Manettia daga gidan madder ya bayyana kwanan nan a cikin al'adun daki. Kyakkyawan kyakkyawan kayan ado-deciduous da kyakkyawan fure-fure mai kyau ya fara mamaye wuri mai mahimmanci a cikin kayan ado na ɗakuna, lambuna na hunturu, da sasanninta hutu. Mai shirya kyakkyawa, mai tallafi, ya shiga tare da kyakkyawan itacen furanni a cikin tukunyar tebur, bango mai rai a cikin ofishi - zaɓuɓɓuka don amfani da wannan fure mai ban mamaki a cikin ɗakin daki.
Siffofin Iyali
Yankin rarrabuwa na dangin madder ya rufe dukkan nahiyoyi 5 kuma tsire-tsire ne na kungiyoyi daban-daban - magani, 'ya'yan itace, fure, yanke shawara da kayan ado a cikin nau'ikan bishiyoyi, tsirrai, vines da ganye, har zuwa ciyawa. Yankin rarraba yanki ya haɓaka babban dacewa da iyalai don yanayin rayuwa. Marens ya mamaye dukkan nau'ikan grad (matakai) tun daga ciyawar ciyawar har zuwa can can can daji na fari. Ana iya samunsu a ko'ina a duniyarmu: a yankin mai zafi, wurare masu zafi, yankuna masu sanyin sanyi da yankuna masu sanyi na ƙasashe daban-daban.
Manettia.
Daga cikin mahaukacin akwai nau'ikan kayan maye, wanda launi mai haske na fure, keɓaɓɓun nectar da ƙanshi mai daɗi. Furanninsu na iya zama bishiyar bishiyoyi, daskararru, ƙudan zuma, amma akwai tsire-tsire waɗanda ke ɓoye ƙwanƙolinsu a gindin proboscis-fure masu fure-fure daga furen furannin corolla. Wannan asalin rukuni ne na tsirrai masu-zafin ruwa wanda kwari ke sawa, tsutsotsi, tsutsotsi, ko hummingbirds. Irin wannan tsiron da ba a saba gani ba a cikin wannan iyali manettia, an gabatar da shi a sigar daki mai dauke da kallo guda da ake kira manettia mai tsayi ko manettia mai sautin biyu.
Siffofin ilimin halittar mutum
Wurin haifuwa na manettia shine yanki mai laushi na Kudancin Amurka. A cikin gwagwarmayar rayuwa yayin kwantar da gandun daji mai laima, ƙarancin bishiyar ya girma na tsawon lokaci zuwa itacen inabi mai ciyawa, yana kan haske. A wannan batun, manettia ya haɓaka dukiyar haɓaka mai sauri kuma yana da ikon girma har zuwa mita 5-8 a cikin shekara guda, yana rufe da tallafi. A cikin al'adun daki, da girma ya iyakance ga pinching da kuma dasa pruning.
Swollen manettia itacen ɓarawon itacen daji ne na ɓarnatacce, wanda a cikin gida zai iya kai mita 1.5 a tsawo. A cikin ciyawar cikin gida, ana amfani da ita azaman fure mai fure. Ganyen yana da duhu kore, yana bada kashe maras kyau a karkashin hasken fatar mutum. A kan itacen zaitun, suna da akasin a kan ɗan gajeren petioles, suna da nau'i mai zagaye-zagaye ko fadi-lanceolate har zuwa 4-10 cm tsayi. Flowering yana da yalwatacce kuma yana da tsawo - daga watan Fabrairu zuwa Oktoba. Furanni suna da guda ɗaya, tubular, 2-3 cm tsayi. Kyauta ta musamman ga furanni ana ba da ita ne ta hanyar ƙwayar gashi mai laushi mai laushi. A furanni, filayen Corolla, ruwan lemu-ja ko ja mai haske, sun girma zuwa wani bututu mai kumburi a ɗan gindi. Zuwa saman fure, theanyen filayen kwalliya na canza launi zuwa launin rawaya mai haske, wanda inji ya sami suna na biyu, manettia mai launi biyu.
Manettia.
Siffofin kulawa da manettia a gida
Wurin Cikin gida
Tsirrai masu fure tare da yawan furanni koyaushe suna buƙatar tsananin haske. Mannitium ya kumbura, duk da cewa a cikin yanayi na dabi'a ya girma a karkashin inuwar gandun daji, ya isa mafi yawan furanni tare da wani adadin hasken rana kai tsaye da safe kuma ya bazu amma hasken rana yayin rana. Tare da rashin haske, yana samar da ƙananan furanni, masu launin launi. Tare da wuce haddi na hasken wuta, ganye suna rasa m canza launi, juya kodadde kuma sau da yawa fada a kashe. Don haɓaka al'ada da haɓaka, ana saka manettium a cikin ɗakunan da ke da kyau, suna rufewa a lokacin cin abincin rana daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
Bukatar zafin jiki na iska
Matsakaicin yanayin zafi don haɓaka da haɓakar mannitium shine 22-26 ºС, mafi girma suna masu baƙin ciki. A cikin hunturu, dole ne a cire tsire-tsire daga batir mai zafi kuma a samar da abun ciki mai sanyi tare da yawan zafin jiki a cikin kewayon 15-16 ºС, ba ƙasa da +12 ºС ba.
