci gaban shuka, amma ƙari da ƙarin abubuwan gina jiki na buƙatar wasu ilimin daga masu girbi.
Lokacin girma kayan lambu a cikin seedlings, yana da matukar muhimmanci a zaɓi ba kawai kayan kayan ƙwaya da ƙasa kawai ba, har ma don yin takin da yakamata na shuka a cikin ci gaban haɓaka. Wararrun masu noman kayan masarufi sun san cewa riguna na sama suna da babban tasirin ci gaban shuka. Koyaya, wannan aiwatar yana buƙatar yarda. Sabili da haka, kafin takin seedlings, ya zama dole a zabi nau'in, tsari da abun da ke ciki na cakuda abinci mai gina jiki.
Ma'adinan ma'adinai na 'ya'yan itaciya na kayan lambu
Manyan riguna na wannan nau'in sun ƙunshi ƙwayoyin inorganic, yawancin salts ma'adinai. Ya danganta da nau'in cikawa, takin zamani na shuka masu sauki ne tare da microelement ɗaya ko hadaddun, ya ƙunshi ma'adanai da yawa.
Babban ma'adanai waɗanda ke buƙatar cikakken ci gaban shuka:
- Nitrogen: nitonium nitrate (35% nitrogen), urea (46% nitrogen), ammonium sulfate (20% nitrogen), ammoniya ruwa (20-25% nitrogen).
- Phosphorus: superphosphate (20% phosphorus) ko sau biyu superphosphate (40-50% phosphorus).
- Potassium: potassium chloride (50-60% potassium oxide), gishiri mai gishiri (30-40% K20), potassium sulfate (45-50% K20).
Tare da rashin kowane ma'adinai, haɓakar seedling yana raguwa da sauri. Ganyenta ya samo launi koren haske, ya zama ƙarami ya fara faɗuwa. Tare da yawan wuce haddi na takin mai magani, inji na iya konewa ya mutu. Sabili da haka, kafin takin seedlings, ya zama dole a bincika umarnin a hankali kuma, daidai da ƙa'idodin da aka ambata, yi kayan miya.
Tsarin gargajiya na seedlingsan tsire-tsire
Haɗin wannan nau'in taki ya haɗa da kwayoyin halitta. Babban amfani da kayan miya shine cewa ya ƙunshi nau'ikan ma'adinai ɗaya ba, amma kusan dukkanin abubuwan gina jiki masu mahimmanci. Ba za a iya danganta irin wannan takin ta halitta ga kowane jinsin mutum ba, tunda manyan abubuwan ma'adinai suna nan a ciki. Bugu da kari, sauran ma'adanai suna dauke da sikandire daban-daban: cobalt, boron, jan karfe, manganese, da sauransu.
Tsarin takin gargajiya na ofan tsire-tsire:
- Taki. Amfanin yin amfani da taki cikakke ne na dukkan abubuwanda suke bukata. Bugu da kari, bayan da aka kara shi, halayen halitta da na zahiri na kasar gona sun inganta. A ciki, carbon dioxide, ya zama dole don abincin carbon na shuka, ya fara yalwa.
- Ickanyen Kaya. Babban fasalinta shine babban aikinta. Ya ƙunshi babban adadin nitrogen, potassium phosphorus.
- Takarda. Ana shirya irin wannan takin ne a cikin gida a sauƙaƙe. Don shirye-shiryensa, ana amfani da ganyaye, bambaro, ciyawa, ciyawar dankalin turawa, datti da yawa na dafa abinci, da sauransu.
Aikace-aikacen takin gargajiya na shuka yana ba da sakamako mai kyau, amma zai iya zama mai wahala ga mai farawa ya tantance ya kamata. Sabili da haka, kafin ciyarwa, ya fi samun ƙarin shawara daga kwararrun masana.
