Abubuwa biyu daga dangin amaryllis ba su da bambanci a farkon kallo. Duk tsirrai biyu suna samar da kibiya da aka yi ado da ita da giram mai ɗumbin yawa na kyakkyawa mai ban mamaki. Da farko, ba a girma furanni ne kawai a cikin gidajen kore, inda aka kirkiro yanayi mai kama da na halitta don su. Koyaya, masu ilimin botanists sun samo alamu da yawa waɗanda ke nuna bambance-bambance tsakanin hippeastrum da amaryllis a cikin hoto da kuma a cikin kundin tarihin nau'in shuka.
Tarihin bayyanar a Turai da abin da ke sa fure ya yi kama
Turai ta buɗe sabon furanni na cikin gida ba ƙarshen marigayi ba, kuma an fara ambata a cikin jerin sunayen ƙwararrun tsire-tsire a cikin 1737, waɗanda ake kira lilies da zaki na farko. Asalin halittar da aka bayyana Amaryllis ya dogara ne da bayanin kwatancen farko na samfurori da aka kawo daga Afirka ta Kudu. Daga baya, sababbin samfuran samfurori waɗanda aka kawo daga ƙasashen zuriyar Amurka suka fara danganta su ga irin jinsin.
A shekara ta 1821, masanin ilimin botan W. Herbert ya gano manyan bambance-bambance tsakanin Amaryllis daga Afirka da tsirrai daga yankuna na Amurka. Sabuwar halittar ana kiranta Hippeastrum. A lokaci guda, Amaryllis kyakkyawa shine na gaskiya kuma kawai jinsuna ne, duk sauran nau'ikan iri da kuma nau'ikan hybrids ana kiransu Hippeastrum ko Hippeastrum matasan. Anungiyar Botanical ta Duniya ta kafa wannan doka ne kawai a cikin 1954.
A tsakiyar karni na XIX, an ba da rahoton isar da amaryllis zuwa St. Petersburg. A shekara ta 1936, an shirya ɗamara don samar da kwararan fitila a Adler, kuma an gudanar da aikin zaɓi a cikin Estonia a Kwalejin Gwajin Kwayar halitta tun daga 1953.
Hippeastrum da amaryllis sune tsire-tsire masu bulbous. Suna ninka da tsaba, yara da sikeli daga kwan fitila. Bayan tsawon hutawa, kibiya ya yi girma daga kwan fitila, an yi masa kambi tare da manyan gramophones. Bayan tsawan furanni, lokacin farawa.
Tsarin launuka da launuka iri-iri ne. Ga masoya, furanni duka biyu cikakke ne kyakkyawa, girman kan mai shi ne.
Mene ne bambanci tsakanin hippeastrum da amaryllis?
Amaryllis kyakkyawa, amaryllis belladonna, waɗannan sune sunayen halittar mutum ɗaya da nau'ikan tsire-tsire na Amaryllis. Hippeastrum azaman dabi'a yana wakiltar nau'in 90. An rarrabe su azaman iri da kuma nau'ikan dabbobi:
- iri iri na dabi'a;
- tare da furanni tubular tsayi;
- haye tare da amaryllis;
- tare da hyperastrum regina;
- hybrids - Leopold;
- terry;
- orchid-kamar;
- karamar fure;
Koyaya, akwai hybrids waɗanda basu dace da bayanin kowane ɗayan waɗannan ƙananan rukuni ba.
Tsire-tsire suna bambanta a lokacin samuwar ganye da faɗuwarsu. Ganyayyakin Amaryllis sun bayyana bayan fure kuma suna taimakawa wajen cike wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki. Bayan wannan, ganyayyaki mutu a kashe, kuma kwan fitila shiga cikin dormant zamani. Lokacin da fure, amaryllis basu da ganye. Amaryllises Bloom a ƙarshen bazara da kaka, sakewa da kibiya mai sowa tare da toho na furanni masu matsakaici wanda suke zuwa guda 12. A wannan yanayin, furanni suna haifar da ƙanshin m. Amaryllis ke fure sau ɗaya kawai a shekara.
Hippeastrum Bloom a cikin hunturu kuma kusa da bazara. Furanni sun kai diamita na 25 cm, wanda yake a kan m tushe wanda aka raba shi da ganye. Kowane kibiya na iya samun gram 2 zuwa 6. Fulawa tayi kimanin watanni biyu.
Kuna iya yanke kibiya ya sa a cikin ruwar ruwa. Idan ka canza ruwan yau da kullun, fure zai yi tsawo. Empan fitila da aka kwashe suna iya ba da wani mai harbi. Zai iya yin fure tare da kulawa mai kyau sau 2 a shekara.
Masu siyarwa suna iya kiran amurkall Hippeastrum. Sabili da haka, kuna samo kwan fitila, zaku iya yanke shawara daidai irin nau'in tsire-tsire a gaban ku. A cikin amaryllis, kwan fitila yana da siffar pear, an rufe shi da hutu. Idan ka raba farantin, to a cikin saƙa, mai kama da yanar gizo. Siffar kwan fitilar hippeastrum zagaye ne, elongated, haske mai waldi, ba tare da yaduba ba.
Ganyayyakin Amaryllis sune kunkuntar, mai laushi. A cikin hipeastrum, ganye suna da elongated, kamar belts, a tsaye ko drooping, amma sai a zazzage kwan fitila yayin furanni, idan an dasa tushen. Yana faruwa cewa ganyayyaki bayan dasawa har yanzu sun ɓace, kuma tuni kibiya ya fito.
Kulawar Amaryllis
Kamar tsire-tsire masu ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar gida ɗaya na iyali, suna buƙatar irin wannan kulawa. Yana da matuƙar mahimmanci ga tsire-tsire don samar da lokacin dormant don kyakkyawan fure. A lokaci guda, zaman lafiya na amaryllis an kirkira a cikin bazara don fure a cikin kaka, kuma ya kamata a bushe hular hipastastrum kuma a saka shi cikin wuri mai duhu a wata daya kafin fure na gaba.
Ofaya daga cikin manyan bambance-bambancen zai kasance amfani da hippeastrum a matsayin amfanin gona mai yankan. A wannan yanayin, kibiya ba ta jawo abinci daga kwan fitila, kuma an dawo da sauri.
Mai haɗari ga Hippeastrum da amaryllis shine danshi na ƙasa mai wucewa tare da malalewa mara kyau. A wannan yanayin, cututtukan rot fungal na iya bayyana. Kafin dasa shuki, ya zama dole a sanya tilas ta zama wajibi tare da lura da kwan fitila tare da Kg na fungicide.
A kai a kai, ya kamata ka bincika tsirrai don kasancewar gizo-gizo gizo da scutellum, manyan maƙiyan waɗannan tsirrai.
