Cineraria (Cineraria) - mallakar iyalin Astrov ne. Ana amfani da wannan fure mafi girma don narkar da lambun azaman adon ado, shimfidar filayen fure da masu haɗuwa. A cikin tsarinta na waje, ya yi kama da yanayin asalin al'adun Krestovnikov. Daga cikin nau'ikan cineraria, zaku iya samun wakilai 50 na wannan dabi'ar, yayin da akwai yara fiye da 3,000. Kafin dasa shi a gonar, kuna buƙatar koya dan kadan game da tsari da bambance-bambancen fure daga sauran mazaunan gonar.
Bayanin Cineraria Shuka
Fassarar Latin na sunan cineraria yana nufin "ashen." Wannan itace tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire wanda ke girma a cikin nau'i na shrub ornamental shrub. A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, ya fi girma a Afirka a cikin ƙasashe masu zafi. Don namo cikin gida, nau'in jini guda ɗaya ne kawai, ko cineraria matasan sun dace. Koyaya, a cikin litattafan Botanical na hukuma, ana kiran wannan fure azaman gogaggen godson.
A cikin yankinmu, ana dasa cineraria a matsayin tsirrai na shekara daya ko biyu, mai tushe wanda ya kai kusan 30-90 cm kuma ana yi masu alamar. Yankunan ganye suna da farfajiya mai fa'ida da sihiri mai kyau. Mafi yawancin wakilan wannan dangin ana rarrabe su da ƙwanƙarin ganye. Reed tubular furanni, wanda aka fentin launin ja, fararen fari, rawaya ko ruwan hoda, samarda inflorescences thyroid. Flow ya fara a farkon lokacin bazara kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa farkon sanyi.
Girma cineraria daga tsaba
Shuka tsaba
Cineraria za a iya girma daga tsaba waɗanda aka saya a cikin shagunan lambun. A yawancin su, irin wannan kayan dasa kayan abu mai sauƙin samu ne, duk da cewa ba duk masu lambu suka san asalin asalin fure ba. Abubuwan Cineraria suna da babban adadin germination. Don samun seedlingsan seedlings, shuka yana farawa a farkon Afrilu. Kwantena suna cike da ƙasa hade-gauraye, sun ƙunshi adadin yashi da peat. Ya kamata a kiyaye zurfin Shuka a ƙaramin abu. Ya isa dan ɗan karamin saman ƙasa sama da tsaba kuma ya fesa ƙasa da feshi. Bayan dasawa, an rufe kwantena iri da gilashi don ƙirƙirar tasirin greenhouse da riƙe danshi.
'Yayan itace
Ganyen fari na farko sun bayyana bayan kwana 7 ko 10. Bayan haka za'a iya cire gilashin kuma adana kwantena tare da seedlings a cikin dakin mai haske. Lokacin da tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi isa, za su nutse cikin wasu tukwane. Dole ne a cire ciyawar a hankali kuma a watsa shi cikin tukwane da ke ƙunshe ƙasa ɗaya cakuda ko peat briquettes, yayin da ke riƙe ƙammar ƙura a kan tushen sa. Don haka babu matsala bayan haka lokacin dasa shuki a cikin wata fure. Tare da tsananin aiwatar da duk shawarwari da tsarin ban ruwa, ƙananan tsire-tsire za su ci gaba sosai a sabon wuri. Suna da sauri suna da tushe a cikin ƙasa kuma cikin sauri zai faranta maka rai tare da harbi matasa.
Sauke cineraria a bude take
Don bunƙasa kyawawan furanni masu lafiya, ba kwa buƙatar ƙwarewa ta musamman da kuma masaniya mai yawa, don haka ko da farkon fararen lambu zai iya jurewa da narkar da waɗannan furanni. Cinerarias sun fi son wuraren da ba su da haske, amma ya fi kyau a guji haɗuwa da ganyen rana tsakar rana. Bushes suna da kyau a shuka su a cikin ƙoshin abinci mai gina jiki da ƙasa mai laushi tare da ɗan ƙaramin alkaline ko yanayin tsaka tsaki. Seedlings za a iya girma a cikin lambu daga tsakiyar Mayu, saboda haka kada su ji tsoron sakamakon hatsarin bazara frosts.
Ana saukad da lingsanyen a cikin ramuka masu shirya, nisan dake tsakanin wanda ya zama ya zama akalla cm cm 8. Yana da mahimmanci don kula da ƙwallon yumbu a kan tushen sa lokacin da ake cire seedlings daga cikin akwati. Dasa a cikin ƙasa buɗe ya ƙare tare da yawan adadin kowace daji. Idan yankin da kake zaune yana da yanayin rashin kwanciyar hankali tare da canje-canje yawan zafin jiki akai-akai a cikin shekarar, zaku iya rufe shi da spanbond ko lutrasil. A wannan yanayin, lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta bayyana, seedlingsan matasa za su kasance lafiya.
Kulawar Cineraria
Cinerarias ba a fassara su ba. Abinda kawai zai iya lalata ganuwar fure shine tsarin rashin ruwa. Game da fari fari da rashin danshi, furanni fara yin rauni, tare da wuce gona da iri na ƙasa, ana lura da lalacewar tushen. Koyaya, kusan dukkanin nau'ikan cineraria suna da tsayayye, don haka na dogon lokaci zasu iya yin ba tare da ruwa ba. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, a lokacin bazara na al'ada suna da isasshen ruwan sama na halitta.