Taki don seedlings na kabeji
Don samun kyawawan ƙwayar kabeji, aikace-aikacen taki yana farawa bayan bayyanar ganye 1-2 na gaskiya. An shawarar Urea a matsayin farkon riguna na farko. Har zuwa wannan, 30 g na kayan suna narkewa a cikin ruwa 10 na ruwa. Sakamakon bayani zai isa ya aiwatar 2-3 m². Kafin amfani da taki don seedlings na kabeji, dole ne a shayar da ƙasa.
Lokaci na biyu ana amfani da takin zamani makonni biyu kafin dasa shuki na matasa a bude ƙasa. Don yin wannan, daga 15 zuwa 25 g na potassium sulfate da potassium chloride suna narkewa a guga na ruwa (10 l). Hakanan zaka iya ƙara urea a daidai wannan adadin. Sakamakon abinci mai narkewa a cikin nau'i mai dumi ana amfani da kowane tsire-tsire a cikin farashin 1 lita a cikin tsire-tsire 5.
Ma'adinan ma'adinai na seedlings na kabeji za'a iya maye gurbinsu da Organic. Seedlingsan itacen bishiyar kabeji yana nuna haɓaka mai kyau bayan yin tsagewar tsuntsu.
An zubar da wani sashi na zuriyar dabbobi tare da sassan 2-3 na ruwan dumi kuma an bar shi don kwanaki da yawa don nace. A sakamakon da aka diluted da ruwa 1:10 kuma takin.
Taki don seedlings na cucumbers
Ko da an shuka ƙwayar shuka a cikin ƙasa mai ingantaccen shiri, tsire-tsire har ila yau yana buƙatar ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki yayin aiwatar da haɓaka. A lokacin duk tsawon girma kokwamba seedlings, fertilizing ne yake aikata kusan sau biyu.
Matsakaicin lalata abubuwan gina jiki da shuka zai iya samu idan ana amfani da takin zamani na seedlings na cucumbers da sassafe a rana mai zafi.
Tare da farawa na farkon ganye na gaskiya, farawa na farko na farawa yana farawa. Don ƙanana kaɗan kokwamba, yana da kyau a yi amfani da takin mai magani a cikin ruwa. Don yin wannan, tsarma maganin mullein da ruwa (1: 8), sannan ku zuba tumatir matasa tare da cakuda abinci mai gina jiki a zazzabi a ɗakin. Idan za a yi amfani da taki na kaza a matsayin taki don girke-girke na gida na cucumbers, to, an narkar da shi da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1:10.
Na biyu saman miya ne da za'ayi kwanaki kafin a dasa kananan shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa bude. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne don shirya wani bayani game da cakuda abinci mai gina jiki, wanda ya kunshi 10 l na ruwa, 10-15 g na urea, 15-20 g na chloride ko potassium sulfate da 35-40 g na superphosphate (umarnin don amfani a gonar).
Takin tsire-tsire na tumatir tumatir
A kan aiwatar da girma tumatir tumatir, ana amfani da abinci mai gina jiki sau da yawa. Ana amfani da takin zamani na tumatir bayan nutsewa bayan kwanaki 10. An ba da shawarar shayar da tsirrai tare da takin gargajiya, wanda zai haɓaka haɓakar dattijai mai rauni. Anyi bayanin asalin tsarin abinci mai cakuda abinci daga mullein ko kwararar tsuntsu a sama.
Hakanan, itacen ash, wanda ya ƙunshi adadin abubuwa da yawa na abubuwan ganowa, ya tabbatar da kansa azaman taki don tumatir na gida.
Don 2-3 m² na yankin da aka shuka, lita 8 na ruwa, 70-80 g na ash da 15-25 mg na ammonium nitrate za a buƙaci. Za'a iya amfani da wannan cakuda mai gina jiki a cikin kwanaki 10-13 bayan aikace-aikacen takin zamani.
Kowane ciyar da kowane shuka ya kamata ya ƙare da ban ruwa tare da ruwan dumi. Lokacin amfani da takin zamani, guji samun takin a kan takardar takarda. Don hana ƙonewa a cikin ganyayyaki bayan shayarwa, ana bada shawara ga yayyafa duk tsire-tsire da ruwa.