Kasa bukatar
Gaurayawar ƙasa na ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance mai laushi, haske, mai gina jiki sosai, mai ɗan acidic (pH = 5-5.5).
An shirya ma'adinin ne daga kashi 50% na ƙasar Heather da kuma 50% na ƙari na wasu nau'ikan ƙasa. Idan Heather ba ya nan kusa, zaku iya amfani da ƙasa na gandun daji na Pine. Cire saman 5-8 cm Layer, hagu kuma ƙara cakuda wanda ya ƙunshi ɓangaren yashi 1 da ciyawar sassan 2, peat da filayen sheet. Dukkan sassan an haɗu da haɓaka tare da takin gargajiya (humus) a cikin adadin 15-20% na nauyin ƙasa cakuda. Humus ya zama dole don haɓaka friability, ruwa da permeability iska. Idan babu yiwuwar shirya kai na substrate, zaku iya siyan girke-girke da aka shirya a shagon (abun da ke ciki na geraniums). Friability na substrate lokacin da kula da manettia an kiyaye shi ta ci gaba da loosening bayan ruwa.
Watsewa na Manettia
Manettium ya kumbura a matsayin wakilin shayin ƙarƙashin ƙasa, yana samar da babban taro a sama, kuma yana buƙatar wadataccen shayarwa. Shouldasan yakamata ya kasance mai danshi (ba rigar) a cikin tanki. Ana aiwatar da abin sha na gaba lokacin da saman 3-5 cm na ƙasa ya bushe. A cikin hunturu, ciyar da mafi wuya tare da matsakaici matsakaici yana gudana 1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 10. Zuba bakin ciki mai zurfi tare da gefen tanki har sai ruwa ya bayyana a cikin kwanon rufi. 0.5 hours bayan watering, ruwa daga kwanon rufi an drained. Shuke-shuke ba sa yin haƙuri bushewa bushewa da kuma dampness na earthen coma. Don amfani da ban ruwa da kyau, ingantaccen, m, ruwa mai ɗumi. Watering tare da ruwan chlorinated ruwan sanyi yana haifar da cutar har ma da mutuwar shuka.
Manettia.
Manettia tana ƙaunar yanayin zafi, musamman ma a yanayin zafi. Saboda haka, ya kamata a fesa tsire-tsire akai-akai sau 2-3 a mako. Bugu da kari, kwantena dauke da tsire-tsire ana sanya su a trays tare da yumbu mai kauri. Rage kullun, zai taimaka ga ƙirƙirar microclimate tare da zafi mai zafi. Dole ne a saukar da tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane cikin mako-mako a cikin kwandon ruwa na awa 0.5.
Ciyar da Manettia
An ciyar da Manettia a lokacin lokacin girma da haɓaka (Maris-Satumba) tare da takin fure a cikin nau'in ruwa sau ɗaya kowane makonni 2 a ƙarƙashin ruwa. Kudin da aka ba da shawarar taki ya ragu. Shan ruwa yana haifar da raguwar juriya ga cututtuka da kwari. Ma'adinai hadi da madadin tare da Organic. Kusan cokali ɗaya na taki mai girma, wanda za'a iya siyarwa a shagon fure, ana kawo shi a gandun daji ɗaya.
Sake bugun Manettia
Manettia baya cikin membobin ƙwararrun ƙarfafan yara kuma yana buƙatar sabuntawa koyaushe ta hanyar sake buɗe sabbin tsirrai. Young tsire-tsire Bloom profusely, da haihuwa samfurori rasa su kyakkyawa, rataye ƙasa tare da danda mai tushe. Sabili da haka, ya zama dole a kowane samfuran samfuran matasa waɗanda aka samo su daga kaffarar cuttings ko kuma ta hanyar yaduwar iri.
Tsarin iri
Don shuka tsaba, an shirya farantin ƙaramin. Madadin ƙasa daga cakuda peat da yashi (1: 1) yana dafe. Bayan sun shuka, suna kula da zafi sosai a cikin kore ta hanyar fesa iska ta wurin atomizer mai kyau, kuma yawan zafin jiki yana cikin kewayon + 23- + 25 * С. Bayan makonni 2-3, seedlings suka bayyana. Seedlingsan da suka girma a shekarun 20-22 sun yi nitsar cikin tukwane dabam tare da cakuda ƙasa da ƙasa. Kula seedling ne na kowa. Shukewar tsire-tsire suna dasawa har abada lokacin da dunƙule na ƙasa ke gudana gabaɗaya daga tushen sa.