Bayan kowace ruwa, ya zama dole don sassauta yankin da ke kusa da fure kuma cire ciyayi. Flowering na tsawan idan wilted inflorescences daga bushes an yanka a cikin lokaci.
Ana yin miya da takin ma'adinai na fure sau 2-3 a wata. Yayin ƙirƙirar buds, ana ciyar da bushes ɗin tare da takin gargajiya. Furancin furannin cineraria na ado ne-an yanke su kafin kofin su bude. Sannan shuka zai ciyar da karancin iko da abubuwan gina jiki kan ci gaban buds.
Cineraria bayan fure
Yanayin yankin mu yana bamu damar shuka fure ne kawai a matsayin shuka shekara. Bayan an gama fure, an tono bushes ɗin, kamar yadda suke ba su da ƙimar daraja. Koyaya, nau'ikan ado da kayan maye suna iya rayuwa cikin hunturu cikin sauƙin, idan sun samar da ingantacciyar tsari a cikin nau'in bushewar ganye ko rassan spruce. Tare da zuwan bazara, ana cire harbe da ganye mai sanyi, 'yantar da makirci don cigaban matasa. Wasu yan lambu suna bi ta wani hanyar. Sukan haƙa cineraria kuma suna dasa shuki a cikin furannin fure saboda su iya jira lokacin hunturu a wuri mai sanyi. A shekara mai zuwa, an dawo da dajin zuwa shafin.
Sake bugun cineraria
Kayan lambu na yaduwa
Yankasa ta zuriya ya dace kawai don nau'in kayan ado na fure-fure. Sauran nau'in ana gundura cikin tsire-tsire. Ana amfani da cineraria iri-iri na sinadarin teku ta amfani da itace. Don yin wannan, an yanke ƙananan ƙarfi tare da tsawon game da 10 cm a cikin akwati ta hannu na musamman domin su kafe. Ana iya juyar da 'gurnati' zuwa kowane kusurwa na lambun domin a adana kayan dasa daga tasirin rana tsakar rana. A matsayin kayan abu don mai yanke, ana amfani da allon katako ko zanen gado na firiji. Akwatin cike yake da cakuda ƙasa wanda ya kunshi gonar lambu da yashi. A kasan akwatinan magudana masu ruwa ana yinsu ne domin a samar da iska. Ana shayar da ƙasa mai yayyafa tare da ƙari na dropsan saukad da na potassiumgangan. An yanke wurin da aka yanke a hannun wanda aka yi shi da tushe kuma aka saukar da shi cikin ƙasa. Filin saman duniya da ke kewayenta. Kwayar peeling daga ƙasa an rufe shi da kwalaben filastik daga sama, waɗanda aka matse su cikin yashi. Wannan ƙirar tana ba da sakamako mai ɗan iska.
Watering da cuttings ne da za'ayi kowane kwana biyu. Bayan samuwar Tushen tushe, ana cire kwalaben kuma ana barin ganyen a kullun na dan wani lokaci don yin numfashi, saboda a cikin hanzari su saba da yanayin muhalli. Sannan kwalayen an tsaftace su baki daya. A cikin hunturu, ana ajiye "cuticle" a cikin ɗaki mai sanyi. Tare da farawa a cikin yanayin bazara mai ɗorewa, ana jujjuya guraben zuwa ga ƙasa buɗe.
Cutar da kwari
Hatsari ga shuka shine tsatsa da mildew powdery, da suka tashi daga tsawan tsawo na fuskantar fari ko danshi a cikin bushes. Daga cikin kwari da za su iya kai hari ga fure, akwai gizo-gizo gizo-gizo da aphids. Zai fi kyau yin prophylaxis na bushes akai-akai don yaƙar cutar. Don jimre wa kwari da ke cin ganye da mai tushe, maganin kashe kwari kawai yana taimakawa. Yawancin nau'ikan cineraria suna nuna juriya ga cututtuka da kwari.
Iri da nau'ikan cineraria
Don narkar da lambun, ana amfani da nau'ikan cineraria guda biyu: deciduous na ado da fure mai ado.
An tsara wakilan fure da kayan kwalliya na fure a gonar lambu, kuma nau'ikan da suka isa fure sun dace da amfanin cikin gida.
Wasan Cineraria -gabatar da wani ado na ado perennial. Ganyenta suna da launuka na launin shuɗi daban-daban. Dankin ya shahara wajen ƙirƙirar keɓaɓɓen wuri mai faɗi a gonar, lokacin da kake son samar da tushen kore. Bushes mai haske yayi kyau kusa da sauran furanni masu haske. Mutanen za su iya jin wani suna don wannan nau'in - "ƙura ta azurfa". Hakanan ya hada da nau'ikan:
- Darfin Azumi - shruban itacen da ba a girke shi da ganye mai yadin da aka saka;
- Cirrus wani daji ne mai tsayi. Ganyen suna da faifan gefuna da kuma siffar m.
Abun cineraria - Wannan kyakkyawan ciyayi ne na fure wanda zai iya kaiwa tsawo sama da cm 30. Furen ya yi kama da furannin dais ko fure. Wakilan wannan nau'in sune nau'in kayan ado-fure: Grandiflora, Stellata, Sympathy da Double.
Cineraria mai kyau - halin Branching mai tushe, yana da ganye tare da farfajiyar masar. Furanni suna yin kwandunan ciyawa kuma suna yin ado da lambun har zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Matsayi Ligulosus, ya bambanta da launi iri-iri na toho, da dwarf Nanus, waɗanda ƙanginsu ba su wuce 25 cm a tsayi ba, ana ɗaukar kyawawan kayan silsila.