Farfagandar ta yanke
Kayan kayan lambu don yaduwar manettia za a iya girbe su daga watan Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu lokacin da za a girke kurangar inabi tare da kara ko kuma huɗa apical.
- Yanke yankansu yakai tsawon cm 8-10. Ana yin yanka nan da nan a ƙarƙashin ƙasan ganye. Kashe ƙananan ganye da wuri kafin dasa shuki don 1-2 a cikin mafita na tushe ko wasu ƙwayoyin tsoratarwa.
- Yi ƙasa cakuda peat da yashi a cikin rabo na 1: 1.
- Rage cuta da shirya tukwane. Stack mai kyau malalewa kuma rufe shirye substrate. Moisturize da kyau (zaka iya amfani da maganin a cikin abin da cutukan suke). A cikin tukunya 1, ana iya dasa tsiron 2-4.
- An rufe ganyen tare da jaka amintacciyar jaka kuma a saka a cikin ɗumi mai ɗumi, amma haske mai haske sosai. Kula da yanayin zafi na iska da ƙasa a matakin ƙarshe. Idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da dumama ƙasa. Rooting yana daga mako biyu zuwa watanni 1.0-1.5.
Manettia.
Juyawa daga ciki
Matasa tsirrai da ke girma cikin tukwane daban ko kuma tukwane na filashi suna ƙarƙashin dasawa shekara-shekara. An aiwatar da dasawa kafin fure, ta yin amfani da cakuda ƙasa na al'ada na waɗannan tsirrai. Don samun fure mai sauri, tukunya lokacin dasawa yana ɗaukar girman 1 kawai ya fi girma. A cikin irin wannan yanayin, manettium yana haɓaka da sauri, yana ƙoƙarin samar da kansa daga zuriya. An dasa mafi yawan tsire-tsire lokacin da aka gauraye Tushen a cikin kwandon shara daga ƙasa. Za'a iya haɗu da dasa tsiro tare da kwalliyar kwalliya. Zai fi kyau kada a dasa shukar tsire-tsire a saman goyon baya ko phytostall, amma maye gurbin saman Layer na ƙasa cakuda da sabon abun da ke ciki.
Trimming da siffar taro na sama
Ana iya tsara manettia kamar daji ko creeper akan tallafi. A matsayin tallafi, zaku iya amfani da arcs, grids, gratings da wasu na'urori. Don samun tsari na daji, ana yin shuki a cikin bazara kafin fure, yankan harbe harbe rabi da kuma pinching girma lashes lokacin bazara.
Amfani da manettia a ciki
- Al'adar tukunyar tata tana da kyau a windows ta kudu maso yamma, tana jan hankalin da yawa tare da kusan fure mai kamannin shekara.
- A lokacin da girma a rataye planter, suka sami wani m ampule shuka, da drooping whips wanda, da yawa an rufe shi da m foliage tare da haske fitilu na furanni, ba na musamman laya ga dakin.
- Za a iya yin phytowall a cikin nau'i mai siffar maraƙi ko ta ɗaga ayaba a kan tallafin da aka gama. Ana iya amfani da irin wannan phytowall don raba makaranta ko kusurwar kwamfuta a cikin ɗaki.
Manettia.
Kariyar Manettia daga cututtuka da kwari
Kamar kowane tsire-tsire, manettia yana cutar da cututtuka da kwari, amma an haramta amfani da sinadarai a al'adun ɗakin don kare kai daga lalacewa.
Daga cikin kwari, manettia ne mafi sau da yawa shafi aphids, thrips da gizo-gizo mites. Don amfanin gona na cikin gida, ana bada shawara ga tura samfuran halittu marasa lahani ga mutane da dabbobi, Fitoverm, Entobacterin.
Idan akwai alamun cutar (fashewar tsirrai, faduwar budurwa da sauransu), zaku iya amfani da samfurin halittar "Fitosporin", Alirin-B a cikin haɗin kayan samfurin "Gamair", "Spark-Bio". Don kare tsire-tsire na cikin gida, zaku iya amfani da wasu samfuran halittu daga jerin masu izini, wanda aka canza kowace shekara kuma ya cika tare da sababbin hanyoyin.
Duk samfuran samfuran halitta da aka ba da kariya ga tsire-tsire na cikin gida daga kwari da cututtuka dole ne a yi amfani da su sosai gwargwadon shawarar da aka nuna akan kunshin ko bayanin umarnin.
